Vessel biofouling as an inadvertent vector of benthic invertebrates occurring in Brazil     

Farrapeira CM  Tenório Dde O  Amaral FD 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(4):832-839

This article reviews the literature involving benthic invertebrates that are cited in association with hull fouling, reporting the species that occur on the Brazilian coast and evaluating the importance of this vector for the introduction of nonindigenous and cryptogenic invertebrates in Brazil. It discusses some of the strategies that were used by the species that allowed for their overseas transport and made it easier to cross natural barriers that otherwise would have been obstacles to their dispersion. The compiled data list 343 species (65% nonindigenous and 35% cryptogenic), mainly from the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. The traveling fauna, composed mostly of cosmopolitan species (70.3%), is primarily euryhaline and marine stenohaline, with sessile and sedentary habits. After delineating the shipborne species’ ecological profiles and traveling strategies and evaluating their overlapping vectors, we concluded that hull vessels were the main vector of introduction to the Brazilian coast for 89.8% of the compiled species.  相似文献   

The M/V Cosco Busan spill: source identification and short-term fate   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lemkau KL  Peacock EE  Nelson RK  Ventura GT  Kovecses JL  Reddy CM 《Marine pollution bulletin》2010,60(11):2123-2129

Understanding the fate of heavy fuel oils (HFOs) in the environment is critical for sound decisions regarding its usage and spill cleanup. To study weathering of HFOs, we examined the M/V CoscoBusan spill (November 2007; San Francisco Bay, CA, USA). In this baseline report, we identified which ruptured tank (port tank 3 or 4) was the source of the spilled oil and characterized changes in the oil composition across location and time. Samples from three impacted shorelines, collected within 80 days of the spill, were analyzed using one- and two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC and GC × GC, respectively). Weathering varied across sites, but compounds with GC retention times less than n-C₁₆ were generally lost by evaporation and dissolution. Changes in n-C₁₈/phytane and benz[a]anthracene/chrysene ratios indicated some biodegradation and photodegradation, respectively.  相似文献   

Survival trends of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Clostridium perfringens in a sandy South Florida beach     

Mohammed RL  Echeverry A  Stinson CM  Green M  Bonilla TD  Hartz A  McCorquodale DS  Rogerson A  Esiobu N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(6):1201-1209

The search for alternative indicators of disease-risk from non-enteric pathogens at the beach revealed high densities of targeted bacteria. To explain the high numbers of potential non-enteric pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in beach sand, we investigated factors affecting their survival and distribution, as well as those of a potential fecal indicator, Clostridium perfringens. Results indicated greater S. aureus and P. aeruginosa survival and proliferation in sterile beach sand, than seawater, with diminished numbers upon exposure to natural micro-predators. C. perfringens remained relatively consistent with initial numbers. Intermediate sand particles (850 μm-2 mm) constituted the major micro-niche; creating implications for beach classification programs. Colonization of sterile sand boxes at the beach by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa confirmed the filtering action (>100×) of beach sand. The use of these potential pathogens in periodic sanitary evaluation of beach sand quality is indicated, regardless of the factors influencing their abundance.  相似文献   

Microbiological and physicochemical analysis of the coastal waters of southern Brazil     

Moresco V  Viancelli A  Nascimento MA  Souza DS  Ramos AP  Garcia LA  Simões CM  Barardi CR 《Marine pollution bulletin》2012,64(1):40-48

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of sewage discharge on coastal waters by evaluating the influence of physicochemical parameters on the presence of enteric microorganisms in seawater samples collected from 11 beaches in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, over a one-year period (August 2009 to July 2010). Samples were assessed for the presence of human adenoviruses (HAdV), polyomavirus (JCPyV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and noroviruses (HuNoV GI and GII). Escherichia coli and physicochemical parameters (salinity, temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen) were also evaluated. From the 132 samples analyzed, 55% were positive for HAdV, 51.5% for HAV, 7.5% for HuNoV GI, 4.5% for HuNoV GII, and 3% for JCPyV. E. coli levels ranged from 8 to 1325 CFU/100mL at all sites. The overall results highlight the problem of sewage discharge into coastal waters and confirm that there is no correlation between viral presence and bacterial contamination.  相似文献   

缅因州晚第四纪海平面变化     

Belk.  DF 张志良 《国外第四纪地质》1991,(4):40-52

  相似文献   

根据重力,磁力进行动态板块构造调整     

Green  CM 于德武 《物探化探译丛》1997,(A02):98-100

  相似文献   

伊利诺斯盆地中石油的长距离运移   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Beth.  CM 田世澄 《地质科技情报》1992,(A10):42-62

  相似文献   

Cross-Correlation of Tenerife Data with Galactic Templates-Evidence for Spinning Dust?     

de Oliveira-Costa A  Tegmark M  Gutiérrez CM  Jones AW  Davies RD  Lasenby AN  Rebolo R  Watson RA 《The Astrophysical journal》1999,527(1):L9-L12

The recent discovery of dust-correlated diffuse microwave emission has prompted two rival explanations: free-free emission and spinning dust grains. We present new detections of this component at 10 and 15 GHz by the switched-beam Tenerife experiment. The data show a turnover in the spectrum and thereby support the spinning dust hypothesis. We also present a significant detection of synchrotron radiation at 10 GHz, which is useful for normalizing foreground contamination of cosmic microwave background experiments at high galactic latitudes.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal changes of TBT pollution along the Portuguese coast: inefficacy of the EEC directive 89/677   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Barroso CM  Moreira MH 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(6):480-486

Nucella lapillus imposex (superimposition of male characters onto prosobranch females) and organotin body burden were surveyed in the Portuguese coast in 1997 and 2000. Time comparisons of the available data on Nucella lapillus imposex in the Portuguese coast indicate a global increase of TBT pollution in recent years, revealing the inefficacy of the 1993 legislation that bans the use of TBT paints on small boats (<25 m). The absence or scarcity of the species inside harbours, which are the most polluted sites in Portugal, is probably a consequence of extinction due to female sterilisation by TBT.  相似文献   

Oxidative stress in the mussel Mytella guyanensis from polluted mangroves on Santa Catarina Island,Brazil     

Torres MA  Testa CP  Gáspari C  Masutti MB  Panitz CM  Curi-Pedrosa R  de Almeida EA  Di Mascio P  Filho DW 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(9):923-932

Digestive glands of the mangrove mussel Mytella guyanensis, collected at one non-polluted site (site 1) and two polluted sites (sites 2 and 3), were analysed for different antioxidant defenses, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine levels were enhanced at the polluted sites. With the exception of superoxide dismutase, the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase were also higher at the polluted sites. Greater increases were observed in glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase and etoxyresorufine-O-deethylase activities at the polluted sites. Conversely, reduced glutathione content was higher at the control site. Trace metal contents in mussels collected at polluted sites were increased compared to the control site, and there were strong positive correlations between TBARS and Cu and Pb contents. M. guyanensis is routinely exposed to an oxidative stress condition at both polluted sites, and considering xenobiotic bioaccumulation in bivalve molluscs, the mangrove mussel represents an excellent bioindicator for environmental monitoring studies.  相似文献