Esterases as biomarkers in Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor exposed to temephos and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis used for mosquito control in coastal wetlands of Morbihan (Brittany,France)     

Fourcy D  Jumel A  Heydorff M  Lagadic L 《Marine environmental research》2002,54(3-5):755-759

Since 1998, a biomonitoring programme has been implemented to assess the potential impact of chemical mosquito control on macroinvertebrates of the coastal wetlands of Morbihan (Brittany, France). Acetylcholinesterase and carboxylesterases were used as biomarkers to assess the effects of Abate 500e (a.i. temephos) and Vectobac 12 AS (a.i. endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis, Bti) in Nereis (Hediste) diversicolor. Esterase inhibition revealed a marked impact of temephos, suggesting preferential contamination of the worms through the food. In Bti-exposed N. diversicolor, random variations of esterase activities were observed, that could not be attributed to the larvicide. However, esterases only reflected indirect physiological effects of Bti, and further investigations are needed to identify biomarkers more specific of Bti endotoxins.  相似文献   

东海放射虫甘葡萄虫科的一新属及其两新种     

张作人  谭智源 《海洋科学集刊》1965,(7):15-19

1958-1961年在东海陆棚区进行放射虫的调查研究时,发现甘葡萄虫科(Glycobotrydidae)的一新属及其两新种。  相似文献   

Development of two novel CYP-antibodies and their use in a PCB exposure experiment with Mytilus edulis     

Jonsson H  Sandnes KV  Schiedek D  Schneider R  Grøsvik BE  Goksøyr A 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):655-658

In an attempt to learn more about the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system of mussels, we used protein databases and alignment software to extract highly conserved CYP sequences. From these alignments synthetic peptides were produced and used for rabbit immunisation, which yielded polyclonal antibodies against the CYP families 2 and 4. The antibodies were evaluated with Western Blot and ELISA assays, using digestive gland microsomal samples from the mussel Mytilus edulis. Western Blots revealed immunoreactions for both antibodies. The anti-CYP2 sequence rendered one major immunopositive protein of approximately 49 kDa size, and weak signals for proteins of approximately 41 and 56 kDa size. The anti-CYP4 sequence rendered two major bands of approximately 56 and 59 kDa size, and also a weak immunoreaction with a protein of approximately 43 kDa size. ELISA rendered only weak signals even with a 1:50 dilution of IgG-purified serum. A 10-day exposure to Aroclor 1254 did not appear to affect any of the immunopositive proteins, while total PCBs in soft bodies increased from 14-40 ng/g DW in controls to 373-638 ng/g DW in exposed mussels.  相似文献   

Fatal attraction: synthetic musk fragrances compromise multixenobiotic defense systems in mussels     

Luckenbach T  Corsi I  Epel D 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):215-219

We studied interactions of nitromusk compounds musk ketone and musk xylene and polycyclic musks Galaxolide trade mark (HHCB), Celestolide trade mark (ADBI), Tetralide trade mark (AHTN), and Traseolide trade mark (AITI) with multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) transporters in gill tissue of the marine mussel Mytilus californianus (Conrad, 1837). A competitive substrate transport test with rhodamine B was used to assay modulation of transport activity by musks. All tested musks inhibited the transport activity in the low microm range as indicated by increased accumulation of rhodamine B in the tissue. Compared to known substrates of mxr transporters, the effective concentration range was similar to quinidine and about 100 times higher than verapamil. Musk ketone and musk xylene also inhibited efflux of rhodamine B from gill tissue which was loaded with the dye and subsequently incubated with these compounds. Synthetic musk compounds are persistent environmental pollutants in aquatic environments with a high potential to bioaccumulate. As potent inhibitors of mxr transporters they may also play a role as chemosensitizers that enable toxic mxr substrates to accumulate in cells of aquatic organisms.  相似文献   

南黄海溶解氧的分布与季节变化   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

于圣睿  孙秉一 《山东海洋学院学报》1980,10(2):81-90

海洋中的溶解氧分布受着大气、生物、化学及各种物理过程的影响。因此，可以根据氧的分布，通过不同的方法将这些过程分离开，来了解海洋中的物理过程、生物过程和化学过程。对大洋水中溶解氧的分布，人们曾进行了许多研究工作。研究表明，除近表层水外，深层水中的溶解氧都处于较稳定的状态，变化幅度较小；  相似文献   

海南岛崖州湾西部近海沉积环境特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖玉仲  张丰收 《黄渤海海洋》1996,14(4):42-48

本文利用三亚赛德电厂工程可行性研究在崖州湾西部角头鼻附近海区所采集的地质资料，对该区的地貌、沉积物和沉积环境特征进行了论述。  相似文献   

关于海面反照率的初步探讨   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

张一夫 《海洋学报》1990,12(1):24-30

本文根据实测资料,分析了海面反照率随太阳天顶角的变化规律,推导出了反照率的一般表达式A_E=(Acosz+βA_Ed)/(cosz+β),讨论了日光情况为⊙2且天空少云条件下的海面反照率.取β=0.5时,得 A_Ed=0.042e0.018z(1-cosz)+0.052,由此得出该条件下的海面反照率的经验公式.利用该公式求出在太阳直射的纬度上,海面反照率全天平均为0.093,并可根据天文参数求出其他纬度带海面反照率全天平均值.讨论了日光情况为⊙的条件下的海面反照率,求出其全天平均值为0.082.讨论了日光情况为⊙°、Π条件下的海面反照率,求得其全天平均值0.068.这个数值适用于任何纬度的海域.  相似文献   

广东核电站港内泊稳条件数值计算     

张长宽  龚崇准  顾家龙 《海洋工程》1992,(1)

广东核电站位于大亚湾,防波堤口门处台风期设计波高H_(1/10)达6.7m,而泵房前进水口允许波高H_(1/3)仅0.3m。为此,在进水口前布置了东、西导堤加以掩护,形成二次绕射,以满足进水口的泊稳要求,同时,港内边界由全反射的重力式码头和部分反射的斜坡式防波堤、导堤及护岸等组成。所以,本文建立了具有任意反射率复杂边界的多港湾波浪绕射的数学模型。数值计算结果与相同条件下的物理模型试验结果吻合良好。  相似文献   

通过对重力波曳力的参数化来减小数值天气预报和大气环流模式中的系统性误差     

N.Mcfarlane  D.Wshantz  C.Girard 《海洋预报》1988,(Z1)

一、引 言 由于地形性激发的中尺度重力波的中断,在加拿大气候中心大气环流谱模式中有时候采用了波的曳力效应的参数化。这一参数化的细节以及它在大气环流模式气候模拟中影响的讨论,可见Boer等人(1985)的工作。 最近,人们利用激发重力波次尺度地形的更好的描绘,来修改这一参数化方案。还有,使用Lindzen(1981)的波饱和概念来描述曳力效应。这一关于地形重力波曳力参数化的作法已在加拿大气候中心的大气环流谱模式中广泛试验,在加拿大气象中心的业务的谱数值预报模式中也正在普遍进行试验。本文的目的所在于概述在这些模式中正在普遍使用的波的曳力方案,并且证明这一方案在消除中期预报和大气环流模拟的系统性误差方面的用处。  相似文献   

三角褐指藻体分泌物质对汞的络合作用     

吕小乔  孙秉一  史致丽 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,(4)

本文测定了一次培养实验和连续培养实验中三角褐指藻胞外产物的变化及其与汞的络合性能。28天的培养过程中测得胞外产物与汞的络合容量C_L为2.6×10~(-5)mol/dm~3;表观稳定常数K′为6.1×10~(10)。该结果解释了细胞培养过程中胞外有机物的释放对汞的解毒机理及对介质中汞形态的转化。  相似文献