Observations of the 18.6-year cycle of air pressure and a theoretical model to explain certain aspects of this signal     

D P O'Brien  R G Currie 《Climate Dynamics》1993,8(6):287-298

Evidence from barometric data in Japan, USSR, southern Europe, southern Africa, and South America shows that air pressure variations with period near 18.6-years can attain amplitudes as high as 0.9 mb, and are identified as induced by the luni-solar constituent tide M _n (M for moon and n for nodal). Luni-solar waveforms commonly exhibit modulation effects due to the superposition of a longer period component with 180° changes in phase. Thus, the waveform amplitudes can be highly nonstationary. Pressure gradients at this period over subcontinental distances show that the amplitudes imply nonequilibrium conditions. A theoretical coupling mechanism between E-W and N-S wind systems and the Coriolis force is envoked to explain the sub-continental extent and the, sometimes abrupt, amplitude changes of the pressure systems over small distances.  相似文献   

Marine geology of St. George’s Bay, Newfoundland, as interpreted from multibeam bathymetry and back-scatter data     

John Shaw  Robert C. Courtney  James R. Currie 《Geo-Marine Letters》1997,17(3):188-194

 Multibeam bathymetric data collected in St. George’s Bay, Newfoundland, show glacial and postglacial landforms in a 100-m-deep basin offshore from a barrier. Back-scatter data provide information on sediment lithology. Features undetected by previous conventional surveys include large bedforms on the surface of a barrier platform and submarine fans on its flanks. The data demonstrate that sediment transport processes are more complex than was previously believed. Multibeam bathymetric images are the sea-floor equivalents of air photographs. They can be used effectively to plan conventional acoustic surveys. Received: 16 February 1996 / Revision received: 4 September 1996  相似文献   

Ocean acidification in New Zealand waters: trends and impacts     

Cliff S. Law  James J. Bell  Helen C. Bostock  Chris E. Cornwall  Vonda J. Cummings  Kim Currie 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2018,52(2):155-195

The threat posed by ocean acidification (OA) to the diversity and productivity of New Zealand marine ecosystems is assessed in a synthesis of published trends and impacts. A 20-year time series in Subantarctic water, and a national coastal monitoring programme, provide insight into pH variability, and context for experimental design, modelling and projections. A review of the potential impact of changes in the carbonate system on the major phyla in New Zealand waters confirms international observations that calcifying organisms, and particularly their early life-history stages, are vulnerable. The synthesis considers ecosystem and socio-economic impacts, and identifies current knowledge gaps and future research directions, including mechanistic studies of OA sensitivity. Advanced ecosystem models of OA, that incorporate the indirect effects of OA and interactions with other climate stressors, are required for robust projection of the future status of New Zealand marine ecosystems.  相似文献   

Near-infrared imaging survey of faint companions around young dwarfs in the Pleiades cluster     

Yoichi Itoh  Yumiko Oasa  Hitoshi Funayama  Masahiko Hayashi  Misato Fukagawa  Toshio Hashiguchi  Thayne Currie 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2011,11(3)

We conducted a near-infrared imaging survey of 11 young dwarfs in the Pleiades cluster using the Subaru Telescope and the near-infrared coronagraph imager. We found ten faint point sources,with magnitudes as faint as 20 mag in the K-band,with around seven dwarfs.Comparison with the Spitzer archive images revealed that a pair of the faint sources around V 1171 Tau is very red in infrared wavelengths,which indicates very low-mass young stellar objects.However,the results of our follow-up proper motion measure...  相似文献   

Radiocarbon measurements of black carbon in aerosols and ocean sediments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

C.A Masiello  E.R.M DruffelL.A Currie 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2002,66(6):1025-1036

Black carbon (BC) is the combustion-altered, solid residue remaining after biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion. Radiocarbon measurements of BC provide information on the residence time of BC in organic carbon pools like soils and sediments, and also provide information on the source of BC by distinguishing between fossil fuel and biomass combustion byproducts. We have optimized dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation for the measurement of radiocarbon in BC. We also present comparisons of BC ¹⁴C measurements on NIST aerosol SRM 1649a with previously published bulk aromatic ¹⁴C measurements and individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) ¹⁴C measurements on the same NIST standard.Dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation belongs to the chemical class of BC measurement methods, which rely on the resistance of some forms of BC to strong chemical oxidants. Dilute solutions of dichromate-sulfuric acid degrade BC and marine-derived carbon at characteristic rates from which a simple kinetic formula can be used to calculate concentrations of individual components (Wolbach and Anders, 1989). We show that: (1) dichromate-sulfuric acid oxidation allows precise, reproducible ¹⁴C BC measurements; (2) kinetics calculations give more precise BC yield information when performed on a % OC basis (vs. a % mass basis); (3) kinetically calculated BC concentrations are similar regardless of whether the oxidation is performed at 23°C or 50°C; and (4) this method yields ¹⁴C BC results consistent with previously published aromatic ¹⁴C data for an NIST standard.For the purposes of intercomparison, we report % mass and carbon results for two commercially available BC standards. We also report comparative data from a new thermal method applied to SRM 1649a, showing that thermal oxidation of this material also follows the simple kinetic sum of exponentials model, although with different time constants.  相似文献   

L' and M' standard stars for the Mauna Kea Observatories Near-Infrared system     

S. K. Leggett  T. G. Hawarden  M. J. Currie  A. J. Adamson  T. C. Carroll  T. H. Kerr  O. P. Kuhn  M. S. Seigar  W. P. Varricatt  T. Wold 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,345(1):144-152

We present L ' and M ' photometry, obtained at the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) using the Mauna Kea Observatories Near-Infrared (MKO-NIR) filter set, for 46 and 31 standard stars, respectively. The L ' standards include 25 from the in-house 'UKIRT Bright Standards' with magnitudes deriving from Elias et al. and observations at the Infrared Telescope Facility in the early 1980s, and 21 fainter stars. The M ' magnitudes derive from the results of Sinton and Tittemore. We estimate the average external error to be 0.015 mag for the bright L ' standards and 0.025 mag for the fainter L ' standards, and 0.026 mag for the M ' standards. The new results provide a network of homogeneously observed standards, and establish reference stars for the MKO system, in these bands. They also extend the available standards to magnitudes which should be faint enough to be accessible for observations with modern detectors on large and very large telescopes.  相似文献   

Long period magnetic activity −2 to 100 years     

Robert G. Currie 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1976,39(1):251-254

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Geomagnetic line spectra-2 to 70 years     

Robert G. Currie 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1973,21(2):425-438

Application of a new data adaptive approach to power spectrum estimation has yielded greatly improved knowledge of the geomagnetic spectrum in the range 2 to 70 yr. The first successful line spectrum detection of the solar and double solar cycle variations in absolute geomagnetic element data are presented; also detected are the first four harmonics of the solar cycle and, excepting one, the first nine harmonics of the double solar cycle. Finally, evidence is found for a 60 yr line. The implications of these results for a variety of problems in planetary and space physics are discussed.  相似文献   

Stratigraphy and architecture of the Upper Triassic Ischigualasto Formation,Ischigualasto Provincial Park,San Juan,Argentina     

Brian S. Currie  Carina E. Colombi  Neil J. Tabor  Todd C. Shipman  Isabel P. Montañez 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2009,27(1):74-87

The Ischigualasto Formation in northwestern Argentina contains abundant fluvial channel sandstones, overbank mudstones, and paleosols that were deposited in a northwest-trending continental-rift basin during Late Triassic time. In the study area the formation progressively thins from ～700 m in the west to ～400 m in the east, over a distance of 7 km. This thinning is accompanied by a relative decrease in the abundance of fluvial channel sandstones and an increase in mud-rich overbank deposits and paleosols. While preserved channel deposits in the formation are highly variable in terms of their size and stratigraphic distribution, four general channel forms can be recognized based on their overall cross sectional geometry and internal sedimentary structures. Of these, the dominant channel-body types are interpreted as the deposits of sandy multi-channel fluvial systems. The internal stratigraphic architecture of the Ischigualasto Formation indicates that during deposition, the central part of the basin was the location of a long-lived, north flowing, fluvial channel belt that received relatively continuous channel and proximal overbank deposition. To the east, however, channel-related deposition was more infrequent, resulting in enhanced pedogenic modification of alluvial deposits. The overall thickness and facies trends observed in the Ischigualasto Formation most likely correspond to variations in fault-related accommodation development within the basin during the time of deposition.  相似文献   

Mechanisms of graben formation | J.H. Illies (Editor), 1981. Selected papers of an IGC Symposium held during the 17th IUGG General Assembly,Canberra, Australia,December 5, 1979. Developments in Geotectonics, 17. Elsevier,Amsterdam, US $65.75, Dfl.135.00     

K.L. Currie 《Earth》1982,18(2):194-195

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