基于静动法的大直径超长桩承载力实测分析          下载免费PDF全文

王湛  刘宇峰  娄学谦  戴宇文  桑登峰 《地震工程学报》2014,36(4):1113-1117

大直径超长桩在海洋工程和桥梁工程中应用广泛,但目前常用的测试方法均有各自的局限性。针对普通静载费时费力,自平衡测试方法研究不够完善等不足,基于马来西亚槟城二桥工程,采用现场实测方法对砂土地层中大直径超长嵌岩桩的静动法测试进行研究。通过对同一根桩上的自平衡法测试结果进行对比,分析静动法测试大直径超长桩承载力的适用性。通过对比发现,静动法测试结果用传统卸荷点法和分段卸荷点法处理得到的等效静承载力比自平衡法大30%左右;且由于土动摩阻和孔隙水压力影响,静动法测得的桩身摩阻力也大于自平衡测试结果,需要进行修正。  相似文献   

基于GIS技术的乐山市暴雨洪涝灾害风险区划研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

黄懿  代春梅 《高原山地气象研究》2014,34(1):62-67

利用乐山历史气象资料,综合乐山自然、社会经济与防灾资料,利用GIS技术和自然灾害风险指数,构建乐山暴雨洪涝灾害风险评价模型,对乐山暴雨洪涝风险的致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性、承灾体易损性、防灾能力多个因子定量分析,计算出全市范围暴雨洪涝灾害综合风险指数,并绘制了风险区划图。结果表明:乐山市中区、五通桥区、沙湾区、峨眉山市和夹江县的部分地区其暴雨洪涝灾害风险最大;金口河区、峨边县、马边县暴雨洪涝灾害风险最小。   相似文献   

基于GNSS和定点形变观测分析日本Mw 9.0地震对黑龙江地区地壳形变的影响     

常金龙  孙建中  赵谊  于露 《地震地磁观测与研究》2014,35(5)

结合GNSS和黑龙江地区定点形变观测,分析日本2011年3月11日Mw9.0地震对黑龙江地区地壳形变的影响.结果显示:日本Mw9.0地震引起哈尔滨站、绥阳站震后2年内运动速率明显增加(哈尔滨站增大4 mm/a,绥阳站速率增大6 mm/a);定点形变与GPS观测到的同震效应至少在4个台站多种仪器均具有较好的一致性;日本Mw 9.0地震不仅引起区域水平向应变变化,对垂直向也产生一定影响;长基线变化反映出日本Mw9.0地震引起的大空间尺度应变变化与黑龙江地区长期构造应力场背景一致,该地震对黑龙江地区地表应变积累可能有增强影响.  相似文献   

Basin patterns of upper ocean warming for 1993–2009     

You-Soon Chang 《Ocean Dynamics》2014,64(6):823-832

A previous study (Lyman et al., Nature 465:334–337, 2010) showed a robust warming signal of the global upper ocean (0–700 m). They examined several sources of uncertainty that contribute to differences among heat content estimations. However, their focus was limited to globally averaged estimation. This study presents the spatial pattern of the global heat content change based on observed gridded datasets (Levitus et al., Geophys Res Lett 36:L07608, 2009). The western Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans showed significant warming trends, whereas eastern Pacific and some areas of the Gulf Stream experienced negative trends during 1993–2009. Steady warming trend was obtained from the first EOF mode when El Nino and Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related signals were removed. This result implies that the rapid increase in heat content of the upper ocean around 2000–2005 is not related to a sampling transition from XBT to Argo observations but is associated with a natural variability dominated by strong ENSO-related signals.  相似文献   

Seismic performance of an existing bridge with scoured caisson foundation     

Kuo-Chun Chang  Yu-Chi Sung  Kuang-Yen Liu  Ping-Hsiung Wang  Zheng-Kuan Lee  Lu-Sheng Lee  Witarto 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(Z1)

This paper presents in-situ seismic performance tests of a bridge before its demolition due to accumulated scouring problem. The tests were conducted on three single columns and one caisson-type foundation. The three single columns were 1.8 m in diameter,reinforced by 30-D32 longitudinal reinforcements and laterally hooped by D16 reinforcements with spacing of 20 cm. The column height is 9.54 m,10.59 m and 10.37 m for Column P2,P3,and P4,respectively. Column P2 had no exposed foundation and was subjected to pseudo-dynamic tests with peak ground acceleration of 0.32 g first,followed by one cyclic loading test. Column P3 was the benchmark specimen with exposed length of 1.2 m on its foundation. The exposed length for Column P4 was excavated to 4 m,approximately 1/3 of the foundation length,to study the effect of the scouring problem to the column performance. Both Column P3 and Column P4 were subjected to cyclic loading tests. Based on the test results,due to the large dimension of the caisson foundation and the well graded gravel soil type that provided large lateral resistance,the seismic performance among the three columns had only minor differences. Lateral push tests were also conducted on the caisson foundation at Column P5. The caisson was 12 m long and had circular cross-sections whose diameters were 5 m in the upper portion and 4 m in the lower portion. An analytical model to simulate the test results was developed in the OpenSees platform. The analytical model comprised nonlinear flexural elements as well as nonlinear soil springs. The analytical results closely followed the experimental test results. A parametric study to predict the behavior of the bridge column with different ground motions and different levels of scouring on the foundation are also discussed.  相似文献   

One‐Pot Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of Hierarchical Flower‐Like BiOCl Nanoplates with Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity for Degradation of Rhodamine B          下载免费PDF全文

Yunchao Xie  Fei Chang  Chenlu Li  Juan Chen  Jieru Luo  Liang Li  Xuefeng Hu 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(4):521-527

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Extraction of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil by Two Amaranthus spp.          下载免费PDF全文

Chun‐Han Ko  Fang‐Chih Chang  Chin‐Yi Chung 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(5):635-640

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Uptake of Heavy Metals by Native Herbaceous Plants in an Antimony Mine (Hunan,China)          下载免费PDF全文

Shengqing Shi  Yuan Wei  Ermei Chang  Ming Gao  Lanzhen Chen  Zeping Jiang 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(1):81-87

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考虑加筋与遮帘效应计算群桩沉降的相互作用系数法     

林智勇  戴自航 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z1):221-226

群桩中各基桩在地基土中的加筋与遮帘效应是客观存在的,然而,在目前的桩基沉降理论与实践中,相关的研究仍显不足。基于剪切变形法理论,考虑桩的加筋与遮帘效应,求得各基桩在自身桩顶荷载作用下产生的沉降以及其引起相邻桩的附加沉降量,由此提出群桩中任两桩的相互作用系数简化公式,同时,也得到各基桩桩侧及桩端桩-土接触等效弹簧刚度,并基于荷载传递法原理,建立了成层地基条件下各基桩在自身桩顶荷载作用下的桩身位移平衡方程,推导出各土层层顶处桩身沉降、轴力与层底处桩身沉降、轴力之间的递推关系,进而将公式推广到高、低承台群桩基础计算中。工程算例分析表明,用该方法计算有较高的精度,求得的荷载-沉降曲线及两桩相互作用系数与实测值吻合较好;相互作用系数要明显小于弹性理论计算结果。  相似文献   

上覆硬厚岩层破断运动及断顶控制     

蒋金泉  代进  王普  张林良 《岩土力学》2014,35(Z1):264-270

硬厚覆岩的破断与结构将发生显著的变化。针对汝箕沟煤矿二2煤层上覆厚层石英砂岩条件,采用现场实测、数值模拟、理论分析及现场试验等方法,研究了硬厚覆岩裂隙发育特征、破断运动、矿压显现特征及断顶控制技术,为硬厚覆岩工作面灾害防治提供了依据。研究表明,硬厚石英砂岩的微观结构致密完整,呈现大面积悬空、大步距破断运动,引起强烈的支架动载,甚至导致工作面风流逆转、沟通上部采空区隐形火区;硬厚岩层破断运移后产生明显的离层空间,并在开切眼上部和工作面上部及采空区中部形成覆岩主裂隙带,且发育高度大于经验计算数值,甚至与上方采空区沟通诱发灾害;实施开切眼深孔断顶爆破及降低工作面采高,有效缩短了硬厚岩层的初次破断步距,降低了支架动载及主裂隙带高度。  相似文献