Paleo-environmental changes in the Yangtze Delta during past 8000 years     

ZHANG Qiang  JIANG Tong  SHI Yafeng  Lorenz KING  LIU Chunling  Martin METZLER 《地理学报》2004,14(1):105-112

The Yangtze Delta is one of the economically most developed areas in China. It is located in the eastern China monsoon region. Archaeological excavations and environment-archaeology studies over many years in this region provide exceptional information about climate changes, development of human civilization and also human-environment interactions. Archaeological excavations made in the study region reveal that the development of Neolithic cultures is not continuous, which may be a result of extreme climatic events. The analysis of 14C-dated buried paleotrees, peat and shell ridges show the rise and fall of human civilization in the study area. The research results presented in this paper confirm that human civilization collapsed six times in the Yangtze Delta, matching six high sea level epoches, peat accumulation and buried paleotrees formation periods respectively. This indicates that human activities in the Yangtze Delta are controlled by local climate changes and changing hydrological conditions. The collapse of the Liangzhu culture (5000 aBP-3800 aBP) in about 4000 aBP, after a tremendous flooding event, followed by a relatively backward Maqiao culture (3800 aBP-3200 aBP) confused researchers and aroused their great interest. The research results in this paper show that the collapse of the Liangzhu culture is a result of several factors, for example war and food shortage, but the flooding event occurred in the late Liangzhu culture epoch is the main factor therein.  相似文献   

生态地球化学调查中的有机氯农药研究   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：14  

祁士华  游远航  苏秋克  龚香宜  吴辰熙  王伟  吕春玲 《地质通报》2005,24(8):704-709

介绍了生态地球化学的概念和有机氟农药的生物有效性、环境介质中的残留、远距离迁移等性质。有机氟农药在环境中的有机地球化学行为，决定了在生态地球化学调查中必须采用特殊的采样方法、样品保存方法、稀疏的采样密度、多介质采样和分析技术。  相似文献   

用方差分析法预测濮阳市冬小麦播种期降水量趋势     

王春玲  崔力  王树文  李改琴  时凤云  刘平  董建设 《河南气象》2007,(Z1)

使用1971-2000年濮阳市冬小麦播种期降水量资料,采用方差分析法,按不同长度周期进行排列,求出各个周期的F值,进行F检验定出第一周期,其位相值为第一周期的第一次值。将原序列减去第一周期的位相值作为新序列1,对新序列1再进行不同长度周期排列,求出各个周期的F值,再进行F检验定出第二周期。对第一、二周期进行稳定性检查,采用经稳定后的第一、二周期的第2次值各自外推,求出预报初值,计算出剩余方差,建立预报方程,进而可计算出降水量预报值。经回代检验,历史拟合率为30/30=100%;2001-2005年试报准确率为4/5=80%。  相似文献   

靖边油田梁镇区域延9曲流河储层构型单元划分          下载免费PDF全文

王龙军  王锋  马立  李刚  张旺  郭春玲 《地质找矿论丛》2023,38(1):81-86

对于已经进入注水开发中后期的油藏,开展储层构型研究是精细化油藏描述、深化剩余油分布认识的必要举措。本文以靖边油田梁镇区域延9曲流河储层为研究对象,结合岩芯、测井等资料,通过密井网解剖,识别不同级次的构型界面并分级次细分构型单元。本研究在梁镇区域主力油层延9^2-1单层内部划分出了3—5级构型界面;延9^2-1小层同期单河道之间以孤立式、对接式为主,不同期次河道垂向上以叠加式、切叠式为主,该小层整体上呈侧向拼接-垂向切叠式复合河道结构形式;在单河道内部识别出3个单一点坝,同时,在点坝内部识别出3个侧积层,4个侧积体构型单元。本次储层构型单元划分研究可以为下一步储层构型定量解剖及剩余油挖潜提供地质依据。  相似文献   

Mongolian herders’ vulnerability to <Emphasis Type="Italic">dzud</Emphasis>: a study of record livestock mortality levels during the severe 2009/2010 winter     

Chunling Du  Masato Shinoda  Kaoru Tachiiri  Banzragch Nandintsetseg  Hiroshi Komiyama  Shusuke Matsushita 《Natural Hazards》2018,92(1):3-17

The livelihoods of people inhabiting inland Eurasia have long been jeopardized by repeated natural hazards associated with a harsh environment and a cold, arid climate. Dzud is a Mongolian word indicating harsh winter conditions. In the present study, we considered dzud damage (e.g., livestock loss) to result from a combination of climate hazard (e.g., cold surges) and herders’ socioeconomic vulnerability. For this study, we integrated crucial socioeconomic factors accounting for major spatiotemporal variations in Mongolia by applying principal component analysis (PCA) to a comprehensive province-level, multiyear dataset. We subsequently characterized the regionality of herders’ vulnerability to the dzud event that occurred during the 2009/2010 winter by conducting a cluster analysis of the provincial principal component (PC) scores for the pre-dzud year (2009). Our results revealed a distinct geographical pattern of vulnerability. Herding households in the northern and northeastern (relatively wet and plain) areas were found to be well prepared for harsh winters, with shelters against wind and availability of forage, including hay, as well as easy access to major urban markets. By contrast, herding households in the southern and southwestern (arid and mountainous) areas were poorly prepared, with inadequate circumstances that facilitate pursuing of otor (movement of nomadic herders in search of better pastures) and lack of access to markets and dzud relief support because of their remote locations. The time coefficients of PC 2, related to winter preparedness, indicated that vulnerability increased between 2003 and 2009 (the pre-dzud year). This was partly responsible for the record-level mortality observed in 2010 across the southern and southwestern rural region, in conjunction with harsh winter weathers.  相似文献   

近半个世纪ENSO事件对长江三角洲地区气候的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘春玲  张强  许有鹏  姜彤 《气象》2005,31(3):12-16

对上海、杭州和南京1951～2001年日降水和气温资料作χ^2检验,探讨ENSO事件与长江三角洲地区降水、气温的关系,结果表明ENSO事件与研究区年降水量、四季降水以及年最高气温关系远低于自由度为3的90％置信度水平,二者无显著相关性。将E1 Nino分为两类后研究其对研究区年降水量、夏季降水量以及高温天气的影响,结果显示,第Ⅰ类E1 Nino影响年中研究区年降水量比常年偏高约15．6％,不易出现高温天气;第Ⅱ类E1 Nino影响年的年降水量比常年偏少20％-30％,但高温天气出现几率大。  相似文献   

Changing properties of precipitation concentration in the Pearl River basin, China   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13  

Qiang Zhang  Chong-yu Xu  Marco Gemmer  Yongqin David Chen  Chunling Liu 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2009,23(3):377-385

In this paper, precipitation concentrations across the Pearl River basin and the associated spatial patterns are analyzed based on daily precipitation data of 42 rain gauging stations during the period 1960–2005. Regions characterized by the different changing properties of precipitation concentration index (CI) are identified. The southwest and northeast parts of the Pearl River basin are characterized by lower and decreasing precipitation CI; the northwest and south parts of the study river basin show higher and increasing precipitation CI. Higher but decreasing precipitations CI are found in the West and East River basin. Comparison of precipitation CI trends before and after 1990 shows that most parts of the Pearl River basin are characterized by increasing precipitation CI after 1990. Decreasing precipitation CI after 1990 (compared to precipitation CI changes before 1990) is observed only in a few stations located in the lower Gui River and the lower Yu River. Significant increasing precipitation CI after 1990 is detected in the West River, lower North River and upper Beipan River. These changes of precipitation CI in the Pearl River basin are likely to be associated with the consequences of the well-evidenced global warming. These findings can contribute to basin-scale water resource management and conservation of ecological environment in the Pearl River basin.  相似文献   

New Material of Pterosaur Sinopterus （Reptilia： Pterosauria） from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation, Western Liaoning, China     

Lü Junchang  LIU Jinyuan  WANG Xuri  GAO Chunling  MENG Qingjin  JI Qiang Institute of Geology  Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences  Beijing Dalian Natural History Museum  Dalian  Liaoning 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(6):783-789

1 Introduction The Jiufotang Formation is one of the most fossil- productive Early Cretaceous deposits of China. It overlies the famous Yixian Formation from which many important taxa were found (Ji et al., 2004; Chang et al., 2003; Zhou et al., 2003). In addition to other vertebrates, pterosaurs, the first flying reptiles in Earth history, are also abundant in the Jiufotang Formation. At present, nine species belonging to five genera have been reported from the Jiufotang Formation. The…  相似文献   

时态GIS及其在艾滋病时空分布研究中的应用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘妮妮  刘学锋  何幼斌  李先华  韩春玲 《地理空间信息》2006,4(5):39-41

时态GIS是GIS向多维化发展的产物。介绍了时态GIS的概念、特征、关键技术及主要时空数据模型。针对艾滋病传播的时空变化特性,提出了基于时态GIS的艾滋病时空分布动态监测的初步解决方案,较详细探讨了基于基态修正模型的艾滋病时空分布动态监测历史库与现时库动态更新方法。  相似文献   

近40年来南四湖湿地NDVI变化特征及其控制因子分析     

于泉洲  梁春玲  张祖陆 《湖泊科学》2014,26(3):455-463

利用Landsat系列卫星的MSS、TM和ETM+遥感数据,计算了研究区的归一化植被指数(NDVI),并以此为湿地植被活动的指标,研究1973 2011年间该湿地植被变化特征及年内季节变化特征,揭示植被活动在年内和年际变化的控制因子以及湿地植被对于气候变化、人类活动和极端干旱事件的响应特征.结果表明:(1)近40年来南四湖湿地植被各个季节的变化特征不尽相同.春季NDVI呈现先降低后增加的特征,主要先后受到研究区围垦、渔业养殖等人为活动和气候变化(增温)的影响;夏季和冬季的NDVI呈现显著降低趋势,主要受到围垦、渔业养殖等人类活动的影响;秋季NDVI的变化不显著.(2)年内季节变化方面,湿地植被面积和NDVI都呈现单峰的变化特征,从春季开始增加,在夏季末(全年的第202和205 d)达到最大值,然后开始下降,到冬季降至最低.植被的年内季节变化特征主要受到月均温度的控制.(3)干旱在一定程度上不是湖泊湿地NDVI增加的限制因子.干旱导致湖泊水位下降,滨湖滩地及湖底露出,可能会促进湿地植被生长和植被面积的扩大,使得湿地NDVI增加.  相似文献