Spatial landslide susceptibility assessment using machine learning techniques assisted by additional data created with generative adversarial networks     

Husam A.H.Al-Najjar  Biswajeet Pradhan 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(2):625-637

In recent years,landslide susceptibility mapping has substantially improved with advances in machine learning.However,there are still challenges remain in landslide mapping due to the availability of limited inventory data.In this paper,a novel method that improves the performance of machine learning techniques is presented.The proposed method creates synthetic inventory data using Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)for improving the prediction of landslides.In this research,landslide inventory data of 156 landslide locations were identified in Cameron Highlands,Malaysia,taken from previous projects the authors worked on.Elevation,slope,aspect,plan curvature,profile curvature,total curvature,lithology,land use and land cover(LULC),distance to the road,distance to the river,stream power index(SPI),sediment transport index(STI),terrain roughness index(TRI),topographic wetness index(TWI)and vegetation density are geo-environmental factors considered in this study based on suggestions from previous works on Cameron Highlands.To show the capability of GANs in improving landslide prediction models,this study tests the proposed GAN model with benchmark models namely Artificial Neural Network(ANN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Decision Trees(DT),Random Forest(RF)and Bagging ensemble models with ANN and SVM models.These models were validated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUROC).The DT,RF,SVM,ANN and Bagging ensemble could achieve the AUROC values of(0.90,0.94,0.86,0.69 and 0.82)for the training;and the AUROC of(0.76,0.81,0.85,0.72 and 0.75)for the test,subsequently.When using additional samples,the same models achieved the AUROC values of(0.92,0.94,0.88,0.75 and 0.84)for the training and(0.78,0.82,0.82,0.78 and 0.80)for the test,respectively.Using the additional samples improved the test accuracy of all the models except SVM.As a result,in data-scarce environments,this research showed that utilizing GANs to generate supplementary samples is promising because it can improve the predictive capability of common landslide prediction models.  相似文献   

Timing of Proterozoic magmatism in the Sunsas belt,Bolivian Precambrian Shield,SW Amazonian Craton     

Ingrid M.Nedel  Reinhardt A.Fuck  Amarildo S.Ruiz  Gerardo R.Matos-Salinas  Alanielson da C.D.Ferreira 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):277-293

We present new U-Pb zircon and monazite ages from the Sunsas belt granitic magmatism in Bolivia,SW Amazonian Craton.The geochronological results revealed four major magmatic events recorded along the Sunsas belt domains.The older igneous event formed a granitic basement coeval to the Rio Apa Terrane(1.95-1.85 Ga)in the southern domain.The second magmatic episode is represented by 1.68 Ga granites associated to the Paraguá Terrane(1.69-1.66 Ga)in the northern domain.The 1.37-1.34 Ga granites related to San Ignacio orogeny represent the third and more pervasive magmatic event,recorded throughout the Sunsas belt.Moreover,magmatic ages of～1.42 Ga revealed that the granitogenesis asso-ciated to the Santa Helena orogeny also affected the Sunsas belt,indicating that it was not restricted to the Jauru Terrane.Lastly,the 1.10-1.04 Ga youngest magmatism was developed during the Sunsas oro-geny and represents the final magmatic evolution related to Rodinia assembly.Likewise,the 1.95-1.85 and 1.68 Ga inherited zircon cores obtained in the～1.3 Ga and 1.0 Ga granite samples suggest strong par-tial melting of the Paleoproterozoic sources.The 1079±14 Ma and 1018±6 Ma monazite crystallization ages can be correlated to the collisional tectono-thermal event of the Sunsas orogeny,associated to reac-tions of medium-to high-grade metamorphism.Thus,the Sunsas belt was built by heterogeneous 1.95-1.85 Ga and 1.68 Ga crustal fragments that were reworked at 1.37-1.34 Ga and 1.10-1.04 Ga related to orogenic collages.Furthermore,the 1.01 Ga monazite age suggests that granites previously dated by zir-con can bear evidence of a younger thermal history.Therefore,the geochronological evolution of the Sunsas belt may have been more complex than previously thought.  相似文献   

Brittleness index predictions from Lower Barnett Shale well-log data applying an optimized data matching algorithm at various sampling densities     

David A.Wood 《地学前缘(英文版)》2021,12(6):444-457

The capability of accurately predicting mineralogical brittleness index(BI)from basic suites of well logs is desir-able as it provides a useful indicator of the fracability of tight formations.Measuring mineralogical components in rocks is expensive and time consuming.However,the basic well log curves are not well correlated with BI so correlation-based,machine-learning methods are not able to derive highly accurate BI predictions using such data.A correlation-free,optimized data-matching algorithm is configured to predict BI on a supervised basis from well log and core data available from two published wells in the Lower Barnett Shale Formation(Texas).This transparent open box(TOB)algorithm matches data records by calculating the sum of squared errors be-tween their variables and selecting the best matches as those with the minimum squared errors.It then applies optimizers to adjust weights applied to individual variable errors to minimize the root mean square error(RMSE)between calculated and predicted(BI).The prediction accuracy achieved by TOB using just five well logs(Gr,pb,Ns,Rs,Dt)to predict BI is dependent on the density of data records sampled.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.5 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.056 and R2～0.790.At a sampling density of about one sample per 0.1 ft BI is predicted with RMSE～0.008 and R2～0.995.Adding a stratigraphic height index as an additional(sixth)input variable method improves BI prediction accuracy to RMSE～0.003 and R2～0.999 for the two wells with only 1 record in 10,000 yielding a BI prediction error of＞±0.1.The model has the potential to be applied in an unsupervised basis to predict BI from basic well log data in surrounding wells lacking mineralogical measure-ments but with similar lithofacies and burial histories.The method could also be extended to predict elastic rock properties in and seismic attributes from wells and seismic data to improve the precision of brittleness index and fracability mapping spatially.  相似文献   

锡石—硅酸盐—硫化物矿脉原生晕中的碘—隐伏矿体的指示元素     

A.C.пeTPOB  张维 《物探化探译丛》1990,(1):59-62

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在波数域上磁力梯度数据的解释     

Aina.  A 黄树荣 《物探化探译丛》1990,(2):1-14

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金在土壤中的存在形式及其预测意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H.A.罗斯利亚科夫 《黄金地质科技》1990,(1):32-37

本文介绍了应用已知方法分离土壤（金含量由克拉克值水平到够矿石品位）中各种存在形式的金。查明金以自然金粒、矿物残留物和腐黑物的混入物、金富里酸和金胡敏酸络合物以及AuCI^-、Au(CIOH)^-、Au(OH)2^-类无机络合物等形式存在于土壤中，对隐伏金矿床来说，金在土壤中的各种存在形式呈带状分布，建议在为预测目的而解释弱地球化学异常时予以利用。  相似文献   

对金矿地球物理勘查的回顾     

金伊尔  A 张义彬 《黄金地质科技》1990,(4):57-60

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非均匀孔隙介质中的弥散作用——(2)层状二维空间间断系统的预报     

O.A.Plumb  S.witater  李生彩 《世界地质》1990,(1)

第一部分(Plumb和whitaker,本期)提出的闭合法对层状系统和二维空间间断系统进行了求解,其中我们所说的w和η区形成了在空间分布的孔隙介质。闭合法问题的解使我们得到确定大范围弥散张量所需要的数据和解大范围弥散方程所需要的另外一些参数。层状系统的理论结果展示的纵向弥散系数与利用室内视均质孔隙介质根据传统关系式所得到的纵向弥散系数相比要增大几个数量级。对于这种情况的研究,混合时间—空间系数看来是重要的,而且能够引起弥散系数增大的条件该系数值也增大。二维空间间断系统的结果与实验观测是一致的,而且我们发现非均匀性的规模和两个区之间的水力传导系数的差别对大范围弥散张量具有重要影响。正如层状介质情况那样,时间—空间混合导数(不对称向量)的系数的预测值表明该项可能是非均质孔隙介质的物质运移预报的一个重要的因子。  相似文献   

石油和天然气地球化学普查的科学原理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B.A.索科洛夫  邱郁文 《世界地质》1990,(3)

石油和天然气地球化学普查方法,是以利用含油气性的各种地球化学标志或地球化学指标为依据的。由于油气藏的各组分及与其相伴生的物质的迁移作用,在油气藏上方直至地表的岩层中,以及这些岩层所含的水中均可以观察到含油气性的地球化学标志。气体测量是第一种油气地球化学普查方法,而气测领域内的工作在苏联始于本世纪  相似文献   

断层控制的海洋吉尔伯特型扇三角洲     

Colel.  A 郑秀才 《国外地质与勘测》1990,(1):6-10

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