Effects of heavy metal (Pb) concentration on some growth parameters of plants grown in lead polluted soil under organic fertilizer amendment     

Ojo M. Oseni  Adekunle A. Adelusi  Esther O. Da  Abdulfatai B. Rufai 《寒旱区科学》2016,8(1):36-45

This study investigated morphological variation and biomass accumulation that occurred in Sida acuta and Chromolaena odorata plants grown in lead polluted soil under organic fertilizer amendment. The study was carried out in the screen house at the Biological Gardens of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State. The experiment was a factorial combination of one heavy metal (Pb) at five levels of concentration (0, 200, 400, 800 and 1,000 mg/kg) in a completely randomized design, and were replicated three times for each of the two plants and two levels (0 g/kg and 9.4 g/kg) of organic fertilizer (OBD-Plus). Each pot was filled with 5 kg of air-dried and sieved soil and placed on a plastic tray for the collection of excess water. Two weeks after planting, seedlings of uniform height were transplanted from the nursery to experimental pots at the rate of one seedling per pot and grown for 10 weeks. The growth parameters of the plants were biomonitored for 7 weeks. After 10 weeks of treatment, the plants were harvested and dried to calculate the biomass accumulation. The two plant species performed better under fertilizer application than without it. For each of the plant species the growth parameters decreased as the levels of Pb concentration increased. Furthermore, the plants' biomass decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the levels of Pb concentration increased. The organic fertilizer helped to improve the plants' performance in lead-polluted soil.  相似文献   

The Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic passive margin Lajeado Group and Apiaí Gabbro,Southeastern Brazil     

G.A.C.Campanha  M.S.Basei  F.M.Faleiros  A.P.Nutman 《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(4):683-694

The Lajeado Group in the Ribeira Belt,southeastern Brazil,corresponds to an open-sea carbonate platform,comprised of seven overlapping siliciclastic and carbonatic formations,intruded in its upper portion by the Apiai Gabbro.These rocks have a Neoproterozoic tectonometamorphic overprint related to arc magmatism and the Brasiliano collisional orogeny.Geochronological constraints are given by new UPb SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS data for Lajeado Group detrital zircons and for magmatic zircons from the Apiai Gabbro.The youngest detrital zircons in the Lajeado Group are 1400-1200 Ma,and constrain its maximum age of deposition to be 1200 Ma,whereas the 877 ± 8 Ma age for magmatic zircons in the Apiai Gabbro give the minimum age.Detritus source areas are mainly Paleoproterozoic(2200-1800 Ma)with some Archean and Mesoproterozoic contribution(1500-1200 Ma),with distal or tectonic stable cratonic character.The Lajeado Group should be a Stenian-Tonian carbonate platform passive margin of a continent at this time,namely the Columbia/Nuna or the Rodinia.The Apiai Gabbro displays similar age to other intrusive basic rocks in the Lajeado and Itaiacoca groups and represents tholeiitic MORB-like magmatism that we relate to the initial break-up of a Mesoproterozoic continent and the formation of the Brasiliano oceans.  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987115000882   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E.A.Lalla  G.Lopez-Reyes  A.Sansano  A.Sanz-Arranz  J.Martínez-Frías  J.Medina  F.Rull-Pérez 《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(4):673-681

A detailed vibrational Raman-IR spectroscopic and diffractional analyses have been performed on basalts from two locations from Tenerife Island:(1) the Arenas Negras volcano which belongs to the historical eruption not showing visible alteration and(2) Pillow Lavas zone from Anaga Massif which shows a clearly fluid-rock interaction caused by submarine alteration.These places have been extensively studied due to its similarity with the surface of Mars.The analysis is based on the mineral detection of selected samples by a Micro-Raman study of the materials.The complementary techniques have confirmed the mineralogy detected by the Raman measurement.The results show a volcanic environment behavior with primary phases like olivine,pyroxene,and feldspar/plagioclase.Moreover,the presence of accessory minerals or secondary mineralization like phosphate,iron oxides,zeolite or carbonates shows the alteration processes on each outcrop.The variation in the crystallinity and amorphous phases is related to fluid-rock interaction caused by hydrothermal episodes and external weathering processes,which shows several analogies with the ancient volcanic activity from Mars.  相似文献   

The Gondwana Orogeny in northern North Patagonian Massif:Evidences from the Caita Có granite,La Se?a and Pangaré mylonites,Argentina     

Daniel A.Gregori  Bernhardt Saini-Eidukat  Leonardo Benedini  Leonardo Strazzere  Mercedes Barros  José Kostadinoff 《地学前缘(英文版)》2016,7(4):621-638

Structural analyses in the northern part of the North Patagonia Massif,in the foliated Caita Co granite and in La Sena and Pangare mylonites,indicate that the pluton was intruded as a sheet-like body into an opening pull-apart structure during the Gondwana Orogeny.Geochronological studies in the massif indicate a first,lower to middle Permian stage of regional deformation,related to movements during indentation tectonics,with emplacement of foliated granites in the western and central areas of the North Patagonian Massif.Between the upper Permian and lower Triassic,evidence indicates emplacement of undeformed granitic bodies in the central part of the North Patagonian Massif.A second pulse of deformation between the middle and upper Triassic is related to the emplacement of the Caita Co granite,the development of mylonitic belts,and the opening of the Los Menucos Basin.During this pulse of deformation,compression direction was from the eastern quadrant.  相似文献   

琼东南盆地古地形对北礁凹陷中中新统丘控制作用     

李俞锋  蒲仁海  屈红军  张功成  袁超  李斌 《地质科技情报》2018,(2)

琼东南盆地北礁凹陷中中新统丘形反射引起了广泛的关注,但成因却争议较大,在前人研究的基础上,利用覆盖整个盆地高测网密度的二维地震、深浅水钻井和高精度三维地震资料,分析了中新世北礁凹陷在盆地中的沉积背景和古地形以及古地形对底流的影响。研究表明,中新世北礁凹陷处于半深海的沉积环境,其古地形为近互相对称的漏斗状(中间窄,两端宽),这样的古地形对底流的流速有加速作用,使晚中新世早期(11.6 Ma)底流流速增大,从而底蚀北礁凹陷中中新统梅山组地层形成底流水道和丘(残丘),且古地形(对称漏斗)越窄处底流水道和丘的规模越大。首次在北礁凹陷发现中中新世漏斗状古地形对丘和水道的分布有控制作用,且对具有漏斗状古地形的其他凹陷丘形(状)反射研究具有重要的参考价值。  相似文献   

Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Early to Middle Miocene Sequence in West Central Sinai,Egypt, as Revealed from Fossil Diatoms     

Abdelfattah A. ZALAT 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(1):354-366

A detailed analysis of the diatoms from the sedimentary sequence exposed in Abu Qada basin, west central Sinai, was used to determine the palaeoenvironmental changes during the Lower to Middle Miocene. A total of 85 diatom species and varieties belonging to 37 genera were identified from 154 samples collected throughout the stratigraphic succession. The lithological characters of the studied samples varied between sandstone, silty interbeds, sandy shales, shales, and terminated with anhydrite and limestones. These rock units are included in two lithostratigraphic formations (Rudies and Kareem), which are separated by a marked unconformity. The distribution and preservation of fossil diatoms in the sedimentary record are examined with the aim of outlining the temporal and spatial variation in the composition of the diatom assemblages, in order to estimate the changes in depositional environments during the Lower to Middle Miocene. The distributional pattern of the recorded diatom taxa distinguished four diatom eco-zones. The environment of each eco-zone is deduced and a proposed paleobathymetric change and depositional history of the Miocene sediments in the studied area are given.  相似文献   

Is Ziarat a Potential Site for Conventional or Unconventional Energy Resources?     

Sarfraz KHAN  Umair Bin NISAR  Khawar A. AHMED  Muhammad WASEEM  Waqas AHMED 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(4):1544-1557

A structural interpretation of the Ziarat block in the Balochistan region (a part of the Suleiman Fold and Thrust Belt) has been carried out using seismic and seismological data. Seismic data consists of nine 2.5D pre‐stack migrated seismic lines, whereas the seismological data covers the Fault Plane Solution and source parameters. Structural interpretation describes two broad fault sets of fore and back thrusts in the study area that have resulted in the development of pop‐up structures, accountable for the structural traps and seismicity pattern in terms of seismic hazard. Seismic interpretation includes time and depth contour maps of the Dungan Formation and Ranikot group, while seismological interpretation includes Fault Plane Solution, that is correlated with a geological and structural map of the area for the interpretation of the nature of the subsurface faults. Principal stresses are also estimated for the Ranikot group and Dungan Formation. In order to calculate anisotropic elastic properties, the parameters of the rock strength of the formations are first determined from seismic data, along with the dominant stresses (vertical, minimum horizontal, and maximum horizontal). The differential ratio of the maximum and minimum horizontal stresses is obtained to indicate optimal zones for hydraulic fracturing, and to assess the potential for geothermal energy reservoir prospect generation. The stress maps indicate high values towards the deeper part of the horizon, and low towards the shallower part, attributed to the lithological and structural variation in the area. Outcomes of structural interpretation indicate a good correlation of structure and tectonics from both seismological and seismic methods.  相似文献   

藏南早侏罗世新特提斯洋俯冲过程中壳幔混合作用:来自日喀则东嘎闪长质岩体的证据     

舒楚天  龙晓平  王强  袁超 《地球化学》2018,(5)

大陆地壳的总体成分是闪长质的,闪长岩的成因是理解大陆地壳形成的关键。发育在青藏高原南部的冈底斯岩基,其总体成分是闪长质的,但是前人的研究主要集中在讨论镁铁质和长英质岩石的成因,很少涉及闪长岩。本工作选取冈底斯岩基中部东嘎闪长质岩体作为研究对象,以揭示冈底斯带闪长岩的成因及其与地壳生长的关系。锆石U-Pb定年显示东嘎闪长岩形成于(176.5±1.2)Ma,并且有(191.3±1.2)Ma的继承锆石,指示有早期地壳组分的加入。这些闪长岩具有相对较高的Mg~#(0.40~0.44),亏损的Sr((~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i=0.703570~0.703595)、Nd(ε_(Nd)(t)=+6.1~+6.5)和锆石Hf(ε_(Hf)(t)=+12.0~+14.7)同位素组成,以及较高的~(147)Sm/~(144)Nd值,表明岩浆源区有地幔物质贡献。岩相学上,闪长岩中镁铁质聚晶团块附近的针状磷灰石,以及东嘎岩体中广泛发育的镁铁质包体,暗示闪长岩为岩浆混合成因。岩浆混合的地球化学检验,也证实东嘎闪长岩是由幔源和壳源岩浆混合形成。东嘎闪长岩的壳幔混合成因表明在早侏罗世新特提斯洋俯冲过程中发生了垂向大陆地壳生长。  相似文献   

Intraseasonal oscillation of the southwest monsoon over Sri Lanka and evaluation of its subseasonal forecast skill          下载免费PDF全文

L.A.D.Buddika Bandurathna  Lu Wang  Xuan Zhou  Yifeng Cheng  Lin Chen 《大气和海洋科学快报》2021,14(6):7-13

斯里兰卡的雨季发生于5-9月间,主要受西南季风的控制.本文发现该地区的西南季风降水存在很强的次季节变率,主导周期为10-35天.降水的季节内变化与西传的异常气旋有关.进一步,利用S2S比较计划中欧洲中心的数值预报模式(ECMWF)提供的回报试验数据,评估了当今动力模式对斯里兰卡西南季风次季节变化的预报技巧.结果显示,对季风指数的预测技巧超过30天,而对降水指数的预测技巧大约两周,且模式的预报技巧具有明显的年际差异.分析表明,能否正确模拟出大尺度环流对热带对流的响应是影响斯里兰卡降水预测的重要因子.  相似文献   

Geology and Mineral Chemistry of Uranium- and Thorium-bearing Minerals in Rare-Metal (NYF) Pegmatites of Um Solimate,South Eastern Desert,Egypt     

Mohamed A. ALI  Ahmed E. ABDEL GAWAD  Mohamed M. GHONEIM 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(5):1568-1582

The garnet muscovite granitic pegmatite of Um Solimate, in southern Egypt, represents a promising asset for strategic and economic metals, especially Bi–Ni–Ag–Nb–Ta as well as U and Th. The ore bodies occur as large masses, pockets and/or veins of very coarse-grained pegmatites, which consist mainly of K-feldspar, quartz and albite with subordinate muscovite, garnet, and biotite. Radiometric data revealed that eU- and eTh-contents of the pegmatites reach up to 39 ppm and 82 ppm, respectively. The studied pegmatites are enriched in primary U and Th minerals (uraninite, coffinite, thorianite and uranothorite) as well as Hf-rich zircon and monazite, which give rise to anomalous radioactive zones. Niobium-tantalium-bearing minerals (i.e. ferrocolumbite, microlite and uranopyrochlore), xenotime, barite, galena, fluorite, and apatite are ubiquitous, and, consequently, the studied pegmatites belong tothe Niobium–Yttrium–Fluorine-type (NYF) family. The noble metal mineralization includes argentite (Ag2S), native Ni and Bi as well as bismite and bismoclite. In addition, beryl and tourmaline are observed in pegmatites near the contact with metasediments and ultramafic bodies. The observed compositional variations of Ta/(Ta+Nb) and Mn/(Mn+Fe) ratios in columbite (0.08–0.45 and 0.11–0.57, respectively) and Hf contents in zircon (3.54–6.46 wt%) may reflectan extreme degree of magmatic fractionation leading to formation of the pegmatite orebody.  相似文献