原子構造和地壳組成     

А.И.别列尔曼  汪鼎耜 《中国地质》1956,(10)

我們很了解,不同的化学元素在自然界的分布情况是極不均匀的,例如,铁和銅比金和铂較为常見,等等。研究各种岩石和矿石的化学成分已有200多年了,但是,关于地壳的平均化学成分的知識,在近年來仍有重大的意义。能够解决这一重要命題的是一門新的科学——地球化学,这门科学是20世紀初誕生的。地球化学不僅研究地球的固体外壳(所謂岩石圈),还研究液体外壳(水圈)和气体外壳(大气  相似文献   

地形测量工作的组织     

И.И.维诺格拉斯基  И.φ.坡尔查科  李定宇 《测绘通报》1956,(1)

大面积地形测量,按照政府批准的地形测量工作计划的执行次序进行。小面积地形测量,通常是在解决某种具体经济问题时（如为建筑工厂的场地测量等等）进行的。  相似文献   

一九七九年我国东部夏季风系统初步分析(摘要)     

汤明敏  黄士松  陆森娥 《浙江气象》1981,(4)

八月中旬,全国夏季风学术交流会在我省莫干山召开。本刊摘要刊登了南京大学黄士松教授和中山大学陈世训教授的两篇学术报告。我省气象局局长亓汉三同志出席了会议,在开幕式上讲了话,并即兴赋诗一首: 长夏暑炎天,群贤集莫干。将邪双剑在,千古照人间。人工穷造化,季风共磋研。河山锦绣美,气象景万千。  相似文献   

江淮气旋发生发展和暴雨过程及有关预报问题的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

黄士松  林元弼  韦统健 《大气科学》1976,(1):27-41

本文就一次典型过程作为例子,分析了江淮气旋发生发展和暴雨过程的特点,指出有利于江淮气旋发生发展的高空天气形势,地面一些中尺度低压和暴雨核的演变与气旋发展的互相联系。发现气旋区内可存在若干个中尺度低压,这些中尺度低压可先于或后于暴雨核生成而出现,并可增强、减弱或合并。文中计算了潜热释放的加热对涡度制造的贡献,指出潜热加热对气旋发展起着极为重要的作用。作者对于影响气旋发展的因子进行了讨论,并对如何根据湿度场、流场和降水分布(或卫星云图)特征来预报江淮气旋提出建议。  相似文献   

地震时孔隙水压力观测和估算     

石兆吉  郁寿松 《世界地震工程》1990,(4):13-19

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在大洋环流模型中对应于惯性内波破碎的垂直混合的一个参数化方案   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

范植松  尚真琦  张善武  胡瑞金  刘海龙 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(1):11-22

Based on the theoretical spectral model of inertial internal wave breaking(fine structure) proposed previously, in which the effects of the horizontal Coriolis frequency component f-tilde on a potential isopycnal are taken into account, a parameterization scheme of vertical mixing in the stably stratified interior below the surface mixed layer in the ocean general circulation model(OGCM) is put forward preliminarily in this paper. Besides turbulence, the impact of sub-mesoscale oceanic processes(including inertial internal wave breaking product) on oceanic interior mixing is emphasized. We suggest that adding the inertial internal wave breaking mixing scheme(F-scheme for short) put forward in this paper to the turbulence mixing scheme of Canuto et al.( T-scheme for short) in the OGCM, except the region from 15°S to 15°N. The numerical results of F-scheme by using WOA09 data and an OGCM(LICOM, LASG/IAP climate system ocean model) over the global ocean are given. A notable improvement in the simulation of salinity and temperature over the global ocean is attained by using T-scheme adding F-scheme, especially in the mid- and high-latitude regions in the simulation of the intermediate water and deep water. We conjecture that the inertial internal wave breaking mixing and inertial forcing of wind might be one of important mechanisms maintaining the ventilation process. The modeling strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation(AMOC) by using T-scheme adding F-scheme may be more reasonable than that by using T-scheme alone, though the physical processes need to be further studied, and the overflow parameterization needs to be incorporated. A shortcoming in F-scheme is that in this paper the error of simulated salinity and temperature by using T-scheme adding F-scheme is larger than that by using T-scheme alone in the subsurface layer.  相似文献   

Impact of different sampling rates on precise point positioning performance using online processing service     

Serdar Erol  Reha Metin Alkan  ?.Murat Ozulu  Veli Il?i 《地球空间信息科学学报》2021,24(2):302-312

In this study, the effect of different sampling rates (i.e. observation recording interval) on the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) solutions in terms of accuracy was investigated. For this purpose, a field test was carried out in ?orum province, Turkey, on 11 September 2019. Within this context, a Geodetic Point (GP) was established and precisely coordinated. A static GNSS measurement was occupied on the GP for about 4-hour time at 0.10 second (s)/10 Hz measurement intervals with the Trimble R10 geodetic grade GNSS receiver. The original observation file was converted to RINEX format and then decimated into the different data sampling rates as 0.2 s, 0.5 s, 1 s, 5 s, 10 s, 30 s, 60 s, and 120 s. All these RINEX observation files were submitted to the Canadian Spatial Reference System-Precise Point Positioning (CSRS-PPP) online processing service the day after the data collection date by choosing both static and kinematic processing options. In this way, PPP-derived static coordinates, and the kinematic coordinates of each measurement epoch were calculated. The PPP-derived coordinates obtained from each decimated sampling intervals were compared to known coordinates of the GP for northing, easting, 2D position, and height components. According to the static and kinematic processing results, high data sampling rates did not change the PPP solutions in terms of accuracy when compared to the results obtained using lower sampling rates. The results of this study imply that it was not necessary to collect GNSS data with high-rate intervals for many surveying projects requiring cm-level accuracy.  相似文献   

适应任意形状铁路隧道LiDAR点云的断面差异分析方法     

安炯  张同刚  贾海龙  邓川  邢庭松 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(4):180-184,188

针对三维激光扫描技术在铁路隧道超欠挖分析和收敛分析等应用中如何能对任意形状隧道LiDAR点云进行断面差异分析的关键问题,本文提出了一种适应任意形状铁路隧道LiDAR点云的断面差异分析方法。该方法先建立铁路隧道设计断面统一模型,提出实测断面点与设计要素对应关系判定方法,对从隧道LiDAR点云中提取出的断面在铁路隧道设计断面统一模型中逐点确定所对应的设计要素,并计算出断面在对应设计要素上的径向投影点到设定的起算高程面与设计断面左侧交点的弧长,根据弧长对断面进行排序,最后根据设定的采样步长对有序的断面进行采样得到实测断面,进而计算出实测断面相较于设计断面的偏差量。通过3组具有代表性的不同断面隧道模拟点云数据对提出的算法参数最佳取值进行试验,试验结果不仅给出了算法参数的最佳取值,也论证了本方法可以对任意形状铁路隧道LiDAR点云进行断面差异分析。  相似文献   

基于GIS和Socket技术的海事综合监管系统研究     

陈年松  李乃强 《测绘与空间地理信息》2021,44(11):97-98,101

为实现海事部门建立的地理信息系统、视频监控系统和街景系统等多个系统间的互联互通,本文基于GIS和Socket融合技术,开发通信消息总线,制定互操作报文语义规则,设计多系统互操作方法,并在此基础上研究海事信息系统间的互操作机制,实现了海事指挥调度工作的综合监管.  相似文献   

融合CORS的自然资源移动调绘系统设计与实现     

周烽松  敖敏思  楚彬  华亮春 《测绘地理信息》2021,46(6):142-145

针对自然资源外业调绘过程采集数据精度低、工作效率低等缺点,设计并实现了融合CORS(continuously oper-ating reference stations)和无人机的外业调绘系统.详细介绍了系统的整体设计与功能,实现了在高精度影像底图上对图斑进行合并、切割、注记、高精度定位等功能.推进自然资源要素移动化、智能化调查取证,降低外业调绘工作量和工作风险,具有一定的推广与应用价值.  相似文献