赤道海面高亚季节变化的时空特征     

周旭华  钟敏  高布锡  闫昊明 《测绘学报》2000,29(Z1):86-89

本文对赤道海区Topex/Poseidon卫星(1992.10-1998.10)测高资料进行最小二乘法分区拟合,扣除周年和半周年信号之后,再用Vondrak滤波得到30天至150天的亚季节信号。小波振幅谱结果显示了海平面高度变化的亚季节时频时空特性与厄尔尼诺事件存在一定的相关性。  相似文献   

河南省新一代天气预报业务系统   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙景兰  李平  田万顺  郑世林  布亚林 《气象》2000,26(10):56-57

介绍了河南省气象台新一代天气预报业务流程系统的主要内容和功能,以及系统特点和作用。  相似文献   

河南省区域暴雨的客观分型   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

布亚林  郑世林 《气象与环境科学》2000,(1):8-9

从多层聚类分析入手,利用微机对１９８０～１９９５ 年河南省２１３ 场区域暴雨过程的５００ ｈＰａ 高度场进行客观分型,得出了４ 类天气形势及其与暴雨落区的对应关系。  相似文献   

城市地铁雷电防护关键技术研究     

靳小兵  巫俊威  田琨  卜俊伟 《气象科技》2014,42(6):1106-1113

目前国内尚无针对地铁系统的专项防雷设计、施工及检测标准,使得在全国范围内开展的地铁系统防雷工作无系统性技术规范。分析地铁系统遭受雷击的主要方式与途径,明确了地铁系统防雷的必要性;针对城市地铁雷电防护的关键点,通过理论分析计算在国内首次确定了地铁系统的防雷保护等级应按第2类进行划分,并推导出了地铁防雷的关键参数——接地电阻的理论值。从接闪、接地、等电位连接、屏蔽和综合布线以及电涌保护防雷5要素出发对地铁系统雷电防护的具体措施进行了分析研究,提出地铁防雷主要措施和技术指标,为从事地铁防雷系统的设计、施工、防雷检测以及相关专业人员提供参考,并对将来形成地铁防雷技术标准方面的工作具有重要参考价值。  相似文献   

Urban landslide monitoring by combined use of multiple methodologies - a case study on Sv. Anton town,Slovakia     

Jaroslav Buša  Miloš Rusnák  Dávid Kušnirák  Vladimír Greif  Martin Bednarik  René Putiška 《自然地理学》2020,41(2):169-194

ABSTRACT

We employed integrated methods to assess the landslide movement in Sv. Anton town in the Western Carpathians Neogene Volcanic Field (Central Slovakia). The integrated diagnostics required study of the landslide kinematic activity by a combination of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) imaging from November 2013 to March 2015. A topographic model with 2-cm accuracy was constructed from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) photogrammetry. Continuous spatial datasets of movement and displacement field vectors were interpolated from the measured movements over the entire study period. Although deformation studies in Slovakia have a long-term tradition, complex interdisciplinary studies in urbanized areas are still lacking. This inspired our main objectives: to identify landslide kinematics and to reconstruct and define the rates of annual landslide movement obtained from geodetic measurement at the monitoring points. Our results demonstrate how landslide integrated diagnostics contribute to the detection of slope instability, with a maximum velocity of 60.82 mm/yr during the summer period. The precipitation effects are consistent with the Sv. Anton landslide displacement acceleration, and the following increases in total monthly precipitations are staggering compared to long-term monthly averages: July precipitation increased by 175.3%, August by 203.3%, and September by 198.1%.  相似文献   

Petrology and geochemistry of Mesozoic granitic rocks from the Nansha micro-block, the South China Sea: Constraints on the basement nature   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Quanshu Yan  Xuefa Shi  Jihua Liu  Kunshan Wang  Wenrui Bu 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2010,37(2):130-139

There are several micro-blocks dispersed in the South China Sea (SCS), e.g., Xisha-Zhongsha block, Nansha block and Reed-Northeastern Palawan block, etc., but detailed petrological constraints on their basement nature were previously lacking. The magmatic ages for granitic rock samples from two dredge stations in the Nansha micro-block vary from 159 to 127 Ma, which are comparable to magmatic activities occurred in the northern margin (Pearl river mouth), HongKong and East China. Petrographic characteristics, major-, trace element and Sr–Nd isotopic data of nine samples from two dredged station performed in the Nansha micro-block, the SCS, are reported. Petrographically, these granitic rocks can be divided into two groups which underwent a complex history of magmatic process, i.e., tonalitic rock (Group I) and monzogranitic rock (Group II). The Rittmann index (σ) for these rocks (1.9–3.1) suggest that they belong to calc-alkaline rocks. Group I rocks which is of typical I-type, have higher contents of TiO₂, Al₂O₃, FeO, MgO, CaO, Na₂O and P₂O₅, but lower values of SiO₂ and K₂O, when compared with those of Group II with I-type characteristics. Group I rocks are produced by partial melting of older Precambrian basement with the variable influence of mantle-derived magma which results from the interaction of released fluids from the subducted slab and the overlying mantle wedge in a general convergent margin setting, and Group II rocks result from partial melting of lower crustal basic rocks (amphibolite) and/or further partial melting of the Group I rocks associated with the variable influence from the underplating mantle-derived magma resulting from lithospheric extensional regime. Both Groups I and II have undergone assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes during its petrogenesis. This study therefore demonstrates that there exists a continental basement within micro-blocks in the South China Sea, and further supports the idea that a Middle Jurassic to Mid-Cretaceous subduction zone existed across the temporary Taiwan, Palawan to Southern Vietnam, which was associated with westward to northestward convergence of the Pacific Plate during Late Mesozoic. We suggest that this subduction zone may have been connected with the paleo-Pacific plate subduction zone offshore eastern China during Mesozoic era. This study provides petrologic data for the pre-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Sea.  相似文献   

西藏地区GPS水汽资料与降水量之间的对比分析     

罗布  杨秀海  央金 《四川气象》2010,(1):54-57

利用2008年7月份西藏地区地基GPS遥感大气水汽总量的观测资料,研究了大气水汽总量与日平均温度、相对湿度和降水量的关系。研究结果表明：1海拔高度对站点上空水汽总量的影响比较明显,一般情况下海拔越高水汽总量越低;其次高原上某地的降水转化率高低与该地所处的长期天气背景有关2．水汽总量值与实际降水量的大小之间并不是一种简单的正比关系,水汽梯度值和水汽源源不断地输送对降水量的大小有重要影响。3．日平均温度和GPS大气可降水量跟相对湿度之间呈反相关;降水往往出现在高温高湿后面,这种现象可以用湿旋转效应解释;最低温度跟GPS大气可降水量之间有良好的正相关。  相似文献   

安阳地区近50a气温和降水变化分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

贾成刚  申安喜  高翔  张玉峰  卜晓娜 《气象与环境科学》2009,32(Z1)

利用安阳市5个观测站1951-2000年的气象观测资料,采用直线回归分析方法,分析了近50 a安阳市的年、季平均气温、降水的变化趋势,结果表明:近50 a安阳地区年平均气温升高了1.8 ℃,并且以0.36 ℃/10 a的速度增加;冬季气温升高了2.3 ℃,同时以0.46 ℃/10 a的速度增加.降水量从总体上看50 a减少了2.5 mm,但年及夏季的平均降水量在20世纪80年代之前减少,在80年代之后有增加的趋势.  相似文献   

Management of sustainable ecological water levels of endorheic salt lakes in the Inner Mongolian Plateau of China based on eco-hydrological processes     

Ziqiang Xing  Huojian Huang  Yuanyuan Li  Shanshan Liu  Ding Wang  Yong Yuan  Zhongnan Zhao  Lisheng Bu 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14192

Hydrologic regime plays an important role in maintaining aquatic ecosystem structures and biogeochemical processes of endorheic salt lakes. Due to joint influences of regional climate change, runoff regulation and water withdrawal, ecological water deficiency has been increasingly prominent in endorheic salt lakes in Northwest China, especially in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. Previous studies mainly focused on establishing and applying methods to determine ecological water levels of lakes, while much less attention was paid to a more important problem – how such water levels could be reached under changed watershed hydrological processes. Solutions of this gap were explored in this study using the Dalinuoer Lake as an example. This lake is a typical endorheic salt lake located in the Inner Mongolian Plateau. It is a critical source to provide important ecological services and economic values for locals. Its ecological water level to maintain the optimum salinity threshold was first calculated by applying a statistical analysis of relationships between the phytoplankton biomass, salinity and water level of the lake. Potential measures to preserve the ecological water level of the lake were subsequently evaluated based on a hydrological process analysis of the watershed. The results indicated that the optimum salinity threshold was 5.7 g/L. This value should be also valid for other endorheic salt lakes in this region. According to a function between the water storage and the mean water depth of this lake, the ecological water level was determined to be 10.28 m with an ecological water deficit of 2.5 × 10⁸ m³. A basin water balance analysis using the results proposed measures to maintain a sustainable ecological water level, including controlling local water consumption and infusing ecological water. The results of this study could be extrapolated to other similar conditions to provide guidance for policy-makers, so that better decisions could be hopefully forged to protect eco-hydrological processes of endorheic salt lakes in the Mongolian Plateau, as well as other comparable scenarios.  相似文献   

Satellite dataset analysis of recent vegetation variation in Tibet region     

Zhuo G  Xin Li  Luo Bu  CaiYun Wang 《寒旱区科学》2011,3(5):0426-0435

This research investigates the recent distribution variation trends of vegetation in the Tibet region using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 2000 to 2007. It also discusses the causes of vegetation degradation in typical regions (such as Nagqu) based on climatic conditions, human activity, and other influencing factors. Results show that the areas with the best vegetation cover are in Nyingchi and the southern part of Shannan, followed by Chamdo, the Lhasa area, and the eastern part of Nagqu. Vegetation in various regions exhibits significant seasonal differences. The vegetation status has improved in some parts of the Tibet region in the past few years, while the areas with the most serious degradation are in the middle and southern parts of the Nagqu region. On average, distinct vegetation degradation occurred between 2003 and 2006 in the whole Tibet region but vegetation has been increasing since 2006. The vegetation cover in summer basically determines the annual vegetation status. An increase in precipitation and decrease in wind speed generally corresponds to an increase in vegetation cover. The reverse is also true: a decrease in precipitation and increase in wind speed correspond to the decrease in vegetation cover. NDVI is thus positively related to temperature and precipitation but has a negative relation with wind speed. Increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation have led to the present vegetation degradation in Nagqu, and vegetation in all of these regions has been affected by growth of human population, intensified urbanization, livestock overgrazing leading to the proliferation of noxious plants, extraction of underground minerals and alluvial gold, extensive harvesting of traditional Chinese medicinal plants [e.g., Cordyceps sinensis, Caladium spp., and saffron crocus (Crocus sativus)], and serious rodent and other pest damage.  相似文献