Climate projections of spatial variations in coastal storm surges along the Gulf of Mexico and U.S. east coast     

Zhigang Yao  Zuo Xue  Ruoying He  Xianwen Bao  Jun Xie  Qian Ge 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2017,16(1):1-7

Using statistically downscaled atmospheric forcing, we performed a numerical investigation to evaluate future climate's impact on storm surges along the Gulf of Mexico and U.S. east coast. The focus is on the impact of climatic changes in wind pattern and surface pressure while neglecting sea level rise and other factors. We adapted the regional ocean model system(ROMS) to the study region with a mesh grid size of 7–10 km in horizontal and 18 vertical layers. The model was validated by a hindcast of the coastal sea levels in the winter of 2008. Model's robustness was confirmed by the good agreement between model-simulated and observed sea levels at 37 tidal gages. Two 10-year forecasts, one for the IPCC Pre-Industry(PI) and the other for the A1 FI scenario, were conducted. The differences in model-simulated surge heights under the two climate scenarios were analyzed. We identified three types of responses in extreme surge heights to future climate: a clear decrease in Middle Atlantic Bight, an increase in the western Gulf of Mexico, and non-significant response for the remaining area. Such spatial pattern is also consistent with previous projections of sea surface winds and ocean wave heights.  相似文献   

滑坡监测的自适应约束抗差滤波算法研究     

左廷英  吴芸芸  宋迎春 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(6):94-99

在滑坡的动态监测中通常存在先验几何信息和物理信息,现有的滤波算法并不能够充分利用这些信息,为控制几何观测异常对形变参数估计的影响,提出一种利用滑坡力学状态信息的约束滤波模型.同时,利用约束方程获得有益信息,精确地确定测量的等价权,给出相应的自适应约束抗差滤波算法,并通过实例说明了带有约束的滤波算法更能提高状态参数估计的...  相似文献   

Multiscale anisotropic diffusion for ringing artifact suppression in geophysical deconvolution data          下载免费PDF全文

Boxin Zuo  Xiangyun Hu  Meixia Geng 《地震科学（英文版）》2016,29(4):215-220

Ringing artifact degradations always appear in the deconvolution of geophysical data. To address this problem, we propose a postprocessing approach to suppress ringing artifacts that uses a novel anisotropic diffusion based on a stationary wavelet transform (SWT) algorithm. In this paper, we discuss the ringing artifact suppression problem and analyze the characteristics of the deconvolution ringing artifact. The deconvolution data containing ringing artifacts are decomposed into different SWT subbands for analysis, and a new multiscale adaptive anisotropic filter is developed to suppress these degradations. Finally, we demonstrate the performance of the proposed method and describe the experiments in detail.  相似文献   

Application of Fractal Models to Distinguish between Different Mineral Phases     

Renguang Zuo  Qiuming Cheng  Qinglin Xia  F. P. Agterberg 《Mathematical Geosciences》2009,41(1):71-80

Fractal modeling is demonstrated to be an effective and rapid tool to distinguish between mineral phases in rock samples. It supplements work that previously could be performed only by observing the interpenetrational or metasomatic phenomena between different minerals with the aid of mineralographic microscope. The Gejiu tin district in southwestern China was chosen as a study area for the recognition and characterization of the spatial distribution of two phases (Types I and II) of cassiterite. Vector patterns used for this study were extracted from digital photomicrographs and analyzed with the aid of MapGIS. Perimeter–area fractal dimension, cumulative number–area exponent, and shape index were determined in order to quantify geometrical irregularities and spatial cassiterite phase distribution characteristics. The results show that fractal dimensions based on area and perimeter are larger for crystals of Type I than for those of Type II. The mean shape index (SI) increases from 0.54 (Type I) to 0.64 (Type II), indicating an increase in regularity. The number–area exponent also increases from 0.88 to 1.15, indicating the smaller crystals of Type II. The cumulative number–shape index log–log plot shows two separate straight-line segments. One of these probably represents a background shape realized during the original process of natural crystallization, whereas the other likely represents anomalous shapes because of weathering or other superimposed processes. Two parallel lines can be constructed on the perimeter–area log–log plots. The upper line, with a larger intercept, represents crystals with lower SI. The lower line represents crystals with higher SI, indicating that the intercept provides a measure of the irregularity of grains. By combining the perimeter–area model with cumulative number–area plot and shape index, the two phases of cassiterite can be distinguished and characterized. One phase has fewer crystals of large size, and the other has smaller crystals. This difference can be explained by assuming that under higher-temperature conditions, the large cassiterite crystals formed earlier than the smaller crystals. Consequently, the large cassiterites underwent longer, high-intensive weathering than the small crystals so that their shapes became more irregular. The younger, more abundant small cassiterites retained their original regular shapes.  相似文献   

Simulation and control of the linked systems of water quantity–water quality–socio-economics in the Huaihe River basin     

Ming Dou  Qiting Zuo  Junxia Ma  Guiqiu Li 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(4):763-774

Abstract

This work makes explicit an algebraic expression giving the matrix of transient influence coefficients associated with a one-dimensional semi-confined aquifer model. The domain studied is divided into a series of connected and completely mixed compartments over which the governing equation is discretized. The discrete equations obtained are solved for the compartmental hydraulic head and used to derive the algebraic expression in question. The basic properties of the so-called algebraic influence coefficients are investigated. In particular, their consistency with the exact Green function is highlighted. Finally, the newly derived influence coefficients are applied to a simplified aquifer system in order to formulate and solve the problem of identifying illegal groundwater pumping.  相似文献   

基于直方变差图的土地覆盖数据集多尺度精度评价     

朱榴骏  肖鹏峰  冯学智  汪左  蒋璐媛 《遥感学报》2013,17(6):1459-1474

针对目前精度评价尺度单一的问题,提出基于直方变差图的多尺度精度评价方法,分别在像元尺度和亚像元尺度进行土地覆盖数据集精度评价。在像元尺度利用驻点作为采样工具直接评价数据集精度;亚像元尺度上,则利用非严格定义的驻点和驻点直方变差图对不同面积和空间结构的优势类进行精度评价。并以浙江北部典型区域为实验区,Landsat TM/ETM+为参考数据,对UMD、IGBP DISCover、MOD12Q1-2001、GLC2000、GlobCover2009等5种大尺度土地覆盖数据集进行多尺度精度评价实验。结果表明,多尺度精度评价方法能够全面地评价土地覆盖数据集的精度,提供更加丰富的多尺度精度信息。像元尺度精度评价可在一定程度上消除由于参考数据与数据集间的空间匹配造成的误差,评价结果更加客观;亚像元尺度精度评价能有效反映亚像元尺度优势地物面积及空间结构与精度的关系。  相似文献   

黄土高原表土磁化率与气候要素的定量关系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋扬  郝青振  葛俊逸  赵得爱  张岩  李琴  左昕昕  吕延武  王攀 《第四纪研究》2012,32(4)

黄土高原地区已建立多个表土低频磁化率-气候转换函数,为黄土古气候定量重建提供了关键方法.但是表土磁化率变化的气候控制因素的系统研究尚未开展;同时,低频磁化率部分受到沉积作用的影响,需要寻找气候意义更明确的指标.我们系统采集了黄土高原及周边地区的表土样品,运用相关、回归和因子分析等方法,研究了不同气候要素及其季节变化对表土磁化率和频率磁化率的控制作用.结果显示,湿度是控制黄土高原表土磁化率的主要因素,温度的影响相对较小;降水的季节分配也有影响,月降水变率较小的地区磁化率较高.在此基础上,选择反映成壤磁性颗粒组分的频率磁化率,建立了频率磁化率-年均降水量的转换函数,为黄土古气候定量估算提供了新的途径.  相似文献   

川东南地区志留系龙马溪组页岩气有利区评价优选     

左中航  杨飞  张操  高超 《化工矿产地质》2012,(3):135-142

通过对川东南地区志留系龙马溪组页岩有机质丰度、热成熟度、有机质类型、脆性矿物含量、页岩层厚度、埋藏深度、构造形态等七大地质因素的综合分析,认定该区分布广泛的页岩有机质含量较高,有机质类型较好,热演化程度高,生烃潜力大,具备形成页岩气藏的气源条件。页岩厚度较大,埋深较浅,脆性矿物含量较大,页岩气的保存条件良好,有利于页岩气的压裂与开采。  相似文献   

压力分散型预应力锚索张拉试验及应力损失探讨     

左小伟  周峰 《岩土工程技术》2012,(5):256-258

以某边坡工程压力分散型预预应力锚索的张拉试验为基础,介绍了压力分散型预应力锚索工作机理及张拉试验过程,并对应力损失、预应力筋的伸长量及桩身变形进行分析和初步探讨。  相似文献   

基于土地利用分类模型和重力模型耦合的人口分布模拟——以武汉市人口数据为例     

丁文秀  赵伟  左德霖  张亦梅  王维维  杨志强 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(Z1):127-131

将土地分类模型和重力模型耦合形成新模型,并以武汉市人口数据为例,用耦合后的新模型模生成武汉市人口网格数据.经数据验证表明,耦合后的新模型在计算精度方面有了较大的提高.  相似文献