Handling dip discrimination phenomenon in common‐reflection‐surface stack via combination of output‐imaging‐scheme and migration/demigration     

Kai Yang  Bao‐shu Chen  Xiao‐jiang Wang  Xiao‐chun Yang  Jun‐rong Liu 《Geophysical Prospecting》2012,60(2):255-269

In the application of a conventional common‐reflection‐surface (CRS) stack, it is well‐known that only one optimum stacking operator is determined for each zero‐offset sample to be simulated. As a result, the conflicting dip situations are not taken into account and only the most prominent event contributes to any a particular stack sample. In this paper, we name this phenomenon caused by conflicting dip problems as ‘dip discrimination phenomenon’. This phenomenon is not welcome because it not only leads to the loss of weak reflections and tips of diffractions in the final zero‐offset‐CRS stacked section but also to a deteriorated quality in subsequent migration. The common‐reflection‐surface stack with the output imaging scheme (CRS‐OIS) is a novel technique to implement a CRS stack based on a unified Kirchhoff imaging approach. As far as dealing with conflicting dip problems is concerned, the CRS‐OIS is a better option than a conventional CRS stack. However, we think the CRS‐OIS can do more in this aspect. In this paper, we propose a workflow to handle the dip discrimination phenomenon based on a cascaded implementation of prestack time migration, CRS‐OIS and prestack time demigration. Firstly, a common offset prestack time migration is implemented. Then, a CRS‐OIS is applied to the time‐migrated common offset gather. Afterwards, a prestack time demigration is performed to reconstruct each unmigrated common offset gather with its reflections being greatly enhanced and diffractions being well preserved. Compared with existing techniques dealing with conflicting dip problems, the technique presented in this paper preserves most of the diffractions and accounts for reflections from all possible dips properly. More importantly, both the post‐stacked data set and prestacked data set can be of much better quality after the implementation of the presented scheme. It serves as a promising alternative to other techniques except that it cannot provide the typical CRS wavefield attributes. The numerical tests on a synthetic Marmousi data set and a real 2D marine data set demonstrated its effectiveness and robustness.  相似文献   

白茨生物学特性     

李爱国  包玉贞 《中国沙漠》1989,9(4):46-51

白茨: 属蒺藜科, 白茨属, 是我国古老的乡土沙生植物种。在内蒙古自治区有四种: 1.小果白茨 2.白茨 3.大白茨 4.球果白茨 白茨在亚州中部旱生区系中, 它是古老的第三纪残遗种。是沙漠、半沙漠区域建群植物种之一。是优良的并具有较高经济价值的固沙植物。经研究: 白茨具有较强的耐旱性, 耐热性, 耐瘠薄, 耐沙漠、抗风蚀的特性。在脆弱的生态环境中, 积极保护天然野生的自然资源, 大量培育和发展白茨对固定流沙, 资源开发与利用将起到重要作用。  相似文献   

赤峰市人体舒适度评价及指数预报   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

胡桂杰  包云辉  王倩  闫新颖  王小平 《内蒙古气象》2010,(1):32-34

人体舒适度就是在不特意采取任何防寒保暖或防暑降温措施的前提下,人们在自然环境中是否感觉舒适及其达到怎样一种程度的具体描述。人体舒适度也叫做"舒适指数",是对"舒适"进行数字化定义,用来反映不同的温度、湿度、风、日照等气象环境下人体的舒适感觉。文章从气象角度来评价赤峰地区在不同气候条件下人的舒适感,查找影响舒适度的主要气象因子,并制作不同气象环境下人体的舒适指数预报。  相似文献   

高速铁路硅藻土路基工程现场综合试验研究     

韩建文  刘宝  王飞  杨明雨  陶明安 《岩土力学》2020,41(12):4063-4072

以新建杭绍台铁路通过浙江嵊州及新昌硅藻土地区为研究背景,基于单桩静载、边坡降雨、复合地基承载性能、基床原位激振等现场试验,研究了不同桩型加固硅藻土地基的适宜性、降雨条件下硅藻土边坡变形特性和防护措施、硅藻土桩筏复合地基特性以及基床动力特性。结果表明：CFG桩、素混凝土桩及钢筋混凝土桩适用于硅藻土地基加固,而螺杆桩由于存在挤土效应、高压旋喷桩成桩效果较差不适用;干湿循环作用下硅藻土自然边坡易形成网状裂隙导致浅层稳定性不足,拱形骨架对硅藻土边坡有较好的防护效果,而锚杆框架梁由于钻孔施工易导致硅藻土软化,不适用于硅藻土边坡防护;CFG和素混凝土桩复合地基能够满足硅藻土路基变形控制要求,且素混凝土桩筏结构整体性更好;基床结构中设置毛细防排水板具有良好的防排水效果,保证了水份能够及时排出,避免对基床和硅藻土地基不利影响。  相似文献   

塔里木河流域土地利用监测适宜尺度选择方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵金  陈曦  包安明  张超  史婉丽 《地理学报(英文版)》2009,19(3):340-350

Optimal scale is one of the important issues in ecology and geography. Based on land-use data of the Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang of China in the 1950s, regarding the area of land use types as the parameter in scale selecting, the histograms of the patches in area are charted. Then, by reinforcing the normalized scale variances (NSV) with 3 landscape indices, the scale characteristics of land use in the Tarim River Basin can be summarized. (1) NSV in the Tarim River up to a maximum at scale of 1:50,000 which is considered appropriate for the Tarim River. (2) Diversity indices of saline land are consistent with NSV’s. Diversity indices and NSV of sandy land showed that the appropriate scale is in the same scale domain. There is a significant difference between diversity indices and NSV of forestland and shrubland. (3) Fractal dimension of sandy land and saline land showed a hierarchical structure at a scale of 1:10,000. Fractal dimension of forestland and shrubland are distributed under the same hierarchical structure in the region. Foundation: National Natural Science Foundation of China, No.40571030; No.40730633 Author: Zhao Jin (1980–), Ph.D, specialized in study of scale effect.  相似文献   

安徽省数字化形变仪器及观测资料的综合分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

鲍从民  王雪莹  尹传兵  李惊生  李志平 《地震地磁观测与研究》2009,30(4):47-54

从仪器运行情况,影响形变观测的主要因素,观测精度和映震能力等方面,对安徽省淮北,泾县,泗县数字化形变观测台站的监测能力进行了综合分析,得到了安徽省数字化形变前兆观测的基本情况,对安徽省形变台网观测资料的应用和未来台站建设具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

The relationship between methylated chromans and maturity of organic matter in the source rocks from Jianghan hypersaline basin     

JianPing Bao  CuiShan Zhu  AnLai Ma 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2009,52(1):34-41

The distribution, the relative composition, and their variation of methylated chromans (MTTC) with maturation of organic matter in the source rocks from Mingjia 1 well, Jianghan hypersaline basin, have been analyzed and studied. There is a close relationship between the distribution of methylatd chromans and paleosalinity of depositional environment. In the Eq ₁–Eq ₃ source rocks deposited under hypersaline environment with lower Pr/Ph ratio, higher gammacerane index and abundant organic sulfur-containing compounds, methyl MTTC and dimethyl MTTC are main components, but in the Eq ₄ source rocks deposited non-hypersaline environment with relatively higher Pr/Ph ratio, lower gammacerane index and organic sulfur-containing compounds, trimethyl MTTC is a major compound in methylate chromans. Obviously, the distributions and the compositions of methylated chromans in the source rocks are in harmony with biomarker indicators indicating the paleaosalinity and redox of depositional environment. The relationship between the ratio of 5,8-dimethyl MTTC to 7,8-dimethyl MTTC (dimethyl MTTC ratio) and the maturity of organic matter in the source rocks from Mingjia 1 well has been discussed. The results show that dimethyl MTTC ratio increased with the burial depth and the maturation of organic matter in the source rocks, especially in immature level. It is noteworthy that this ratio is very susceptible to small variation in the maturity of organic matter in the source rocks when vitrinite reflectance R _o is less than 0.65%. It may imply that this ratio is a good and susceptible aromatic maturity indicator for the relative maturity of organic matter in immature source rocks.  相似文献   

郑开下穿越工程非饱和土土-水特征曲线室内试验研究     

蒋坤  丁文其  陈宝  施笃铮 《岩土力学》2009,30(4):1078-1082

利用气相法和渗吸法,对郑州至开封下穿越工程降水施工引起的非饱和砂质粉土和粉质黏土的土-水特征曲线进行了室内试验研究。研究结果表明,非饱和砂质粉土和粉质黏土的进气值约为2 kPa和250 kPa,残余饱和度对应的吸力值约为15 MPa和28 MPa,两种非饱和土的减饱和过程都具有明显的阶段特征。通过该工程非饱和土土土-水特征曲线的分段性研究,对于工程降水施工以及掌子面加固等有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

主成分分析在农田土壤环境评价中的应用   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

高吉喜  段飞舟  香宝 《地理研究》2006,25(5):836-842

本文尝试利用主成分分析方法对农田土壤污染物进行识别,并对土壤环境质量进行分级。结果表明,利用主成分分析可以有效地识别土壤污染物中的主要成分,揭示土壤污染物的数据结构和相互间的关系。主成分分析方法可用于定量化的土壤复合污染研究或对历史数据较为缺乏的地区进行土壤环境质量评价。在污染物检测指标数量较大时,可以在一定程度上简化农田土壤重点污染物的定量化识别过程。  相似文献   

云南盐津2006地震群的强震动应急观测研究     

周挚  李世成  崔建文  高东  包一峰  毛燕  段建新  张潜 《国际地震动态》2008,(11)

2006年7月22日09时10分21.6秒,云南省昭通市盐津县境内(28°01′N,104°08′E)发生Ms5.1地震,震源深度9km.极震区烈度为Ⅵ度,个别Ⅶ破坏点,等震线形状呈椭圆形,长轴走向北东向.地震造成22人死亡,13人重伤,35428户、151168人受灾.2006年8月25日13时51分41.1秒,盐津县(28°03′N,104°07′E)再次发生5.1级地震,震源深度7km,较7月22日地震略浅.微观震中由722地震位置向西北偏移约4km.由于震中位置基本相同,故地震灾害相互叠加,出现灾害加重现象和灾情范围扩大趋势,地震造成2人死亡,重伤7人,1万多户、4.5万多人需要紧急转移安置,房屋倒塌1500多间,其中170所学校的校舍不同程度受损.  相似文献