济南地区岩溶地下水径流场模拟分析     

王洪涛  曹玉清  曹以临 《中国岩溶》1993,12(2):111-121

本文建立了地下水运动的流函数和势函数剖面二维流数学模型,并求得了它们的有限差分数值解。以此为基础对济南岩溶区地下水水流系统进行了模拟研究,分析了岩溶地下水径流场的空间变化规律和作用因素,划分了水流系统,从而加深了对济南岩溶区地下水运动规律的认识。   相似文献   

Development of the sediment and water quality management strategies for the Salt-water River, Taiwan   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Lin CE  Chen CT  Kao CM  Hong A  Wu CY 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,63(5-12):528-534

The Salt-water River watershed is one of the major river watersheds in the Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Water quality and sediment investigation results show that the river water contained high concentrations of organics and ammonia-nitrogen, and sediments contained high concentrations of heavy metals and organic contaminants. The main pollution sources were municipal and industrial wastewaters. Results from the enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) analyses imply that the sediments can be characterized as heavily polluted in regard to Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, and Cu. The water quality analysis simulation program (WASP) model was applied for water quality evaluation and carrying capacity calculation. Modeling results show that the daily pollutant inputs were much higher than the calculated carrying capacity (1050 kg day(-1) for biochemical oxygen demand and 420 kg day(-1) for ammonia-nitrogen). The proposed watershed management strategies included river water dilution, intercepting sewer system construction and sediment dredging.  相似文献   

TCAT Analysis of Capillary Pressure in Non-equilibrium, Two-fluid-phase, Porous Medium Systems     

Gray WG  Miller CT 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(6):770-778

Standard models of flow of two immiscible fluids in a porous medium make use of an expression for the dependence of capillary pressure on the saturation of a fluid phase. Data to support the mathematical expression is most often obtained through a sequence of equilibrium experiments. In addition to such expressions being hysteretic, recent experimental and theoretical studies have suggested that the equilibrium functional forms obtained may be inadequate for modeling dynamic systems. This situation has led to efforts to express relaxation of a system to an equilibrium capillary pressure in relation to the rate of change of saturation. Here, based on insights gained from the thermodynamically constrained averaging theory (TCAT) we propose that dynamic processes are related to changes in interfacial area between phases as well as saturation. A more complete formulation of capillary pressure dynamics is presented leading to an equation that is suitable for experimental study.  相似文献   

Thermodynamically Constrained Averaging Theory Approach for Modeling Flow and Transport Phenomena in Porous Medium Systems: 5. Single-Fluid-Phase Transport     

Gray WG  Miller CT 《Advances in water resources》2009,32(5):681-711

This work is the fifth in a series of papers on the thermodynamically constrained averaging theory (TCAT) approach for modeling flow and transport phenomena in multiscale porous medium systems. The general TCAT framework and the mathematical foundation presented in previous works are used to develop models that describe species transport and single-fluid-phase flow through a porous medium system in varying physical regimes. Classical irreversible thermodynamics formulations for species in fluids, solids, and interfaces are developed. Two different approaches are presented, one that makes use of a momentum equation for each entity along with constitutive relations for species diffusion and dispersion, and a second approach that makes use of a momentum equation for each species in an entity. The alternative models are developed by relying upon different approaches to constrain an entropy inequality using mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations. The resultant constrained entropy inequality is simplified and used to guide the development of closed models. Specific instances of dilute and non-dilute systems are examined and compared to alternative formulation approaches.  相似文献   

2000年国际CT与三维成像学术会议评述     

首届国际CT与三维成像学术会议组委会秘书处 《CT理论与应用研究》2000,9(4)

经中国科协国际部同意,国家科学技术部批准,由中国体视学学会主办,中国国际友谊促进会和中华英才半月刊社信息中心联合主办,《ＣＴ理论与应用研究》编辑部等单位承办的“国际ＣＴ与三维断面成像学术会议”于２０００年 １０月 ４－８日在北京召开。 １０月 ５日上午在北京人民大会堂举行了大会开幕式,国际体视学会主席Ｊ．Ｆ．Ｂｅｒｔｒａｍ教授、秘书长Ｎ．Ｗｒｅｆｏｒｄ博士,全国政协副主席、中国致公党主席罗豪才,国家自然科学基金委员会副主任王乃彦院士等国内外１２０多位专家、嘉宾和来宾参加了会议。 在人民大会堂的开幕式…  相似文献   

估计地质灾害的发生和经济损失的一般方法及其在荷兰的应用     

Erik Romijn  曹玉清 《世界地质》1993,(1)

现代社会对环境问题十分关注。最近对农村、工业区和城市发展的环境问题进行了全  相似文献   

西弗吉尼亚Laurel河喀斯特水流系统的地球化学与动力学演化     

Grov.  CG 曹玉清 《世界地质》1993,12(4):126-131

本文利用流速测量与质量平衡计算的方法评价Laurel河的地球化学演化及动力学行为。Laurel河流经Greenbrier灰岩组上部硅质的、非碳酸岩的冠岩,进入并通过Laurel河交叉通道洞穴系统,从系统的下游以泉的形式流出。当排泄量为1.0m~3/s时,能够计算出含水层方解石溶解速度为4.1mg/L.h,CaCO_3总迁移量为46kg/h。Laurel河在所有研究区域内其方解石含量是不饱和的。根据Plummer等人(1978)的实验室动力学研究资料与野外实测计算的饱和状态对比,可以得出,在水流的主要管道系统中由于碳酸的作用而产生的最基本反应造成了方解石的溶解为主要趋势。  相似文献   

当地下水邂逅DNA:石油类有机污染及其生物降解   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨悦锁  雷玉德  杜新强  韩建超  曹玉清 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,(5):1434-1445

地下水科学与工程研究发展到今日,已经成为一门涉及多个领域的综合性学科。地下水污染的控制和修复研究更需要跨学科的技术和知识支持,而生物修复作为一种高效低耗修复的技术成为环境领域的研究热点。微生物因其自身特性及其对污染的降解主导特征对确定有机物污染场地的永续修复具有重要意义。简要地综述了地下水有机污染及其原位修复、有机污染物和地下环境微生物的交互作用,进一步聚焦生物降解机制、生物修复和细菌研究。在此基础上以某石油污染场地地下水为例,进行了地下水中分离微生物菌株及其降解特征的实验研究。结果表明:放线菌降解效果最好,细菌和真菌次之;两两组合降解效果好于单菌,表明存在协同作用;不同菌株混合降解率较低,表明具有拮抗作用。通过动力学实验得出对TPH的降解符合一级反应动力学方程及其降解速度和降解半衰期。就微生物对有机组分降解而言,烷烃和总石油烃降解规律相似;难降解组分降解率低,后期因烷烃转化使其浓度升高;苯浓度变化不大。微生物活性实验表明:活菌总数和脱氢酶活性与降解率呈正相关变化。运用生理生化及分子生物学方法鉴定得出了具体的菌种。  相似文献   

The compleat Darcy: new lessons learned from the first English translation of Les Fontaines Publiques de la Ville de Dijon     

Sharp JM  Simmons CT 《Ground water》2005,43(3):457-460

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Optimizing remediation of an unconfined aquifer using a hybrid algorithm     

Hsiao CT  Chang LC 《Ground water》2005,43(6):904-915

We present a novel hybrid algorithm, integrating a genetic algorithm (GA) and constrained differential dynamic programming (CDDP), to achieve remediation planning for an unconfined aquifer. The objective function includes both fixed and dynamic operation costs. GA determines the primary structure of the proposed algorithm, and a chromosome therein implemented by a series of binary digits represents a potential network design. The time-varying optimal operation cost associated with the network design is computed by the CDDP, in which is embedded a numerical transport model. Several computational approaches, including a chromosome bookkeeping procedure, are implemented to alleviate computational loading. Additionally, case studies that involve fixed and time-varying operating costs for confined and unconfined aquifers, respectively, are discussed to elucidate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results indicate that the fixed costs markedly affect the optimal design, including the number and locations of the wells. Furthermore, the solution obtained using the confined approximation for an unconfined aquifer may be infeasible, as determined by an unconfined simulation.  相似文献