健康水生态系统的退化及其修复——理论、技术及应用   总被引：88，自引：9，他引：79  

濮培民  王国祥  李正魁  胡春华  陈宝君  成小英  李波  张圣照  范云崎 《湖泊科学》2001,13(3):193-203

由于人口增加和工农业生产的发展,人类赖以生存的淡水生态系统日益退化,特别是富营养化问题,已严重威胁社会经济的持续发展和人类健康,如何在强污染负荷下修复水生态系统具有重大理论和现实意义,本文总结了自1990年以来在淡水湖泊中进行的物理生态工程（Physico-Ecological Enginnering ,PEEN)实验研究实践,主要结论O 为：（1）地表水环境治理的主要目标是修复为稳定健康的水生态系统;（2）主要方法是与污染源治理相结合实践物理生态工程IPEEN）和生物环保产业（Bio-Environmental Enterprise,BEE);(3)实现目标的主要途径是星火燎原,从局部到大范围乃至全流程;（4）实现目标的主要关键是抓住四个环节（4M）;高等水生植物（Macrophyte),宏观颔生学（Macro-bioimitation), 微生物（Microorganism),及管理（Management).(5)山清水秀,人杰地灵,社会经济生态协调发展的美好未来有可能在不远的将来实现。  相似文献   

Factors Controlling Hydrocarbon Accumulation in Jurassic Reservoirs in the Southwest Ordos Basin,NW China     

LIU Xin  WANG Feng  LIU Baojun  TIAN Jingchun  SHANG Ting  MA Jiong  ZHANG Zhongyi  ZHANG Xiaolei 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):467-484

The sedimentary, paleogeomorphological and reservoir characteristics of the Jurassic Yan’an Formation in the southwestern Ordos Basin, northwestern China, were studied by means of casting thin sections, scanning electron microscopy, inclusion analysis and identification of low-amplitude structures. A model for reservoir formation is established, and the controlling effects of sedimentary facies, paleotopography, low-amplitude structures and formation water on oil reservoirs are revealed. There are significant differences in the sedimentary characteristics, structural morphology and paleowater characteristics between the reservoirs above the Yan 10 Member and those in the Yan 9 to Yan 7 Members. The Yan 10 Member contains fluvial sediments, whereas the Yan 9 to Yan 7 members contain delta-plain anastomosing-river deposits. The distribution of high-permeability reservoir is controlled by pre-Jurassic paleogeomorphology and sedimentary facies. Some of these facies exhibit high porosity and high permeability in a lowpermeability background. The main hydrocarbon accumulation period was the late Early Cretaceous, filling was continuous, and the charging strength altered from weak to strong and then from strong to weak. The Yan 10 reservoir is mainly controlled by the paleogeomorphology: hydrocarbons migrated upward at a high speed through the unconformity surface, and accumulated in the favorable traps formed by paleogeomorphic structural units, such as gentle slopes or channel island. Furthermore, groundwater alternation in these areas was relatively stagnant, providing good reservoir preservation conditions. The reservoirs in the Yan 9 and higher members are controlled by the sedimentary facies, lowamplitude structure and paleowater characteristics. Hydrocarbons migrated through the three-dimensional delivery system, influenced by favorable sedimentary facies and high-salinity groundwater, then accumulated in the favorable low-amplitude structural traps that formed during the hydrocarbon production period.  相似文献   

贵州气象融媒体发展现状及思考          下载免费PDF全文

陈静怡  周毓  陈思静  唐宝均 《中低纬山地气象》2023,47(4):70-74

随着时代和科技的发展、社会经济水平和人民生活水平的不断提高,气象服务的重要性愈发凸显,而公众对于气象服务的及时性、便捷性和多样性提出了更高的要求。在融媒体时代背景下,信息传播模式变得更加多元化,亟需顺应新的发展形势,研究融媒体传播渠道和运作模式。为此,本文调研分析了全国气象融媒体服务开展情况,研究发现气象融媒体对于提升气象信息传播的覆盖面和影响力效果显著;梳理了近年来贵州在气象融媒体服务方面开展的工作,挖掘其中的亮点、总结不足之处,并结合贵州气象高质量发展的要求,提出了贵州气象融媒体发展设想,旨在为气象融媒体工作开展提供思路及参考。  相似文献   

A review of changes monitoring in the Antarctic ice shelves北大核心CSCD     

王泽民  周春霞  张保军  耿红  刘勇  钱懿德  刘明亮  吴双 《冰川冻土》2022,44(3):830-842

冰架是南极冰盖物质损失的主要出口。南极冰架动态变化和物质平衡的研究对揭示南极地区的气候变化具有重要的参考价值。本文从表面融化、冰流速、前缘崩解、底部融化和物质平衡五个方面入手,对近些年来南极冰架变化监测的研究进展进行梳理和归纳总结,综述了它们的观测方法、观测结果、机制分析及当前面临的问题。极地观测卫星和现场观测网络的发展、冰架多维度综合分析及数值模拟研究的推进,将有助于进一步揭示冰架变化因子之间的耦合作用及其演变机制,为全球增温影响南极冰盖/冰架的物理机制研究及其变化预测提供重要依据。  相似文献   

云滴数浓度对超级单体龙卷影响的数值模拟研究     

王霁吟  陈宝君  郑凯琳  花少烽 《大气科学》2019,43(6):1413-1423

为了探讨云滴数浓度对于龙卷发生、发展的影响,利用ARPS（Advanced Regional Prediction System）模式,通过调整云滴数浓度（分别取高3000 cm-3、中1000 cm-3和低100 cm-3）的变化,对2003年7月8日安徽省无为县超级单体龙卷进行理想模拟试验。研究表明:三组试验都模拟出超级单体风暴的特征结构如钩状回波和V型入流缺口;云滴数浓度高的试验中上升气流更强、风暴较先发展且持续时间长,近地面涡度也较其他两组试验更大;从三组试验中找到4个龙卷涡旋,其中云滴数浓度高的试验中有两个,涡旋总持续时间接近30 min,最大近地面风速为46.93 m s-1,最大涡度值为0.42 s-1;高云滴数浓度情况下地面冷池弱,更有利于龙卷产生,并对龙卷的发生、发展有促进作用。  相似文献   

A New Inversion Method of Sedimentary Strata For Deriving Double Parameters and Its Applications     

GUO Hua  LIU Cai  LI Yue  YANG Baojun 《东北亚地学研究》2002,(2)

1　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｃｏｍｐｕｔｉｎｇｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｆｉｎｖｅｒｓｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｈａｓｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｂｅｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｍａｎｙｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃｆｉｅｌｄｓ .Ｔｈ  相似文献   

Tectonic Characteristics and Evolution of Bohai Bay Basin, China     

LIU Pengju  ZHANG Meisheng  SUN Xiaomeng  YANG Baojun 《东北亚地学研究》2002,(2)

ＴｈｅＢｏｈａｉｂａｙｂａｓｉｎ ,ｌｏｃａｔｅｄｉｎｅａｓｔｒｅｎＣｈｉｎａ ,ｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄａｓａｂｉｇＣｅｎｏｚｏｉｃｃｏｎｔｉｎｅｎｔａｌｒｉｆｔｂａｓｉｎ .Ｔｈｅｂａｓｉｎｐｏｓｓｅｓｓｅｓｄｅｅｐｅｒｆａｕｌｔ -ｔｒｏｕｔｈ ,ｇｏｏｄｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｅｎｃｙａｎｄｈｕｇｅｐｅｒｓｐｅｃｔｉｖｅｆｏｒｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍａｎｄｎａｔｕｒａｌｇａｓｅｘ ｐｌｏｉｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎＰａｌａｅｏｇｅｎｅａｎｄｐｒｅ -Ｐａｌａｅｏｇｅｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ .Ｔｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔｅｃｔｏｎｉｃｃｈ…  相似文献   

Influencing factors of geometrical structure of surface shrinkage cracks in clayey soils   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Chaosheng Tang  Bin Shi  Chun Liu  Lizheng Zhao  Baojun Wang 《Engineering Geology》2008,101(3-4):204-217

In order to investigate the effects of temperature, thickness of soil layer, wetting and drying cycles and soil types on geometrical structure of surface shrinkage cracks in clayey soils, special software Crack Image Analysis System (CIAS) for analyzing shrinkage crack patterns was developed. Eight groups of soil samples were prepared and subjected to drying to crack in laboratory. The number of crack segments and intersections, average crack length, width and aggregate area, crack intensity factor (CIF), and the corresponding probability density functions (PDF) of these parameters were determined by analyzing several crack patterns derived from different experimental conditions. The results show that the soil cracking behavior and the geometrical structure of crack patterns are significantly influenced by these considered factors. There is a tendency of crack length, width, aggregate area and their most probable value (MPV) related to the PDF increases with temperature increase. With thicker soil layers, the average crack length, width, aggregate area and CIF are increased, and the main distribution ranges of crack length, width and aggregate area are increased also. When the soil is subjected to multiple wetting–drying cycles, the soil surface generates more irregular and coarse cracks. The number of short and narrow crack segments increases significantly, and the CIF decreases with an increase in wetting–drying cycles. It is also observed that the extent of cracking is directly related to the soil fines fraction and its plasticity index (I_P). The greatest CIF and crack width are observed in the soils with the largest fines fraction and highest I_P. In addition, the ratio of numbers of crack segments to intersections ranges from 1.5 to 2, and cracking mainly takes place in three stages: main-cracks initiation stage; sub-cracks initiation stage; terminal stable stage.  相似文献   

暖底对流云催化的微物理和动力效应的数值模拟   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈宝君  李爱华  吴林林  孙永涛 《大气科学》2016,40(2):271-288

为加深理解暖云底对流云降水形成的微物理机制,调查对这类对流云实施碘化银催化所能产生的微物理和动力效应,本文使用三维对流云模式(包含6种水成物:云滴、雨滴、冰晶、雪花、霰和冰雹),对2004年7月8日发生在我国江淮地区的一例对流云进行模拟,并开展碘化银催化试验。结果表明:(1)模式能够较好地模拟出实测风暴的回波结构。(2)云雨自动转化和霰粒子融化是两个最重要的成雨机制,产生的雨滴占雨滴总数量(质量)的67%(19%)和18%(57%)。(3)对流发展初期在主上升气流区进行的催化试验表明,对本例对流云播撒碘化银能够同时获得增雨和减雹的正效果。(4)催化增加的霰粒子通过竞争机制抑制了前期冰雹的形成,但增强了向雨滴的转化(通过融化机制);催化也促进了二次对流的发展,增加了入云的水汽通量和云水含量,加强了后期的云雨自动转化及碰并增长,导致后期的雨和冰雹增加,并使地面降水分布发生变化。这些结果表明,对暖底对流云进行碘化银催化能够产生微物理和动力效应。  相似文献   

基于InSAR的沉降测量角反射器的制作与安装——以南票煤矿开采沉陷区为例     

吕奎达  吕保军 《测绘与空间地理信息》2018,(2):161-163

合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星具有全天候、全天时的观测能力,并对地表有一定的穿透能力,它在灾害监测、环境监测、资源勘察和军事应用等方面具有重要的作用,受到各国的普遍重视,目前已成为空间对地观测发展的热点。角反射器作为定标系统中的标准参考目标,其雷达截面积的精度和稳定度在很大程度上决定了定标测试的精度,因此,建立高精度的定标系统就需要研制高精度、高稳定度的角反射器。本文通过南票煤矿开采沉陷区基于InSAR的沉降测量工作,研究了角反射器的制作与安装方法。  相似文献