全文获取类型
收费全文 | 578篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 34篇 |
大气科学 | 80篇 |
地球物理 | 124篇 |
地质学 | 187篇 |
海洋学 | 29篇 |
天文学 | 123篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
自然地理 | 16篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 5篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 9篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 27篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 23篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 27篇 |
2007年 | 29篇 |
2006年 | 22篇 |
2005年 | 12篇 |
2004年 | 5篇 |
2003年 | 21篇 |
2002年 | 21篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 9篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 17篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 14篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 9篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 6篇 |
1972年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
1962年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有594条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
41.
C. Vigny J. Chéry T. Duquesnoy F. Jouanne J. Ammann M. Anzidei J.-P. Avouac F. Barlier R. Bayer P. Briole E. Calais F. Cotton F. Duquenne K. L. Feigl G. Ferhat M. Flouzat J.-F. Gamond A. Geiger A. Harmel M. Kasser M. Laplanche M. Le Pape J. Martinod G. Ménard B. Meyer J.-C. Ruegg J.-M. Scheubel O. Scotti G. Vidal 《Journal of Geodesy》2002,76(2):63-76
The Western Alps are among the best studied collisional belts with both detailed structural mapping and also crustal geophysical
investigations such as the ECORS and EGT seismic profile. By contrast, the present-day kinematics of the belt is still largely
unknown due to small relative motions and the insufficient accuracy of the triangulation data. As a consequence, several tectonic
problems still remain to be solved, such as the amount of N–S convergence in the Occidental Alps, the repartition of the deformation
between the Alpine tectonic units, and the relation between deformation and rotation across the Alpine arc. In order to address
these problems, the GPS ALPES group, made up of French, Swiss and Italian research organizations, has achieved the first large-scale
GPS surveys of the Western Alps. More than 60 sites were surveyed in 1993 and 1998 with a minimum observation of 3 days at
each site. GPS data processing has been done by three independent teams using different software. The different solutions
have horizontal repeatabilities (N–E) of 4–7 mm in 1993 and 2–3 mm in 1998 and compare at the 3–5-mm level in position and
2-mm/yr level in velocity. A comparison of 1993 and 1998 coordinates shows that residual velocities of the GPS marks are generally
smaller than 2 mm/yr, precluding a detailed tectonic interpretation of the differential motions. However, these data seem
to suggest that the N–S compression of the Western Alps is quite mild (less than 2 mm/yr) compared to the global convergence
between the African and Eurasian plate (6 mm/yr). This implies that the shortening must be accomodated elsewhere by the deformation
of the Maghrebids and/or by rotations of Mediterranean microplates. Also, E–W velocity components analysis supports the idea
that E–W extension exists, as already suggested by recent structural and seismotectonic data interpretation.
Received: 27 November 2000 / Accepted: 17 September 2001 相似文献
42.
43.
The forcing mechanisms for Antarctic coastal polynyas and the thermodynamic effects of existing polynyas are studied by means of an air-sea-ice interaction experiment in the Weddell Sea in October and November 1986.Coastal polynyas develop in close relationship to the ice motion and form most rapidly with offshore ice motion. Narrow polynyas occur frequently on the lee side of headlands and with strong curvature of the coastline. From the momentum balance of drifting sea ice, a forcing diagram is constructed, which relates ice motion to the surface-layer wind vector v
z
and to the geostrophic ocean current vector c
g
. In agreement with the data, wind forcing dominates when the wind speed at a height of 3 m exceeds the geostrophic current velocity by a factor of at least 33. This condition within the ocean regime of the Antarctic coastal current usually is fulfilled for wind speeds above 5 m/s at a height of 3 m.Based on a nonlinear parameter estimation technique, optimum parameters for free ice drift are calculated. Including a drift dependent geostrophic current in the ice/water drag yields a maximum of explained variance (91%) of ice velocity.The turbulent heat exchange between sea ice and polynya surfaces is derived from surface-layer wind and temperature data, from temperature changes of the air mass along its trajectory and from an application of the resistance laws for the atmospheric PBL. The turbulent heat flux averaged over all randomly distributed observations in coastal polynyas is 143 W/m2. This value is significantly different over pack ice and shelf ice surfaces, where downward fluxes prevail. The large variances of turbulent fluxes can be explained by variable wind speeds and air temperatures. The heat fluxes are also affected by cloud feedback processes and vary in time due to the formation of new ice at the polynya surface.Maximum turbulent fluxes of more than 400 W/m2 result from strong winds and low air temperatures. The heat exchange is similarly intense in a narrow zone close to the ice front, when under weak wind conditions, a local circulation develops and cold air associated with strong surface inversions over the shelf ice is heated above the open water. 相似文献
44.
Ch. Lajaunie 《Mathematical Geology》1992,24(5):555-561
Conclusions The indicators covariance is equivalent to the bivariate distribution of the class index. The factor decomposition of the indicator covariance proposed by SPJ is an isofactorial model of the corresponding bivariate distribution. However, the choices of cumulative indicators and of principal component analysis produce unacceptable inconsistencies. In LL, a correspondence analysis of the bivariate distribution was used to produce more satisfactory empirical factors. These were used in the procedure of identification of discrete isofactorial models, with improved consistency, and the benefit of change of support models. 相似文献
45.
Summary Given an analytical solution (solution of the equations of motion using analytical integration techniques) an integration of the variational equations is not necessary but simply a differentiation of the analytical solution. Based on a high-precision analytical solution explicit expressions for the coefficients of the observation equations to improve state variables and force model parameters have been derived.The definition of suitable unknowns for a pure dynamic orbital improvement can be based then on an analysis of the information content of the data at hand by using those expressions.Regarding the Fourier series structure of orbital perturbations as well as the special properties of crossover difference data, the proposed technique is particularly favourable for an evaluation of Remote Sensing Data such as altimeter, SST and gradiometer data from satellites in repeating orbits.After a general discussion of the observation equations for crossover data our present results using GEOSAT altimeter data are discussed as one example for applications. Some short remarks about further applications are given. 相似文献
46.
Ch. Reigber P. Schwintzer W. Barth F. H. Massmann J. C. Raimondo A. Bode H. Li G. Balmino R. Biancale B. Moynot J. M. Lemoine J. C. Marty F. Barlier Y. Boudon 《Surveys in Geophysics》1993,14(4-5):381-393
On the basis of the GRIM4-S1 satellite-only Earth gravity model, being accomplished in a common effort by DGFI and GRGS, a combination solution, called GRIM4-C1, has been derivcd using 1° × 1° mean gravity anomalies and 1° × 1° Seasat altimeter derived mean geoid undulations. In the meantime improvements could be achieved by incorporating more tracking data (GEOSAT, SPOT2-DORIS) into the solution, resulting in the two new parallel versions, the satellite-only gravity model GRIM4-S2 and the combined solution GRIM4-C2p (preliminary). All GRIM4 Earth gravity models cover the spectral gravitational constituents complete up to degree and order 50.In this report the emphasis is on the discussion of the combined gravity models: combination and estimation techniques, capabilities for application in precise satellite orbit computation and accuracies in long wavelength geoid representation. It is shown that with the new generation of global gravity models general purpose satellite-only models are no longer inferior to combination solutions if applied to satellite orbit restitution. 相似文献
47.
Dr. H. Stiller Dr. Dr. F. Frölich Dipl.-Geophys. F. Ch. Wagner 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1961,49(1):129-136
Summary The normal type of serpentinites consists of chrysotile. The magnetite parts are essential parts of the structure of chrysotile serpentinites (primary magnetite). Chrysotile is changed to antigorite by mechanical deformations. The magnetite parts of rock structure are lost and they sat down in the veins of serpentinite rocks (secondary magnetite). In this paper the thermomagnetic diagrams and the results of X-ray investigations of secondary and primary magnetite are described. Some results of susceptibility measurements are given. The secondary magnetite is characterized by a region of oxydation in the interval 280–400° C (secondary magnetite-Fe2O3-Fe2O3). The oxydation to -Fe2O3 is remarkably. On the thermomagnetic diagrams of primary magnetite no typical oxydation region is to be seen. The oxydation: primary magnetite-Fe2O3 is very small. The interval of measured susceptibility values amounts to (10–1500)·10–6 cgs units. The essential variability of the main parts of serpentinite samples is characterized by the great changes of susceptibility values from point to point.The determined values of specific saturation magnetization (Gauss. cm3 g–1), the X-ray powder data, and some results on remanent magnetization are given.
Zusammenfassung Die Normaltypserpentinite bestehen aus Chrysotil. Der Magnetit ist Bestandteil der Struktur der Chrysotilserpentinite (primärer Magnetit). Unter dem Einfluß mechanischer Deformationen geht Chrysotil in Antigorit über. Die Magnetitanteile der Gesteinsstruktur gehen verloren und scheiden sich auf Klüften ab (sekundärer Magnetit). In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die thermomagnetischen Abhängigkeiten und die Ergebnisse von Röntgenuntersuchungen des sekundären und primären Magnetits beschrieben. Es werden einige Ergebnisse der Suszeptibilitätsmessungen angeführt. Der sekundäre Magnetit wird durch einen Oxydationsbereich im Temperaturintervall 280–400° C charakterisiert (sekundärer Magnetit-Fe2O3-Fe2O3). Die Oxydation zu -Fe2O3 ist beträchtlich. Die thermomagnetischen Diagramme des primären Magnetits zeigen keinen typischen Oxydationsbereich. Die Oxydation: primärer Magnetit-Fe2O3 ist sehr gering. Das Intervall der gemessenen Suszeptibilitätswerte beträgt (10–1500)·10–6 CGS-Einheiten. Die starke Veränderlichkeit der Hauptbestandteile der Serpentinitproben wird durch die großen Änderungen der Suszeptibilitätswerte von Punkt zu Punkt gekennzeichnet.Die gemessenen Werte der Sättigungsmagnetisierung (Gauss.cm3 g–1), der Röntgenuntersuchungen und einige Ergebnisse über die remanente Magnetisierung werden gegeben.相似文献
48.
49.
50.
The amplitude response of a LCR gravimeter with the SRW-E feedback was determined on a vertical vibrating platform. The ink-pen recorder was connected parallel with the digital voltmeter input to obtain an analog response of the gravimeter to the harmonic motion of the base with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 10 m and periods excited in an interval of 4 - 10 s as by the ground motion of meteorological microseisms, and in the interval 10 -100 s as by surface waves of distant strong earthquakes.
In the first interval, an unexpected maximum of the amplitude response was observed with the double amplitude of apparent 6,5 Gal (6.5 × 10
–8
m/s
2
) at a period of 4.8 s, and a baseline shift with the amplitude of–64Gal was observed at the same period. The value of this direct component cannot be separated from the effect of the Earth's gravity field. In the second interval, the amplitude response of the gravimeter displayed one expected maximum at a period of 40 s with the double amplitude of 8.1Gal. At the usual level of microseisms with a peak-to-peak amplitude of up to 2 m the fluctuation of the gravimeter on the direct baseline shifted by –4.9 Gal was estimated at 1 Gal. With typical Rayleigh surface waves with periods of 20 s and double amplitudes of up to 100 m, the fluctuation reached 67 Gal. 相似文献