雷电信息处理及产品制作与发布系统     

张艳华  焦雪  钟颖颖  冯民学 《气象科技》2013,41(1):72-77

雷电信息资料在科研和实际应用中具有非常重要的作用,如雷电灾害的区域划分、雷电灾害评估和雷电的预警预报等.各地方对相关的雷电信息资料使用还处于起步阶段,从使用情况看离实际业务需要还有明显的距离.为了充分利用大量雷电业务相关数据为防雷科技服务,使用Delphi 7.0作为开发工具,Firebird作为后台数据库,研制了基于TatukGIS和Google map的雷电信息处理及产品制作与发布系统.该系统采用图表、密度图、GIS专题图等多种方式,实现了闪电定位数据的实时显示、历史数据查询以及闪电密度[图绘制;根据人工观测雷暴日资料更新雷暴日数据库,可分析雷暴时空分布特征、气候倾向率等;实时接收大气电场仪数据,并可实现图形显示和详细数据列表查看;实现雷灾数据实时上报并同时入库,可对雷灾数据按行业、损失等进行专题图制作,并叠加于GIS地图之上;地图显示各防雷检测单位,可查看详细信息和检测报告;同时实现了基于雷电信息统计分析结果的雷电业务产品的制作与发布,为防雷业务和科研工作提供可靠的技术支撑.  相似文献   

多家数值产品沿海大暴雨预报性能检验     

崔粉娥  王勇  李慧君 《气象科技》2013,41(4):696-702

2010年8月4-5日和2010年8月21-22日两次天气过程都是在副热带高压外围产生的沿海大暴雨天气,利用多种资料,重点针对基层气象台(站)常用的几家数值模式产品,对两次暴雨过程从环流形势、影响系统、降水量要素等方面进行检验分析.结果表明:各家数值模式产品对暴雨定量预报有一定的预报能力,但降雨量级普遍偏小,对强降水中心的预报稳定性较差;在降水量级上,EC模式预报较准确,具有较高的参考价值.对产生暴雨天气影响系统位置和强度的预报,不同的数值模式有所差异;对西太平洋副热带高压的预报,T639模式和EC模式各时效预报脊点位置跟实况场一致,但强度较实况偏弱;但对高空槽和切变线的预报跟实况都有一定的偏差.因此在暴雨预报中需要在参考数值预报的基础上,结合强对流工具、实况加密资料、物理量场、相似个例和经验外推等其他辅助手段提高暴雨站点预报准确率,从而提升灾害性天气服务的效果.  相似文献   

春夏季DSH1与SL3 1型降水传感器数据比较     

李林  常晨  范雪波  崔炜 《气象科技》2013,41(6):1008-1012

为掌握称重式降水传感器的液态降水观测性能,推进降水自动化观测进程,按照降水过程强弱,依照北京市观象台2011年春夏季降水观测数据的统计结果,对DSH1型称重式降水传感器与业务用SL3 1型双翻斗雨量传感器进行比较分析。结果表明：以SL3 1型双翻斗雨量传感器为参照,DSH1型称重式降水传感器的观测数据基本可靠,在小雨过程中,两种型号传感器的观测数据有较好一致性;在中雨及大雨过程中,DSH1型称重式传感器与SL3 1型双翻斗雨量传感器还有一定的差异,有待于进一步试验与研究。试验过程中,DSH1型称重式传感器曾有故障出现,仪器可靠性有待提高。  相似文献   

新一代天气雷达天馈系统故障分析诊断方法和技巧   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘新民  崔炳俭  王全周  黄跃青  胡斌 《气象科技》2013,41(6):982-987

故障分析诊断技术对保障气象大型装备可靠业务运行具有重要作用。依据CINRAD/SB型新一代天气雷达天馈系统信号流程,通过对新一代天气雷达天馈系统故障诊断方法进行研究,总结出天馈系统漏气、打火故障检测方法,天馈系统损耗大的故障诊断流程和故障定位6种方法。按照故障诊断流程和其中的外接信号源联合频谱仪法,分析诊断、定位并修复了天馈系统天线座内环流器故障导致的雷达观测回波强度偏弱、灵敏度降低故障的典型个例。结果表明,根据雷达现场配备仪表状况,通过故障诊断流程,采用合适方法和技巧,可达到快速定位天馈系统故障部位、在最短时间修复雷达故障目的。  相似文献   

Torrential rainfall responses to radiation and ice clouds over Jiang-Huai Valley,China in July 2007     

Fengwen Xu  Xiaofeng Xu  Xiaopeng Cui  Guoping Zhang 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2013,49(4):401-407

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The Impact of an Abnormal Zonal Vertical Circulation in Autumn of Super El Ni?o Years on Non-tropical-cyclone Heavy Rainfall over Hainan Island     

Fei WANG  Lifang SHENG  Xiadong AN  Haixia ZHOU  Yingying ZHANG  Xiaodong LI  Yigeng DING  Jing YANG 《大气科学进展》2022,39(11):1914-1924

This study reveals a significant positive connection between autumn non-tropical-cyclone heavy rainfall on Hainan Island and the intensity of Eastern Pacific (EP) El Ni?o events. That is, the amount of rainfall in super EP El Ni?o years is more than that in normal EP El Ni?o years. Comparing EP El Ni?o years of different intensities, the cooler sea surface temperature in the northwestern Pacific during super EP El Ni?o years stimulates a negative surface latent heat flux (LHF) anomaly and abnormal anticyclonic circulation at 850 hPa. Under these conditions, an abnormal zonal vertical circulation develops in the northern South China Sea once a positive LHF anomaly and abnormal cyclonic circulation (ACC) at 850 hPa occur in the Beibu Gulf. The abnormal zonal vertical circulation further strengthens the ascending motion over Hainan Island, as the critical factor that leads to excessive rainfall. Further analysis shows that the positive LHF anomaly, which can be attributed to the increased latent heat transfer which resulted from the increased surface wind speed, is an important trigger for the ACC. However, the ACC is also the supplier of favorable moisture conditions because it intensifies vapor convergence over Hainan Island and meridionally transports moisture from the South China Sea to northeastern Hainan Island, thereby generating heavy rainfall. This paper emphasizes that the impact of El Ni?o events, especially super El Ni?o events, on rainfall over Hainan Island cannot be ignored, even if the traditional view is that frequent rainfall occurs mainly in La Ni?a years.  相似文献   

An improved three-band semi-analytical algorithm for estimating chlorophyll-a concentration in highly turbid coastal waters: a case study of the Yellow River estuary, China     

Jun Chen  Wenting Quan  Zhenhe Wen  Tingwei Cui 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2709-2719

An improved three-band semi-analytical algorithm was developed for improving the performance of the three- and four-band algorithms, for chlorophyll-a concentration retrievals in the highly turbid waters of the Yellow River estuary. In this special case study of the Yellow River estuary, the optimal wavelengths of the improved three-band semi-analytical algorithm must meet the following requirements: the λ ₁ and λ ₂ must be restricted to within the range 660–690 nm, and the λ ₃ must be longer than 750 nm. The algorithm calibration and validation results indicate that the improved three-band algorithm indeed produces superior performance in comparison to both the three- and four-band algorithms in retrieving chlorophyll-a concentration from the extremely coastal waters of the Yellow River estuary. Comparing the improved three-band algorithm to the original three- and four-band algorithm, the former minimizes the influence of backscattering by suspended solids in near-infrared regions, while the three-band algorithm has a much stronger error tolerance ability than the four-band algorithm. These findings imply that if an atmospheric correction scheme for visible and near-infrared bands is available, the improved three-band algorithm may be used for quantitative monitoring of chlorophyll-a concentration in turbid coastal waters with similar bio-optical properties, although some local bio-optical information or improved models may be required to reposition the optimal band positions of the algorithm.  相似文献   

阳泉市五十年气候变化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

牛俊玫  崔卫东 《山西气象》2006,(4):26-27,48

利用阳泉市气象观测站1955年～2004年的月平均气温、日照时数、旬降水量、暴雨日数、蒸发量等资料,对阳泉市50a来特别是近10a的气候变化作了较为全面的分析。结果表明:阳泉市50a来降水呈下降趋势(-35.8mm/10a),气温呈上升趋势(0.2℃/10a),日照时数变化呈减少趋势。  相似文献   

An explanation of the correlations of abundance ratio between neutron-capture elements and iron group elements in Ba stars     

Xiao-jing Shen  Bo Zhang  Hong-jie Li  Shuai Liang  Wen-yuan Cui 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,343(2):541-554

The chemical abundances of the Ba stars are excellent information for setting constraints on models of s-processes nucleosynthesis. In this work, we adopt a new analysis approach to determine the relative contributions from individual neutron-capture processes to the elemental abundances of Ba stars. We find that the production of s-process elements should accompany by the production of Cu and Zn, the calculated results on Cu and Zn abundances are in quite good agreement with observed data. The observed [Cu, Zn/Fe]–[s/Fe] correlations of Ba stars can be explained by binary scenario in which Ba stars formed.  相似文献   

建立面向区域农业可持续发展的空间决策支持系统的方法探讨   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15  

张显峰  崔伟宏 《遥感学报》1997,1(3):231-236

在解决诸如工业选址的空间问题时，空间决策支持系统避免了流行的商用ＧＩＳ软件在空间信息的分析评价，时空分布，预测和模拟以及决策等模型分析功能的不足，该文提出了建立ＳＤＳＳ的两种基本途径；一是利用现有ＧＩＳ与分析决策模型进行集成联结生成ＳＤＳＳ；另一种途径是自行开发具有空间数据管理和分析决策模型的一体化ＳＤＳＳ。  相似文献