4505835 Lubricant oil composition containing a friction modifier     

Rodney L Sung  Benjamin H Zoleski  Sheldo Herbstman  Peter Dorn 《Marine pollution bulletin》1985,16(7):iii

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Oceanographic studies supporting the assessment of deep-sea disposal of defueled decommissioned nuclear submarines     

G. Ross Heath  David K. Rea  Gordon Ness  R. Dale Pillsbury  Thomas M. Beasley  Carlos Lopez  Daniel M. Talbert 《Environmental Geology》1984,6(4):189-199

Based on criteria developed by the international Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), potential disposal sites for defueled, decommissioned nuclear submarines appear to exist in deep water south of the Mendocino Fracture Zone within 200 nautical miles of the United States Oceanographic measurements in the water column and at the sea floor in a study area (W-N) at 39 5°N, 127 5°W will allow the operational and radiological consequences of deep-sea disposal to be compared with land burial of old submarines. The W-N studies also are yielding new data that will provide insights to the deposition and early diagenesis of distal hemipelagic sediments Royalty-free reproduction of this article by the U S Government or by the authors for U S. Government purposes is permitted.  相似文献   

Minerals of the world: Compiled by Peter Lof. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1983. size: 86 × 138 cm. Prices: — 10 copies: Dfl. 185.00/US $ 78.75, — 20 copies: Dfl. 295.00/US $125.00, — 50 copies: Dfl. 670.00/US $285.00, — 100 copies: Dfl. 1,200.00/US $510.50     

Benjamin N. Powell 《Tectonophysics》1984,108(1-2)

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Thermodynamic analysis of the system Fe2O3-FeTiO3     

Benjamin Burton 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1984,11(3):132-139

The cluster variation method, in the single prism approximation, is used to model phase relations in the system, Fe₂O₃-FeTiO₃. Ordering in FeTiO₃ is analyzed, and it is shown that the stabilization of FeTiO₃ (relative to mechanical mixing of Fe₂O₃ and Ti₂O₃) includes: (1) a contribution from the redox reaction, Fe³⁺+Ti³⁺→Fe²⁺+Ti⁴⁺ (ΔH _redox～?70kJ mole^?1); and (2) a contribution from ordering (ΔH _OD～?8kJ mole^?1). A theoretical phase diagram is presented and compared with available experimental data. Semiquantitative agreement between theory and experiment (on the location of phase boundaries) is achieved; but, owing to the paucity of experimental data on coexisting phases, these results may be fortuitous.  相似文献   

Helium and neon isotope geochemistry of some ground waters from the Canadian Precambrian Shield     

D.J Bottomley  J.D Ross  W.B Clarke 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1984,48(10):1973-1985

Ground waters in a Precambrian granitic batholith at the Whiteshell Nuclear Research Establishment (WNRE) in Pinawa, Manitoba contain between 5 × 10^?5 and 10^?1 cc STP/g_H2O of radiogenic helium-4 but have relatively uniform ³He/⁴He ratios of between 0.6 × 10^?8 and 2.3 × 10³. The highest helium samples also contain radiogenic ^21,22Ne produced by (α,n) or (n,α) reactions with other isotopes. As much as 1.8 × 10^?9ccSTP/g_H2O of excess ²¹Ne and 3.8 × 10^?9ccSTP/gH₂O of excess ²²Ne have been measured. Helium and ²¹Ne ages of these ground waters, calculated on the basis of known crustal production rates of ⁴He and ²¹Ne, are unreasonably high (up to 2 × 10⁵ years) and incompatible with the ¹⁴C ages and other isotopic and hydrogeologic data. Uranium enrichment in the flow porosity of the granite may dominate ⁴He and ^21,22Ne production in this granite and mask the contributions from more typical U and Th concentrations in the rock matrix.At the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories in Ontario helium concentrations in ground waters in a Precambrian monzonitic gneiss range from 1.5 × 10^?7 to 8.7 × 10^?4ccSTP/g_H2O with the ³He/⁴He ratios ranging from 2.0 × 10^?3 to 1.5 × 10^?7. The highest helium concentrations may be attributable to the presence of a thick uraniferous pegmatite vein and yield helium ages more than two orders of magnitude higher than the ¹⁴C ages. Application of He age dating equations to ground waters from Precambrian granitic rocks requires knowledge of the nature of uranium and thorium enrichment in the subsurface in order to select appropriate values for porosity and uranium and thorium concentration in the rock.  相似文献   

The Mg2GeO4 olivine-spinel phase transition     

Nancy L. Ross  Alexandra Navrotsky 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1987,14(5):473-481

Enthalpies and entropies of transition for the Mg₂GeO₄ olivine-spinel transformation have been determined from self-consistency analyses of Dachille and Roy's (1960), Hensen's (1977) and Shiota et al.'s (1981) phase boundary studies. When all three data sets are analyzed simultaneously,ΔH ₉₇₃ andΔS ₉₇₃ are constrained between ?14000 to ?15300 J mol^?1 and ?13.0 to ?14.1·J mol^?1 K^?1, respectively. High-temperature solution calorimetric experiments completed on both polymorpha yield a value of ?14046±1366 J mol^?1 forΔH ₉₇₃. Kieffer-type lattice vibrational models of Mg₂GeO₄ olivine and spinel based on newly-measured infrared and Raman spectra predict a value of ?13.3±0.6 J mol^?1 K^?1 forΔS ₁₀₀₀. The excellent agreement between these three independent determinations ofΔH andΔS suggests that the synthesis runs of Shiota et al. (1981) at high pressures and temperatures bracket equilibrium conditions. In addition, no configurational disorder of Mg and Ge was needed to obtain the consistent parameters quoted. The Raman spectrum and X-ray diffractogram show that little disorder, if any, is present in Mg₂GeO₄ spinel synthesized at 0.2 GPa and 973–1048 K.  相似文献   

Chemistry and mineralogy of garnet pyroxenites from Sabah,Malaysia     

Benjamin A. Morgan 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1974,48(4):301-314

Garnet pyroxenites and corundum-garnet amphibolites from the Dent peninsula of eastern Sabah (North Borneo) occur as blocks in a slump breccia deposit of late Miocene age. The earliest formed minerals include pyrope-almandine garnet, tschermakitic augite, pargasite, and rutile. Cumulate textures are present in two of the six specimens studied. The earlier fabric has been extensively brecciated and partly replaced by plagioclase, ilmenite, and a fibrous amphibole. The bulk composition and mineralogy of these rocks are similar to those of garnet pyroxenite lenses within ultramafic rocks. Estimated temperature and pressure for the origin of the Sabah garnet pyroxenites is 850±150° C and 19±4 kbar.  相似文献   

International Association of Geodesy 1957 report of study group No. 2     

J. E. R. Ross 《Journal of Geodesy》1958,32(2):2-12

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The structure of urban space, movement and co-presence: The case of Atlanta     

John Peponis  Catherine Ross  Mahbub Rashid 《Geoforum》1997,28(3-4)

Urban areas in Atlanta are analyzed using a computer based technique known as ‘space syntax’ to reveal an underlying systematic and consistent relationship between pedestrian or vehicular movement and spatial configuration. This provides a framework for discussing how far different urban morphologies are characterized by similar regular patterns; how design choices can affect the social use of space; and how methodological and theoretical issues, such as the study of the effects of scale, can be formulated with greater clarity.  相似文献   

Progressive failure on the North Anatolian fault since 1939 by earthquake stress triggering   总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54  

Ross S. Stein  Aykut A. Barka  James H. Dieterich 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,128(3):594-604

10 M ≥ 6.7 earthquakes ruptured 1000 km of the North Anatolian fault (Turkey) during 1939–1992, providing an unsurpassed opportunity to study how one large shock sets up the next. We use the mapped surface slip and fault geometry to infer the transfer of stress throughout the sequence. Calculations of the change in Coulomb failure stress reveal that nine out of 10 ruptures were brought closer to failure by the preceding shocks, typically by 1–10 bar, equivalent to 3–30 years of secular stressing. We translate the calculated stress changes into earthquake probability gains using an earthquake-nucleation constitutive relation, which includes both permanent and transient effects of the sudden stress changes. The transient effects of the stress changes dominate during the mean 10 yr period between triggering and subsequent rupturing shocks in the Anatolia sequence. The stress changes result in an average three-fold gain in the net earthquake probability during the decade after each event. Stress is calculated to be high today at several isolated sites along the fault. During the next 30 years, we estimate a 15 per cent probability of a M ≥ 6.7 earthquake east of the major eastern centre of Ercinzan, and a 12 per cent probability for a large event south of the major western port city of Izmit. Such stress-based probability calculations may thus be useful to assess and update earthquake hazards elsewhere.  相似文献