排序方式： 共有36条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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从公路安全运行迫切需求出发,着眼于震后公路沿线地质灾害发育程度,选取山区公路地质灾害风险评价指标及其权重,并结合地质灾害危险性与防护工程新技术,建立山区公路地质灾害风险评估体系。该评估体系将灾损公路分两阶段进行评分,两阶段根据相应的评价指标和权重系数,计算出灾害风险总得分,从而确定威胁公路的地质灾害风险等级。以典型的泥石流灾害为例开展工程案例分析,验证山区公路地质灾害风险评估体系的适用程度。结果表明,该评价体系在川九公路艰险路段震后恢复重建工作中有较好的实用性和可靠性。 相似文献
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利用1961—2010年重庆34个气象观测站夏季降水资料及国家气候中心130项环流指数,采用机器学习的决策树和随机森林方法建立重庆夏季旱涝预测模型,通过2011—2018年预测效果检验发现,夏季同期环流指数决策树模型和前冬海温指数决策树模型预测的8 a降水异常趋势均正确,比考虑单一指数的PC评分分别提高37.5%和12.5%。此外,用随机森林模型预测重庆2014—2018年的夏季降水,5 a平均PS、CC和PC评分分别是84.6、0.27和67.1,相比于业务发布预报质量均有明显提高,且随机森林的预测质量较为稳定。 相似文献
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Moisture Sources and Their Contributions to Summer Precipitation in the East of Southwest China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Complex topography, special geographical location and sea-land-air interactions lead to high interannual variability of summer precipitation in the east of Southwest China (ESWC). However, the contributions, influencing factors and mechanisms of remote and local evaporation remain to be further investigated. Using clustering analysis and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory version 5 model, we analyze the contributions of remote moisture transport and local evaporation to summer precipitation in the ESWC and their causes. There are mainly five remote moisture channels in the ESWC, namely the Arabian Sea channel, Bay of Bengal channel, western Pacific channel, Northwest channel 1 and Northwest channel 2. Among the five channels, the western Pacific channel has the largest number of trajectories, while the Bay of Bengal channel has the largest contribution rate of specific humidity (33.33%) and moisture flux (33.14%). The amount of regional average precipitation is close to that of the precipitation caused by remote moisture transport, and both are considerably greater than the rainfall amount caused by local evaporation. However, on interannual time scales, precipitation recirculation rates are negatively correlated to regional average precipitation and precipitation caused by remote moisture transport but are consistent with that caused by local evaporation. An apparent "+ ? +" wave train can be found on the height anomaly field in East Asia, and the sea surface temperature anomalies are positive in the equatorial Middle-East Pacific, the South China Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea. These phenomena cause southwest-northeast moisture transport with strong updrafts, thereby resulting in more precipitation in the ESWC. 相似文献
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公路建设横穿古滑坡时，多注重古滑面处的滑移防治。然而，坡体浅表覆盖层在一定组合下，受开挖扰动易诱发局部复活，造成较大危害。以四川红层区某高速公路横穿诱发古滑坡局部复活的工程案例为依托，总结其复活特征及成因；利用传递系数法计算局部复活区滑坡推力后，提出治理方案，并对复活区进行长期监测。结果表明，加固空白区的开挖及降雨是古滑坡局部复活的诱因；浅表覆盖层中含碎石粉质粘土与含砾粉质粘土的透水性差异是滑面形成的地质条件；长期监测表明“清方+钢管桩+截排水”能够对局部复活区进行有效治理。 相似文献
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通过对贵州省主汛期季节内振荡(Intra-Seasonal Oscillation,ISO)活跃年进行低频对流场和降水的合成分析,确定了影响贵州主汛期ISO和降水的热带印度洋(Indian Ocean,IO)低频对流关键区和南海(South China Sea,SCS)低频对流关键区,并利用MJO活动轨迹对贵州区域强降水过程开展了延伸期预报试验。将贵州省主汛期ISO位相划分为发展、峰值、减弱、抑制、谷值和恢复6个位相,发现贵州主汛期ISO活跃年的降水与本地区低频对流具有较好的对应关系,即在峰值位相时低频对流最强、降水正异常强度最强;在谷值位相时低频对流最弱、降水负异常强度最强。同时,热带和副热带低频对流场在贵州主汛期ISO波动的第1、4位相、第2、5位相及第3、6位相均呈反位相特征。在热带印度洋低频对流发展、并东传的过程中,有两条传播路径分别激发了孟加拉湾西南季风ISO活跃和南海热带季风ISO活跃共同影响贵州主汛期降水;在贵州主汛期有3个低频对流活跃期,IO关键区和SCS关键区ISO都有3次提前的低频对流加强。基于上述研究,分析MJO活动轨迹对贵州主汛期区域强降水过程的影响,发现热带印度洋MJO活动中心强度在贵州区域强降水过程发生前15 d~前3 d具有较好的持续性预报信号,提前9 d时正相关性最好。与延伸期预报业务规定的预报时段(未来11~30 d)相结合,通过确定贵州典型区域强降水过程发生前(提前量为10 d)至过程结束时段的MJO活动轨迹在历年中的最相似时段,发现MJO活动中心轨迹和强度对贵州区域强降水过程的趋势预报具有较好的指示意义。 相似文献