全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1080篇 |
免费 | 58篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 16篇 |
大气科学 | 68篇 |
地球物理 | 300篇 |
地质学 | 347篇 |
海洋学 | 77篇 |
天文学 | 235篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
自然地理 | 102篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 18篇 |
2018年 | 27篇 |
2017年 | 34篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 28篇 |
2014年 | 29篇 |
2013年 | 47篇 |
2012年 | 30篇 |
2011年 | 41篇 |
2010年 | 44篇 |
2009年 | 44篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 28篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 35篇 |
2004年 | 33篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 28篇 |
2001年 | 25篇 |
2000年 | 22篇 |
1999年 | 19篇 |
1998年 | 14篇 |
1997年 | 13篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 15篇 |
1994年 | 9篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 13篇 |
1990年 | 10篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 14篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 19篇 |
1973年 | 20篇 |
1971年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有1147条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
32.
33.
James B. Pollack Donald W. Strecker Fred C. Witteborn Edwin F. Erickson Betty J. Baldwin 《Icarus》1978,34(1):28-45
We have measured the shape and absolute value of Venus' reflectivity spectrum in the 1.2-to 4.0-μm spectral region with a circular variable filter wheel spectrometer having a spectral resolution of 1.5%. The instrument package was mounted on the 91-cm telescope of NASA Ames Kuiper Airborne Observatory, and the measurements were obtained at an altitude of about 41,000 feet, when Venus had a phase angle of 86°. Comparing these spectra with synthetic spectra generated with a multiple-scattering computer code, we infer a number of properties of the Venus clouds. We obtain strong confirmatory evidence that the clouds are made of a water solution of sulfuric acid in their top unit optical depth and find that the clouds are made of this material down to an optical depth of at least 25. In addition, we determine that the acid concentration is 84 ± 2% H2SO4 by weight in the top unit optical depth, that the total optical depth of the clouds is 37.5 ± 12.5, and that the cross-sectional weighted mean particle radius lies between 0.5 and 1.4 μm in the top unit optical depth of the clouds. These results have been combined with a recent determination of the location of the clouds' bottom boundary [Marov et al., Cosmic Res.14, 637–642 (1976)] to infer additional properties about Venus' atmosphere. We find that the average volume mixing ratio of H2SO4 and H2O contained in the cloud material both equal approximately 2× 10?6. Employing vapor pressure arguments, we show that the acid concentration equals 84 ± 6% at the cloud bottom and that the water vapor mixing ratio beneath the clouds lies between 6 × 10?4 and 10?2. 相似文献
34.
Abrupt climate change: An alternative view 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Carl Wunsch 《Quaternary Research》2006,65(2):191-203
Hypotheses and inferences concerning the nature of abrupt climate change, exemplified by the Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events, are reviewed. There is little concrete evidence that these events are more than a regional Greenland phenomenon. The partial coherence of ice core δ18O and CH4 is a possible exception. Claims, however, of D-O presence in most remote locations cannot be distinguished from the hypothesis that many regions are just exhibiting temporal variability in climate proxies with approximately similar frequency content. Further suggestions that D-O events in Greenland are generated by shifts in the North Atlantic ocean circulation seem highly implausible, given the weak contribution of the high latitude ocean to the meridional flux of heat. A more likely scenario is that changes in the ocean circulation are a consequence of wind shifts. The disappearance of D-O events in the Holocene coincides with the disappearance also of the Laurentide and Fennoscandian ice sheets. It is thus suggested that D-O events are a consequence of interactions of the windfield with the continental ice sheets and that better understanding of the wind field in the glacial periods is the highest priority. Wind fields are capable of great volatility and very rapid global-scale teleconnections, and they are efficient generators of oceanic circulation changes and (more speculatively) of multiple states relative to great ice sheets. Connection of D-O events to the possibility of modern abrupt climate change rests on a very weak chain of assumptions. 相似文献
35.
The U.S. and U.K. literatures have discussed “food deserts,” reflecting populated, typically urban, low‐income areas with limited access to full‐service supermarkets. Less is known about supermarket accessibility within Canadian cities. This article uses the minimum distance and coverage methods to determine supermarket accessibility within the city of Edmonton, Canada, with a focus on high‐need and inner‐city neighborhoods. The results show that for 1999 both of these areas generally had higher accessibility than the remainder of the city, but six high‐need neighborhoods had poor supermarket accessibility. We conclude by examining potential reasons for differences in supermarket accessibility between Canadian, U.S., and U.K. cities. 相似文献
36.
Post-seismic relaxation following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on a compressible self-gravitating Earth 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
Fred F. Pollitz Roland Bürgmann Paramesh Banerjee 《Geophysical Journal International》2006,167(1):397-420
The M w γ 9.0 2004 December 26 Sumatra-Andaman and M w = 8.7 2005 March 28 Nias earthquakes, which collectively ruptured approximately 1800 km of the Andaman and Sunda subduction zones, are expected to be followed by vigorous viscoelastic relaxation involving both the upper and lower mantle. Because of these large spatial dimensions it is desirable to fully account for gravitational coupling effects in the relaxation process. We present a stable method of computing relaxation of a spherically-stratified, compressible and self-gravitating viscoelastic Earth following an impulsive moment release event. The solution is cast in terms of a spherical harmonic expansion of viscoelastic normal modes. For simple layered viscoelastic models, which include a low-viscosity oceanic asthenosphere, we predict substantial post-seismic effects over a region several 100s of km wide surrounding the eastern Indian Ocean. We compare observed GPS time-series from ten regional sites (mostly in Thailand and Indonesia), beginning in 2004 December, with synthetic time-series that include the coseismic and post-seismic effects of the 2004 December 26 and 2005 March 28 earthquakes. A viscosity structure involving a biviscous (Burgers body) rheology in the asthenosphere explains the pattern and amplitude of post-seismic offsets remarkably well. 相似文献
37.
38.
Fred J. Anderson 《Environmental Geology》2006,49(7):1034-1042
Several unfavorable environmental and engineering geologic conditions exist in Fargo, North Dakota. Dominantly, the behavior
of smectitic clays within the proglacial Lake Agassiz sediments of the Sherack and Brenna Formations creates subsoil instability
beneath engineered structures in the Fargo area and slope instability within cutbank meanders of the Red River of the North.
Unfavorable engineering geologic conditions encountered include: the elastic deformation of clayey glaciolacustrine soils,
shrink-swell properties, inadequate bearing capacities, and mass movements. These conditions are responsible for structural
failures including the Fargo Grain Elevator in 1955 and the Northern Pacific railroad grade. Bank failures along the Red River
are common due to the inherent instability of Brenna Formation smectitic clays which are subject to plastic deformation in
the subsurface, with resultant block failure of overlying Sherack Formation. Recent alluvial sediments due to typical fluvial
action and the continued seasonal saturation of cutbank meanders within the floodplain also add to soil instability. 相似文献
39.
40.
Implications of the relationship between catchment vegetation type and the variability of annual runoff 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The impact of changing catchment vegetation type on mean annual runoff has been known for some time, however, the impact on the variability of annual runoff has been established only recently. Differences in annual actual evapotranspiration between vegetation types and the potential effect of changing vegetation type on mean annual runoff and the variability of annual runoff are briefly reviewed. The magnitude of any change in the variability of annual runoff owing to a change in catchment vegetation type is related to the pre‐ and post‐change vegetation types and the seasonality of precipitation, assuming that the variability of annual precipitation remains constant throughout. Significant implications of the relationship between vegetation type and the variability of annual runoff are presented and discussed for water resource management, stream ecology and fluvial geomorphology. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献