Wave moment geodynamics     

Alexandr V. Vikulin  Tatiana Yu. Tveritinova  Alexandr G. Ivanchin 《Acta Geophysica》2013,61(2):245-263

The work presents a review of natural-science representations on the rotary motion of matter and its piecewise structure. Development of dense GPS-networks allowed to experimentally confirm the concept of block structures of the geophysical environment and to prove rotary character of block movement. An analysis of both the migration of earthquake sources and the movement of sections of tectonic plates’ borders has allowed to reveal general properties of such movements and to prove their wave nature. It is shown that within the limits of rotational model, blocks and plates are interconnected among themselves by the elastic long-range fields forming a uniform planetary geodynamic field. It is offered to use the geodynamic solutions of rotational model in the one class of phenomena as a basis at the construction of a new geological paradigm — wave moment geodynamics.  相似文献   

Galactic cosmic rays-clouds effect and bifurcation model of the Earth global climate. Part 1. Theory     

Vitaliy D. Rusov  Alexandr V. Glushkov  Vladimir N. Vaschenko  Оksana T. Myhalus  Yuriy A. Bondartchuk  Vladimir P. Smolyar  Elena P. Linnik  Strachimir Cht. Mavrodiev  Boyko I. Vachev 《Journal of Atmospheric and Solar》2010,72(5-6):398-408

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Global warming mitigation by sulphur loading in the stratosphere: dependence of required emissions on allowable residual warming rate     

Alexey V. Eliseev  Alexandr V. Chernokulsky  Andrey A. Karpenko  Igor I. Mokhov 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,101(1-2):67-81

An approach to mitigate global warming via sulphur loading in the stratosphere (geoengineering) is studied, employing a large ensemble of numerical experiments with the climate model of intermediate complexity IAP RAS CM. The model is forced by the historical+SRES A1B anthropogenic greenhouse gases+tropospheric sulphates scenario for 1860–2100 with additional sulphur emissions in the stratosphere in the twenty-first century. Different ensemble members are constructed by varying values of the parameters governing mass, horizontal distribution and radiative forcing of the stratospheric sulphates. It is obtained that, given a global loading of the sulphates in the stratosphere, among those studied in this paper latitudinal distributions of geoengineering aerosols, the most efficient one at the global basis is that peaked between 50°N and 70°N and with a somewhat smaller burden in the tropics. Uniform latitudinal distribution of stratospheric sulphates is a little less efficient. Sulphur emissions in the stratosphere required to stop the global temperature at the level corresponding to the mean value for 2000–2010 amount to more than 10 TgS/year in the year 2100. These emissions may be reduced if some warming is allowed to occur in the twenty-first century. For instance, if the global temperature trend S _g in every decade of this century is limited not to exceed 0.10 K/decade (0.15 K/decade), geoengineering emissions of 4–14 TgS/year (2–7 TgS/year) would be sufficient. Even if the global warming is stopped, temperature changes in different regions still occur with a magnitude up to 1 K. Their horizontal pattern depends on implied latitudinal distribution of stratospheric sulphates. In addition, for the stabilised global mean surface air temperature, global precipitation decreases by about 10%. If geoengineering emissions are stopped after several decades of implementation, their climatic effect is removed within a few decades. In this period, surface air temperature may grow with a rate of several Kelvins per decade. The results obtained with the IAP RAS CM are further interpreted employing a globally averaged energy–balance climate model. With the latter model, an analytical estimate for sulphate aerosol emissions in the stratosphere required climate mitigation is obtained. It is shown that effective vertical localisation of the imposed radiative forcing is important for geoengineering efficiency.  相似文献   

Electron acceleration in the ionosphere of Io     

V. V. Zaitsev  V. E. Shaposhnikov  H. O. Rucker 《Astronomy Reports》2003,47(8):701-708

A mechanism for the acceleration of electrons in the ionosphere of Io due to the moon's motion through the Jovian magnetic field and the presence of Io's ionosphere is considered. Attention is drawn to the important role of the anisotropic conductivity of the ionosphere, which results in the formation of a longitudinal (with respect to the planetary magnetic field) component of the charge-separation electric field. Owing to this anisotropy, the electric field induced by the motion of Io, E_i, produces in Io's ionosphere not only a Pedersen electrical current along E_i but also a Hall current that is approximately perpendicular to the moon's surface in the “upstream” and “downstream” parts of the ionosphere. However, this current cannot be closed through the surface, leading to the formation of a powerful charge-separation field in Io's ionosphere. This field has a component parallel to the magnetic field, with an amplitude comparable to that of the induced electric field. Electron runaway along the magnetic field is also considered, and the occurrence of “active longitudes” and preferred locations for the sources of decametric radio emission in the northern hemisphere of Jupiter are interpreted. The characteristic energies and fluxes of the accelerated electrons injected into Io's flux tube are estimated. The energy of these electron fluxes is sufficient to produce the electromagnetic radiation observed from Io's magnetic tube.  相似文献   

Mathematical Modeling of Complex Reaches of Large River Channels     

Belikov  V. V.  Zaitsev  A. A.  Militeev  A. N. 《Water Resources》2002,29(6):643-650

Mathematical models based on shallow water equations and on an equation of bed deformations are proposed to use in designing hydraulic structures and in channel straightening operations in large rivers. Specific examples of application of computer models are cited.  相似文献   

Geochronology and Ore Mineralization of the Dzheltula Alkaline Massif (Aldan Shield,South Yakutia)     

I. R. Prokopyev  A. A. Kravchenko  A. I. Ivanov  A. S. Borisenko  A. V. Ponomarchuk  A. I. Zaitsev  E. A. Kardash  A. A. Rozhkov 《Russian Journal of Pacific Geology》2018,12(1):34-45

The Dzheltula alkaline massif is located in the Tyrkanda ore region of the Chara–Aldan metallogenic zone of the Aldan–Stanovy Shield (South Yakutia). The region contains separate placer gold objects, which are being explored at the present time, and ore-bearing Mesozoic alkaline intrusions, which are weakly studied due to their poor accessibility. The Dzheltula massif (DM) is the largest exposed multiple-ring intrusion within the Tyrkanda ore region; therefore, it is considered as a typical object for geological, petrological, geochronological, and metallogenic studies. The DM consists of five magmatic phases of syenite composition. ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar dating has established that the crystallization age of the oldest phase, the leucocratic syenite porphyry (pulaskite), is 121.1 ± 1.3 Ma. The crystallization age of the cross-cutting phases represented by syenite–porphyry dikes (laurvikites and pulaskites) ranges from 120.1 ± 2 to 118.3 ± 2.1 Ma. The youngest phase of the massif, trachyte, crystallized at 115.5 ± 1.6 Ma. According to the mineralogical and geochemical studies, two types of ore mineralization, namely gold and uranium–thorium–rare-earth (U–Th–REE), are established within the DM. The gold mineralization was found in the quartz–chlorite–pyritized metasomatites. It is confined to the NNE- and NNW-trending fault zones and coincides with the strike of the syenite porphyry dike belt. Uranium–thorium–rare-earth mineralization has been established in the quartz–feldspathic metasomatites localized in the outer contact of the massif. The juxtaposition of mineralization of different types in some zones of the Dzheltula syenite massif significantly increases the ore potential of the studied object within the Tyrkanda ore region.  相似文献   

A Molecular-Electronic Hydrophone for Low-Frequency Research of Ambient Noise in the World Ocean     

Zaitsev  D. L.  Avdyukhina  S. Y.  Agafonov  V. M.  Bugaev  A. S.  Egorov  E. V. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,483(2):1579-1581

Doklady Earth Sciences - This work is devoted to the problems of elaboration of the instrumental basis for low-frequency sensing of ambient noise of the ocean. The experimental data of testing of...  相似文献   

Comparison of mm-wave and X-ray diagnostics of flare plasma     

S. Urpo  N. M. Bakhareva  V. V. Zaitsev  A. V. Stepanov 《Solar physics》1994,154(2):317-334

To compare mm-wave and X-ray diagnostics of solar flare plasma, five flares observed in 1980–1991 in Metsähovi at 22 and 37 GHz and with GOES, SMM, and GRO are studied. The first impulsive peak of the mm-wave bursts under investigation coincides in time with hard X-ray emission. The second gradual component in mm-wave emission coincides with the maximum of the soft X-ray emission measure. The bremsstrahlung mm-wave radiation from hot chromospheric plasma and gyrosynchrotron radiation driven by common population of superthermal electrons are calculated. It is shown that for mm-wave events with the first peak intensity 100 s.f.u., the thermal bremsstrahlung is more important than the gyrosynchrotron emission. The total energy of fast electrons deduced from the first peak of mm-wave bursts is one to two orders of magnitude less than that determined from the hard X-ray emission in the approximation of a thick-target nonthermal model. That can testify in favour of the hybrid thermal/nonthermal model proposed by Holman and Benka (1992). The emission measure and the energy of evaporated plasma using both mm-wave and soft X-ray data are also determined. For events investigated here the energy of evaporated chromospheric plasma is larger than the total energy of fast electron beams. We have concluded that, for evaporation, additional energy release in the chromosphere is needed. The possibility of such energy release in the framework of an advanced circuit model for solar flares is discussed.  相似文献   

Calcite and dolomite in intrusive carbonatites. I. Textural variations     

Anton R. Chakhmouradian  Ekaterina P. Reguir  Anatoly N. Zaitsev 《Mineralogy and Petrology》2016,110(2-3):333-360

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The Nevelsk tsunami on August 2, 2007: Instrumental data and numerical modeling     

A. I. Zaitsev  D. P. Kovalev  A. A. Kurkin  B. W. Levin  E. N. Pelinovsky  A. G. Chernov  A. Yalciner 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2008,421(1):867-870

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