印度洋岩石圈褶皱及大洋板块的流变学     

Marti.  J 王根发 《海洋地质译丛》1997,(1):67-73

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缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算     

T.J.S.Sykes孙萍  梁宏锋 《海洋地质前沿》1995,(8):15-17

缺少密度或孔隙度测定数据的块体堆积速率的计算Ｔ．Ｊ．Ｓ．Ｓｙｋｅｓ等块体堆积速率（ＭＡＲ）计算已被应用于深海钻探计划（ＤＳＤＰ）和大洋钻探计划（ＯＤＰ）岩心，以研究大洋盆地的沉积物演化，或把ＭＡＲ数据分离成岩石学成分以决定方解石补偿深度（ＣＣＤ）的历...  相似文献   

Observation of clouds and solar radiation over the Pacific Ocean as relation to global climate     

Farn Parungo  Clarence Nagamoto  Cecilia M. I. R. Girz  Jeff Torgerson  Zhou Mingyu 《海洋学报(英文版)》1995,14(2):201-207

ＯｂｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｌｏｕｄｓａｎｄｓｏｌａｒｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎｏｖｅｒｔｈｅＰａｃｉｆｉｃＯｃｅａｎａｓｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｔｏｇｌｏｂａｌｃｌｉｍａｔｅ￥ＦａｒｎＰａｒｕｎｇｏ；ＣｌａｒｅｎｃｅＮａｇａｍｏｔｏ；ＣｅｃｉｌｉａＭ．Ｉ．Ｒ．Ｇｉ...  相似文献   

南美洲7ka来古气候资料中的南方涛动信号     

L．Martin李国胜  李日辉 《海洋地质前沿》1994,(2):8-10

在南半球赤道地区，太平洋东部沿岸的海面温度相对较冷，这些冷水强烈地影响着赤道大陆气候，在由塔西提／达尔文间不规则的高／低气压所定义的南方诗动的减弱价段，这种气候背景型式强烈地受到改变，在南方涛动减弱阶段，厄尔尼诺事件可能会出现，赤道太平洋水团要比通常温暖。  相似文献   

A quantitative analysis on the Egyptian Mediterranean waters     

M. A. Sai  F. M. Eid 《海洋学报(英文版)》1994,13(2):203-212

ＡｑｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｎｔｈｅＥｇｙｐｔｉａｎＭｅｄｉｔｅｒｒａｎｅａｎｗａｔｅｒｓ￥Ｍ．Ａ．ＳａｉｄａｎｄＦ．Ｍ．Ｅｉｄ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＳｅｐｔｅｍｂｅｒ２１，１９９３１ａｃｃｆｅｐｔｅｄＪａｎｕａｒｙ１５，１９９４）Ａｂｓ...  相似文献   

Assessing degradation capability of aerobic indigenous microflora in PAH-contaminated brackish sediments     

Abbondanzi F  Campisi T  Focanti M  Guerra R  Iacondini A 《Marine environmental research》2005,59(5):419-434

A study was conducted to determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) distribution and microbial population changes in brackish sediments from an Italian lagoon included in the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. The presence and level of PAH-degrading bacteria were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) enumeration technique, whereas degradation capability towards target compounds was checked against loss of spiked PAHs (Phenanthrene, Anthracene and Fluoranthene) in MPN tubes after incubation in optimal conditions. Chemical analyses and microbiological counts suggested a potential for PAHs biodegradation by natural occurring populations of sediment microorganisms, thus indicating an "optimal range" in sediment PAHs concentrations, outside of which the natural selection of the indigenous microflora did not occur. The MPN procedure here described, provided an effective and reliable way to simultaneously determine microbial population densities and subsequent confirmation of the biodegradation capability of sediment indigenous microflora when exposed to laboratory and environmental concentrations of PAHs.  相似文献   

Measurement of stress effects (scope for growth) and contaminant levels in mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected from the Irish Sea     

Widdows J  Donkin P  Staff FJ  Matthiessen P  Law RJ  Allen YT  Thain JE  Allchin CR  Jones BR 《Marine environmental research》2002,53(4):327-356

The objective of this research was to quantify the impact of pollution along the coastlines of the Irish Sea. Pollution assessment was based on the combined measurement of scope for growth (SFG), and chemical contaminants in the tissues of mussels (Mytilus edulis) collected from 38 coastal sites around the Irish Sea during June-July in 1996 and 1997. On the UK mainland coast, the SFG showed a general trend with a significant decline in water quality in the Liverpool and Morecambe Bay region. High water quality was recorded along the west coast of Wales, as well as southwest England and northwest Scotland (clean reference sites outside the Irish Sea). Along the coast of Ireland there was a similar trend with reduced SFG within the Irish Sea region. SFG was generally low north of Duncannon and then improved north of Belfast. The poor water quality on both sides of the Irish Sea is consistent with the prevailing hydrodynamics and the spatial distribution of contaminants associated with urban/ industrial development. The decline in SFG of mussels on both sides of the Irish Sea was associated with a general increase in contaminant levels in the mussels. Certain contaminants, including PAHs, TBT, sigmaDDT, Dieldrin, gamma-HCH, PCBs, and a few of the metals (Cd, Se, Ag, Pb), showed elevated concentrations. Many of these contaminants were particularly elevated in the coastal margins of Liverpool Bay, Morecambe Bay and Dublin Bay. A quantitative toxicological interpretation (QTI) of the combined tissue residue chemistry and SFG measurements indicated that at the majority of coastal sites, c. 50 to > 80% of the observed decline in SFG was due to PAHs as a result of fossil fuel combustion and oil spills. TBT levels were highest at major ports and harbours, but these concentrations only made a minor contribution to the overall reduction in SFG. At no sites were individual metals accumulated to concentrations that could cause a significant effect on SFG. The study identified many sites where the observed reduction in SFG was far greater than predicted from the limited number of chemical contaminants analysed, thus indicating the presence of additional 'unknown toxicants'. Sewage (containing domestic, agricultural and industrial components) appears to be an important contributor to reduced SFG and linear alkylbenzenes (LABs) and As may provide suitable 'sewage markers'. There was a highly significant positive correlation between SFG and As (P < 0.001). This relationship may be due to reduced As uptake by algal food material and mussels at sites with elevated P04 concentrations (e.g. at sites with sewage inputs). Phosphate is a known competitive inhibitor of As accumulation, at least in algae. The results highlight that further research is required on 'sewage markers' in mussels. The SFG approach therefore provides a rapid, cost-effective and quantitative measure of pollution impact, as well as a means of identifying the causes through a QTI of tissue contaminants levels. It also serves to identify the presence of unidentified toxicants and areas that require further study.  相似文献   

Patterns of heritability of decreased EROD activity and resistance to PCB 126-induced teratogenesis in laboratory-reared offspring of killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a creosote-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River,VA, USA     

Meyer J  Di Giulio R 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):621-626

Killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a highly contaminated site on the Elizabeth River are resistant to the acute toxicity and the cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A)-inducing activity of both the sediments from the site and chemically pure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). These effects are highly heritable for one generation, but heritable to a lesser degree by subsequent generations, in clean conditions in the laboratory. We show that offspring of this population of Elizabeth River killifish are also resistant to the teratogenicity and P4501A-inducing activity of PCB congener 126, a prototypical coplanar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon (HAH). Furthermore, the pattern of greater resistance to acute toxicity and P4501A-inducing activity in the first generation and less in subsequent generations is also observed upon exposure to PCB-126.  相似文献   

1985年空间海洋学的状况和展望     

D.J.贝克  倪振荣 《海洋开发与管理》1986,(3)

1984年海洋学工程的主要措施是在空间建立海洋观察站。新的海军遥控海洋测向系统卫星(NROSS)和欧洲空间站的地球资源卫星(ERS—Ⅰ)已得到政府的批准,列入了预算项目,开展了利用卫星调查内容的计划和操作运行的计划。NROSS 的传感器有用于风的 NASA(国家航空和航天局)的传播计量器;用于水面温度,冰的性质和海冰边端的微波无线  相似文献   

大西洋中脊的热液矿泉     

R．P.VonHerzen 《海洋地质前沿》1997,(2)

在过去10年中，通过国际合作，对大西洋中肯的热液矿泉及周围地质背景进行了研究。TAG热液矿泉位于26°N，45°W，距大西洋中脊轴数公里，它是世界卜已发现的最大热液矿泉之一．这个活动的热泉位于一直径为10m的烟囱上，该烟囱位于一直径为150－200m、高40m的椭圆形硫化矿山上．在这个硫化矿山附近几公里范围内还发现了几个不活动的热泉。TAG靠近两条转换断层之间的大西洋中脊．区域重力调查表明，TAG北部的剪切带在向北漂移．分析TAG海底玄武岩表明，源岩在10－15km深处．从旁侧声纳资料看出，TAG由两个复杂的烟囱组成．近海底地球…  相似文献