台湾海峡中气旋结构特征的单多普勒雷达分析   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2  

赵坤  周仲岛  潘玉洁  葛文忠 《气象学报》2008,66(4):637-651

2004年9月10日傍晚,在台湾北部海面大范围中尺度对流雨带中有一钩状回波并伴随中气旋.受台湾东北部和西南部海面两个热带低压系统的环流影响,海峡北部海面有一大尺度的风切辐合带,为中气旋发展提供了有利环境.文中利用台湾地区北部民用航空局中正机场多普勒雷达资料,分析中气旋特征,结果显示此中气旋由低层形成随后向上发展,最高可达8 km以上,内核直径先是低层大中层小,随后中层扩大与低层接近成圆柱状,之后快速减弱,整个过程约2 h.进一步用地基雷达风速轨迹显示法(GBVTD)反演中气旋成熟期间的环流结构变化,结果显示在分析期间,最大风半径维持在5-6 km,且随时间在高度分布由向内倾斜转化为无明显倾斜再到向外倾斜.轴对称径向风先在低层最大风速半径以内有外流,以外有内流,在最大风速半径处为上升运动区并伴随强回波,而在气旋中心附近为下沉运动区.随后气旋中心回波和下沉运动均逐渐增强,同时低层外流增强并扩散至最大风速半径外,相应的上升运动和强回波也移至最大风速半径外.切向风先呈现波数1的非对称结构,最大风速区位于气旋移动的左侧,且随高度有沿逆时针方向旋转的现象,随后显著增强,分布趋于对称,最大轴对称切向风达20 m/s位于约1 km高度.此后切向风速逐渐减弱,同时波数1非对称结构又有加强的趋势,最大风速区位于移动方向左前侧.中气旋发展过程和结构同其他地区观测的非超级单体微气旋非常相似,其成熟期环流特征同台风结构也非常类似,不同之处在于其中心下沉运动及低层外流为降水所造成,且尺度和生命期均远小于台风.  相似文献   

Investigation of sulphate origins in the Jeffara aquifer, southeastern Tunisia: A geochemical approach     

SAMIR KAMEL  MOHAMED BEN CHELBI  YOUNES JEDOUI 《Journal of Earth System Science》2013,122(1):15-28

  相似文献   

基于Pope-Hinsken算法的空间后方交会     

贲进  童晓冲  闾海庆 《测绘学院学报》2011,(1)

分析了Pope-Hinsken(P-H)算法的基本原理,将其应用于大角度影像的空间后方交会,给出了误差方程和计算方案,并通过对比实验加以验证。结果表明:1)在空间后方交会中采用单位四元数构造旋转矩阵可显著降低算法的初值敏感性;2)与同类方案相比,该方案具有误差方程更简洁、收敛性更强的特点;3)该方案的解算精度与现有方案一致,稳定可靠。  相似文献   

基于Pope-Hinsken算法的空间后方交会   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贲进  童晓冲  闾海庆 《测绘科学技术学报》2011,28(1):37-41

分析了Pope-Hinsken(P-H)算法的基本原理,将其应用于大角度影像的空间后方交会,给出了误差方程和计算方案,并通过对比实验加以验证。结果表明:1)在空间后方交会中采用单位四元数构造旋转矩阵可显著降低算法的初值敏感性;2)与同类方案相比,该方案具有误差方程更简洁、收敛性更强的特点;3)该方案的解算精度与现有方案一致,稳定可靠。  相似文献   

False anomaly recognition with horizontal differential field lines method in high-density electrical technique and its application in Xinlei Quarry,Jiuquan     

LIU Lijia  ZHU Shi  CAO Xiaoyue  BEN Fang  YIN Changchun 《世界地质(英文版)》2015,18(2)

As an important geophysical tool,high density electrical technique infers the underground geological structures by processing and inverting the apparent resistivity data.Currently,the false anomalies have been frequently occurred in the graph of apparent resistivity pseudo-section or inverted geoelectrical section obtained from high-density electrical technique,and are difficult to remove.In this study,the authors explain the mechanism of the false anomalies and put forward the horizontal differential field method to identify the false anomalies.Based on the analysis of modeling results,this method is applied in the surveying data in Xinlei Quarry of Jiuquan,and the results confirm the effectiveness of the horizontal differential field method.  相似文献   

全球多分辨率六边形网格剖分及地址编码规则     

童晓冲  贲进  张永生 《测绘学报》2007,36(4):428-435

首先介绍全球网格系统的应用需求,讨论采用正多面体剖分的基本要素。在此基础上,提出一种新型的便于存储,具有多分辨率层次索引、管理能力的六边形剖分全球网格系统的设计思路、产生步骤和生成算法。分析现有六边形索引机制的缺陷,给出一种新的球面六边形网格层次结构,在该结构的基础上设计网格的层次化编码方式,成功建立网格的编码空间,详细探讨经纬度坐标与网格地址编码的转换问题,给出并实现基于递归层次离散网格坐标系统的互换算法,严格保证计算的准确性和可靠性。该结构能够无缝地表达和处理不同分辨率的全球网格空间数据。  相似文献   

Simulated climate conditions in Europe during the Marine Isotope Stage 3 stadial     

ERIK KJELLSTRÖM  JENNY BRANDEFELT  JENS‐OVE NÄSLUND  BEN SMITH  GUSTAV STRANDBERG  ANTJE H. L. VOELKER  BARBARA WOHLFARTH 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2010,39(2):436-456

Kjellström, E., Brandefelt, J., Näslund, J.‐O., Smith, B., Strandberg, G., Voelker, A. H. L. & Wohlfarth, B. 2010: Simulated climate conditions in Europe during the Marine Isotope Stage 3 stadial. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2010.00143.x. ISSN 0300‐9483. State‐of‐the‐art climate models were used to simulate climate conditions in Europe during Greenland Stadial (GS) 12 at 44 ka BP. The models employed for these simulations were: (i) a fully coupled atmosphere–ocean global climate model (AOGCM), and (ii) a regional atmospheric climate model (RCM) to dynamically downscale results from the global model for a more detailed investigation of European climate conditions. The vegetation was simulated off‐line by a dynamic vegetation model forced by the climate from the RCM. The resulting vegetation was then compared with the a priori vegetation used in the first simulation. In a subsequent step, the RCM was rerun to yield a new climate more consistent with the simulated vegetation. Forcing conditions included orbital forcing, land–sea distribution, ice‐sheet configuration, and atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations representative for 44 ka BP. The results show a cold climate on the global scale, with global annual mean surface temperatures 5 °C colder than the modern climate. This is still significantly warmer than temperatures derived from the same model system for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Regional, northern European climate is much colder than today, but still significantly warmer than during the LGM. Comparisons between the simulated climate and proxy‐based sea‐surface temperature reconstructions show that the results are in broad agreement, albeit with a possible cold bias in parts of the North Atlantic in summer. Given a prescribed restricted Marine Isotope Stage 3 ice‐sheet configuration, with large ice‐free regions in Sweden and Finland, the AOGCM and RCM model simulations produce a cold and dry climate in line with the restricted ice‐sheet configuration during GS 12. The simulated temperature climate, with prescribed ice‐free conditions in south‐central Fennoscandia, is favourable for the development of permafrost, but does not allow local ice‐sheet formation as all snow melts during summer.  相似文献   

Variation in Metamorphic Style along the Northern Margin of the Damara Orogen, Namibia   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

GOSCOMBE  BEN; GRAY  DAVID; HAND  MARTIN 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(6):1261-1295

The northern margin of the Inland Branch of the Pan-AfricanDamara Orogen in Namibia shows dramatic along-strike variationin metamorphic character during convergence between the Congoand Kalahari Cratons (M₃ metamorphic cycle). Low-P contact metamorphismwith anticlockwise P–T paths dominates in the westerndomains (Ugab Zone and western Northern Zone), and high-P Barrovianmetamorphism with a clockwise P–T path is documented fromthe easternmost domain (eastern Northern Zone). The sequenceof M₃ mineral growth in contact aureoles shows early growthof cordierite porphyroblasts that were pseudomorphed to biotite–chlorite–muscoviteat the same time as an andalusite–biotite–muscovitetransposed foliation was developed in the matrix. The peak-Tmetamorphic assemblages and fabrics were overprinted by crenulationsand retrograde chlorite–muscovite. The KFMASH P–Tpseudosection for metapelites in the Ugab Zone and western NorthernZone contact aureoles indicates tight anticlockwise P–Tloops through peak metamorphic conditions of 540–570°Cand 2·5–3·2 kbar. These semi-quantitativeP–T loops are consistent with average P–T calculationsusing THERMOCALC, which give a pooled mean of 556 ± 26°Cand 3·2 ± 0·6 kbar, indicating a high averagethermal gradient of 50°C/km. In contrast, the eastern NorthernZone experienced deep burial, high-P/moderate-T Barrovian M₃metamorphism with an average thermal gradient of 21°C/kmand peak metamorphic conditions of c. 635°C and 8·7kbar. The calculated P–T pseudosection and garnet compositionalisopleths in KFMASH, appropriate for the metapelite sample fromthis region, document a clockwise P–T path. Early plagioclase–kyanite–biotiteparageneses evolved by plagioclase consumption and the growthof garnet to increasing X_Fe, X_Mg and X_Ca and decreasing X_Mncompositions, indicating steep burial with heating. The developedkyanite–garnet–biotite peak metamorphic parageneseswere followed by the resorption of garnet and formation of plagioclasemoats, indicating decompression, which was followed by retrogressivecooling and chlorite–muscovite growth. The clockwise P–Tloop is consistent with the foreland vergent fold–thrustbelt geometry in this part of the northern margin. Earlier formed(580–570 Ma) pervasive matrix foliations (M₂) were overprintedby contact metamorphic parageneses (M₃) in the aureoles of 530± 3 Ma granites in the Ugab Zone and 553–514 Magranites in the western Northern Zone. Available geochronologicaldata suggest that convergence between the Congo and KalahariCratons was essentially coeval in all parts of the northernmargin, with similar ages of 535–530 Ma for the main phaseof deformation in the eastern Northern Zone and Northern Platformand 538–505 Ma high-grade metamorphism of the CentralZone immediately to the south. Consequently, NNE–SSW-directedconvergent deformation and associated M₃ metamorphism of contrastingstyles are interpreted to be broadly contemporaneous along thelength of the northern margin of the Inland Branch. In the westheat transfer was dominated by conduction and externally drivenby granites, whereas in the east heat transfer was dominatedby advection and internally driven radiogenic heat production.The ultimate cause was along-orogen variation in crustal architecture,including thickness of the passive margin lithosphere and thicknessof the overlying sedimentary succession. KEY WORDS: Pan-African Orogeny; P–T paths; pseudosections; low-P metamorphism; contact metamorphism; Barrovian metamorphism  相似文献   

WebGIS技术在动态监测北京市绿化隔离地区建设中的应用研究     

刘忠卿  杨伯钢  任海英  冯仲科 《测绘通报》2008,(2):48-51

通过分析北京市绿化隔离地区现状和数据源,结合ArcIMS,ASP.NET和数据库技术,提出一种应用WebGIS技术进行绿化数据动态监测的新方法。得出实现动态监测北京市绿化隔离地区建设现状的应用系统的技术方案,建立了动态监测管理信息系统,实现了北京市绿化隔离地区的动态监测、动态管理和各种统计分析。为管理部门从宏观上掌握北京市绿化隔离地区的建设现状和变化情况提供服务,同时为规划、建设、评估等各个环节提供实时、准确的信息。  相似文献   

基于全球离散网格框架的局部网格划分   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

童晓冲  贲进  秦志远  张永生 《测绘学报》2009,38(6)

从全球离散网格系统的应用需求出发,分析全球框架下建立局部网格的重要性,在此基础上提出全球离散网格系统下同构化的局部网格生成的基本思路,详细分析局部网格的复杂球面边界问题,从点与球面三角形的位置关系入手,讨论点与任意球面多边形的相对位置关系,研究基于球面任意多边形的边缘简化算法、判断点与球面任意多边形相互关系的算法、考虑跨面问题的网格区域裁减以及网格数据的层次生成算法.通过实验证明这些方法的效率和准确性.

Abstract：

Firstly, the paper analyzed the essentiality of generating partial grids based on the application and requirement of discrete global grid systems. And then, we brought forward the fundermental thought of generating partial grid which is under the discrete global grid frame, and discussed the detailed edge problems of partial highprecision grid. Started with the ubiety between a point and a spherical triangle, we discussed the ubiety between a point and a spherical random polygon, and then edge simplifying algorithm of spherical random polygon are studied, as well as co-relationship between points and spherical random polygon, grid district clipping based on spanning the developed surface and grid data hierarchical creating algorithm. In the end we prove exactness and efficiency of the algorithm through the experiments.  相似文献