The role of water mass dynamics in controlling bacterial abundance and production in the middle Adriatic Sea     

Solić M  Krstulović N  Vilibić I  Kuspilić G  Sestanović S  Santić D  Ordulj M 《Marine environmental research》2008,65(5):388-404

Month-to-month fluctuations in the abundance of bacteria and heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) and bacterial production, as well as various chemical (nutrients, oxygen) and physical (salinity, temperature) parameters were analysed at a station located in the open middle Adriatic Sea during one decade (1997-2006). Being influenced by both coastal waters and open Adriatic circulation in the surface layer, and by the deep Adriatic water masses in the deep layers (100 m), this station is quite suitable for detecting the environmental changes occurring in the open Adriatic Sea with respect to the circulation of its water masses and their long-term changes and anomalies. Multivariate methods were used to identify seasonal and inter-annual changes of the investigated parameters, associating observed changes to the changes in Adriatic water masses and circulation regimes. The analyses showed that bacterial abundance and production were controlled by different water mass dynamics during 1997-2001 compared to 2002-2006 period, particularly noticeable in different seasonal patterns of biological parameters. The interplay between North Adriatic Dense Water (NAdDW) and Levantine Intermediate Water (LIW) resulted in a change in the available nutrients (NAdDW is poor in orthophosphates), and as a consequence different bacterial abundance and production. A few periods were examined in detail, such as 2004, when LIW inflow was particularly strong and was accompanied by an increase of bacterial and HNF abundances, as well as of bacterial production.  相似文献   

The influence of 70 and 120 kHz tonal signals on the behavior of harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in a floating pen     

Kastelein RA  Verboom WC  Jennings N  de Haan D  van der Heul S 《Marine environmental research》2008,66(3):319-326

Two harbor porpoises in a floating pen were subjected to five pure tone underwater signals of 70 or 120kHz with different signal durations, amplitudes and duty cycles (% of time sound is produced). Some signals were continuous, others were intermittent (duty cycles varied between 8% and 100%). The effect of each signal was judged by comparing the animals' surfacing locations and number of surfacings (i.e. number of respirations) during test periods with those during baseline periods. In all cases, both porpoises moved away from the sound source, but the effect of the signals on respiration rates was negligible. Pulsed 70kHz signals with a source level (SL) of 137dB had a similar effect as a continuous 70kHz signal with an SL of 148dB (re 1muPa, rms). Also, a pulsed 70kHz signal with an SL of 147dB had a much stronger deterring effect than a continuous 70kHz signal with a similar SL. For pulsed 70kHz signals (2s pulse duration, 4s pulse interval, SL 147dB re 1muPa, rms), the avoidance threshold sound pressure level (SPL), in the context of the present study, was estimated to be around 130dB (re 1muPa, rms) for porpoise 064 and around 124dB (re 1muPa, rms) for porpoise 047. This study shows that ultrasonic pingers (70kHz) can deter harbor porpoises. Such ultrasonic pingers have the advantage that they do not have a "dinner bell" effect on pinnipeds, and probably have no, or less, effect on other marine fauna, which are often sensitive to low frequency sounds.  相似文献   

北极东部陆架沉积盆地与油气藏展望     

V.  E.  Khain  I.  D.  Polyakova  李学杰 《海洋地质》2008,24(3)

北极东部宽广的陆架展布着几个不同时期、不同走向的裂谷成因构造。利用构造纲要图,展示了上Brooksian地层单元（白垩纪-新生代）的主要构造元素,并勾画出Ellesmerian地层单元（晚泥盆世-侏罗纪）的构造轮廓,通常认为本区该期烃源岩最丰富。上地层单元发现了3个主要沉积盆地：Vil’kitskii-北楚科奇盆地,南楚科奇盆地和东楚科奇盆地,它们被楚科奇中央隆起所分隔。该隆起在EUesmerian期最活跃。通过与研究详细的陆架和陆坡区对比,概括了这3个盆地烃类的形成和聚集模式,了解可能的油气储集远景区带。  相似文献   

New Cases of Superflares on Slowly Rotating Solar-type Stars and Large Amplitude Superflares in G-and M-type Main Sequence Stars     

A.K.Althukair  D.Tsiklauri 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2023,(10):310-325

In our previous work, we searched for superflares on different types of stars while focusing on G-type dwarfs using entire Kepler data to study statistical properties of the occurrence rate of superflares. Using these new data, as a byproduct, we found 14 cases of superflare detection on 13 slowly rotating Sun-like stars with rotation periods of24.5–44 days. This result supports the earlier conclusion by others that the Sun may possibly undergo a surprise superflare. Moreover, we found 12 and se...  相似文献   

The First Mesozoic Heterodactyl Bird from China   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

ZHANG Zihui HOU Lianhai HASEGAWA Yoshikasu Jingmai O＇CONNOR Larry D. MARTIN Luis M. CHIAPPE 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(5):631-635

1 Introduction Enantiornithines were the dominant birds nearly worldwide throughout the entire span of the Cretaceous (Chiappe, 1995; Feduccia, 1996). The adaptive radiation of opposite birds is little known besides the disparity of rostral morphology in Boluochia (Zhou, 1995), Longipteryx (Zhang et al., 2001), Longirostravis ( Hou et al., 2004), and the presence of stomach contents that reflect a diversity of diets. Like the structure of rostrum, differentiation of the locomotor apparatu…  相似文献   

Barents海巨大的海底火山口中潜在的水合物丘状体     

Long  D 张莉 《海洋地质》2001,(2):68-80

穿过Barents海“火山口区”的多次调查资料的解释结果提供了该区火山口（大洼地，直径300－500m，深10－30m)，与距今大约15000年冰消作用后气体逸出相关联的进一步证据。为山口的位置表明气体的流动受到三叠纪粉砂岩基岩断裂的控制。数个火山口内的地形高处（由棱角状的岩石组成，局部隆升于火山口壁围岩之上），被解释为水合物丘状体，说明了在火山口形成之后气体仍持续不断地流动。这可能是最早报道的在岩化沉积物中存在的水合物丘状体。假定这种气体为甲烷，海底温度与现今的相似，那么，当海底位于海平面之下280－340m时（比现今低10－80m)就会形成水合物丘状体。地化研究为紧邻火山口区海底浅层中气体水合物随季节性温度变化而分解这一论点提供了证据。  相似文献   

太平洋东北部水合物脊现代甲烷渗漏区有孔虫记录甲烷的碳同位素证据     

T.  M.  Hill  J.  P.  Kennett  D.  L.  Valentine  庄畅 《海洋地质》2010,(1):14-23

俄勒冈州外海水合物脊现代甲烷渗漏区的发现,为研究甲烷对活体有孔虫生态和地球化学方面的影响提供了机会。2002年在水合物脊南部高点获取一批岩心。样品经保存和染色后用来测定Uvigerina peregrina、Cibicidoidesmckannai和Globobuliminaauriculata3个底栖有孔虫属种的活体（经染色）和死体的碳同位素（δ13C）组成。有孔虫样经光学显微镜和扫描电镜检查,未发现有成岩作用或自生碳酸盐沉淀作用的迹象。渗漏区活底栖有孔虫单体记录的乎δ13C值在-0．4％--21．2％0之间,说明受高浓度甲烷碳同位素的影响。渗漏区底栖有孔虫护C平均值（由单体样品计算）范围在-1．28％--5．64％0之间,而背景区（没有甲烷渗漏）的介于-0．81％--0．85％之间。为了解环境因素对底栖有孔虫δ13C值的影响,对细菌席和蛤床两种截然不同的甲烷渗漏环境的底栖有孔虫进行研究。细菌席区的有孔虫单体比蛤床区的具有更负的δ13C值。我们解释这种差异是食物来源或共生细菌对底栖有孔虫δ13C值影响的结果,通过溶解无机碳（DIC）作用于底栖有孔虫,使其δ13C值负偏移。对比活体和死体底栖有孔虫的δ13C值,并未发现统计上的差异。这说明自生碳酸盐沉淀作用未在观测到的同位素组成中起主导作用。然而,少量极度亏损δ13C（〈-12％）的死体底栖有孔虫确实显示了自生碳酸盐岩沉积对有孔虫δ13C值影响的潜在证据。  相似文献   

Baja California 边缘PC14 岩芯海水表层温度及生产力变化的百年尺度记录     

邢磊  丁玲  赵美训  张荣平  Alexander van Geen  Joseph D. Ortiz 《海洋与湖沼》2009,40(4):385-392

加利福尼亚流是北太平洋环流的重要组成部分,它的变化对全球气候及碳循环有重要影响.对位于东北太平洋低纬区BajaCalifornia外海的PC14柱状样进行了有机地球化学分析,重建了过去14ka来这一地区百年尺度的海水表面温度及生产力变化,发现其存在明显的B/A(Bling-Aller)和YD(Younger Drays)事件,但B/A和YD事件温度变化幅度小于中纬度地区.与中纬度加利福尼亚流系早中全新世温度降低不同,PC14全新世温度无明显变化趋势.这些结果表明了东太平洋低纬地区对高纬地区的气候响应以及沿岸上升流和ENSO现象对加利福尼亚流系中纬和低纬地区的影响不同.从冰消期到全新世,PC14生产力呈现阶段上升趋势,指示了由E1 Nino气候向La Nifia气候的转化以及沿岸上升流加强的总体趋势.在全新世中后期(6.5-3.8ka)生产力的降低,则可能是受ENSO加强的影响.在B/A暖期,PC14生产力增加不多,但氧最小层强度增加,这表明生产力变化不是东太平洋边缘海的氧最小层强化的控制因素.  相似文献   

一种分析抽水试验资料的优化模型     

Kashy.  D 周训 《水文地质工程地质译丛》1990,(2):21-30

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电法驱除地下水中污染物的室内研究——可望成为一项野外实用技术     

Donald D Runnellse  林清 《地下水》1988,(1)

一种在含水层中布设电报,以驱除其中溶解污染物的方法,在室内进行了实验。实验中,用了充以纯石英粉砂的园柱体,其中浸透了含有 CuSO_4和污染铜的合成地下水。实验中,还采用了快速冷冻法,以了解离子在柱体中的分布状况,并将其作为时间和空间的函数来处理。在电压升到2.5伏,电流达几十微安时,5天内,50%的溶解铜从柱体空隙的液体中流走。电流效率值在80—5%之间,具体由电解时间、PH 值、铜的浓度、及其它离子含量而定。电迁移的效率及其经济性,需进一步的室内外实验才可定论。但从理论上讲,该法可用于清除任何带电离子,甚至包括一些有机物。该电化学技术,曾被苏联用于探矿,并取得成功。其方法是,把电极装在盛满酸液的陶瓷园筒中,施以500伏的直流电,使电极电流达600毫安,从而驱使岩上中的金属离子向相反电极运移,然后在瓷筒中收集之。该技术对饱合和非饱和区均适用,据悉曾成功地用于探测 Cu、Ni、Co、Au 等。  相似文献