Classification and regression tree theory application for assessment of building damage caused by surface deformation     

Agnieszka Malinowska 《Natural Hazards》2014,73(2):317-334

A framework of applying the classification and regression tree theory (CART) for assessing the concrete building damage, caused by surface deformation, is proposed. The prognosis methods used for approximated building hazard estimation caused by continuous deformation are unsatisfactory. Variable local soil condition, changing intensity of the continuous deformation and variable resistance of the concrete buildings require the prognosis method adapted to the local condition. Terrains intensely induced by surface deformation are build-up with hundreds of building, so the method of their hazard estimation needs to be approximated and relatively fast. Therefore, promising might be addressing problems of reliable building damage risk assessment by application of classification and regression tree. The presented method based on the classification and regression tree theory enables to establish the most significant risk factors causing the building damage. Chosen risk factors underlie foundation for the concrete building damage prognosis method, which was caused by the surface continuous deformation. The established method enabled to assess the severity of building damage and was adapted to the local condition. High accuracy of shown approach is validated based on the independent data set of the buildings from the similar region. The research presented introduces the CART to determination of the risk of building damage with the emphasis on the grade of the building damage. Since presented method bases on the observations of the damages from the previous subsidence, the method might be applied to any local condition, where the previous subsidence is known.  相似文献   

祁连山木里冻土区天然气水合物地球化学异常成因分析     

杨志斌  周亚龙  普嘎 《物探化探计算技术》2014,(6)

在祁连山木里天然气水合物发现区,进行水合物地球化学勘查方法技术试验,试验结果表明:水合物发现区浅表土壤层,具有明显的深部热解气成因的烃类气体异常。地球化学测井剖面研究显示:在深层冻土中烃类气体以渗滤作用为主进行垂向运移,达到近地表土壤层中则以扩散作用向上迁移,最终在浅表沉积物中形成地球化学异常。  相似文献   

Modelling hydraulic and capillary-driven two-phase fluid flow in unsaturated concretes at the meso-scale with a unique coupled DEM-CFD technique     

Marek Krzaczek  Michał Nitka  Jacek Tejchman 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2023,47(1):23-53

The goal of the research was to demonstrate the impact of thin porous interfacial transition zones (ITZs) between aggregates and cement matrix on fluid flow in unsaturated concrete caused by hydraulic/capillary pressure. To demonstrate this impact, a novel coupled approach to simulate the two-phase (water and moist air) flow of hydraulically and capillary-driven fluid in unsaturated concrete was developed. By merging the discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) under isothermal settings, the process was numerically studied at the meso-scale in two-dimensional conditions. A flow network was used to describe fluid behaviour in a continuous domain between particles. Small concrete specimens of a simplified particle mesostructure were subjected to fully coupled hydro-mechanical simulation tests. A simple uniaxial compression test was used to calibrate the pure DEM represented by bonded spheres, while a permeability and sorptivity test for an assembly of spheres was used to calibrate the pure CFD. For simplified specimens of the pure cement matrix, cement matrix with aggregate, and cement matrix with aggregate and ITZ of a given thickness, DEM/CFD simulations were performed sequentially. The numerical results of permeability and sorptivity were directly compared to the data found in the literature. A satisfactory agreement was achieved. Porous ITZs in concrete were found to reduce sorption by slowing the capillary-driven fluid flow, and to speed the full saturation of pores when sufficiently high hydraulic water pressures were dominant.  相似文献   

青藏高原夏季降水的水汽分布特征   总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

卓嘎  徐祥德等 《气象科学》2002,22(1):1-8

本文利用青藏高原上夏季降水资料以及NCEP再分析资料，分析了高原上夏季降水与邻近地区水汽输送的相互关系。结果发现，高原夏季降水与春季的水汽分布关系比降水与同期的关系更为密切，最明显的相关区位于南海－云贵高原－孟加拉湾一带以及帕米尔高原地区。青藏高原降水典型旱、涝年的水汽分布具有相反的特征。追踪最主要的水汽中心发现，水汽是从阿拉伯海一带逐渐向东移，然后再从高原的东南部进入高原。这种现象可能与索马里越赤道气流有关。  相似文献