地震前兆台网oracle数据库与管理系统的维护与管理     

洪旭瑜  余丹  刘坚刚  陈彩虹  张清秀 《华南地震》2013,(4):117-124

介绍了前兆台网“九五”和模拟观测系统并入“十五”观测系统的技术系统及其特点,指出前兆台网运行维护和管理过程出现的一些主要问题并提出最优的廨决方法,特别是对oracle数据库和数据管理系统进行技术分析．解决前兆台网技术系统的主要技术问题,提高了维护与管理前兆台网的运行效率。  相似文献   

软土单轴固结CT实验研究     

毛灵涛  赵丹  袁则循  周凯 《CT理论与应用研究》2013,(1):33-40

以天津港北港池码头地区海相沉积软土为研究对象,自行研制了与CT配套的单轴固结装置,取不同深度的土样分别进行单轴固结实验。逐级加载土样固结后,对土样进行CT扫描,结合CT图像分析软土固结过程中特性变化。研究表明:随着压力的增加,CT图像灰度平均值逐渐增大,说明土样被压实,密度增大;固结过程中,不同种类土样的CT图像标准差变化存在差异性,这与孔隙水压力消散引起土样内部结构的变化有关;引入CT图像灰度压缩系数来反映土样的压缩性能,研究结果表明天津港北港池码头软土具有较高的压缩性。  相似文献   

Assessing the effect of climate change on reference evapotranspiration in China   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Dan Zhang  Xiaomang Liu  Haoyuan Hong 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2013,27(8):1871-1881

Reference evapotranspiration (ET ₀ ) is a key parameter in hydrological and meteorological studies. In this study, the FAO Penman–Monteith equation was used to estimate ET ₀ , and the change in ET ₀ was investigated in China from 1960 to 2011. The results show that a change point around the year 1993 was detected for the annual ET ₀ series by the Cramer’s test. For the national average, annual ET ₀ decreased significantly (P < 0.001) by ?14.35 mm/decade from 1960 to 1992, while ET ₀ increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 22.40 mm/decade from 1993 to 2011. A differential equation method was used to attribute the change in ET ₀ to climate variables. The attribution results indicate that ET ₀ was most sensitive to change in vapor pressure, followed by solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed. However, the effective impact of change in climate variable on ET ₀ was the product of the sensitivity and the change rate of climate variable. During 1960–1992, the decrease in solar radiation was the main reason of the decrease in ET ₀ in humid region, while decrease in wind speed was the dominant factor of decreases in ET ₀ in arid region and semi-arid/semi-humid region of China. Decrease in solar radiation and/or wind speed offset the effect of increasing air temperature on ET ₀ , and together led to the decrease in ET ₀ from 1960 to 1992. Since 1993, the rapidly increasing air temperature was the dominant factor to the change in ET ₀ in all the three regions of China, which led to the increase in ET ₀ . Furthermore, the future change in ET ₀ was calculated under IPCC SRES A1B and B1 scenarios with projections from three GCMs. The results showed that increasing air temperature would dominate the change in ET ₀ and ET ₀ would increase by 2.13–10.77, 4.42–16.21 and 8.67–21.27 % during 2020s, 2050s and 2080s compared with the average annual ET ₀ during 1960–1990, respectively. The increases in ET ₀ would lead to the increase in agriculture water consumption in the 21st century and may aggravate the water shortage in China.  相似文献   

GLACIOLOGICAL STUDIES AT RAE GLACIER,CANADIAN ROCKY MOUNTAINS     

Carolyn P. Lawby  Dan J. Smith  Colin P. Laroque  Melinda M. Brugman 《自然地理学》2013,34(5):425-441

Rae Glacier is a small cirque glacier located in the front ranges of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. In 1990 and 1991 field research was completed to describe the physical glaciology of Rae Glacier and to characterize historical glaciological trends at the site. Ablation and surface movement rates were measured using a network of stakes drilled into the glacier and radio-echo sounding was used to describe local ice depths.

Rae Glacier has experienced a significant loss in size and mass during the historical period, owing to a lengthy interval of negative mass-balance conditions. The glacier has decreased in surface area by over 50% and now contains less than 24% of the ice it did at the end of the last century.

Surface-ice velocity varied between 1.4 and 5.4 m from 1990 to 1991. Rates of ice ablation proved to be highly variable, with steeper areas showing up to 50% more ablation. Combined with data on the emergent flow component of the glacier, the ablation data suggest that the glacier presently is unable to replenish the amount of ice annually being lost to ablation. The glacier has a lag time of 5 to 10 years, which confirms that it is sensitive to climatic fluctuations and responds to changes in mass balance within a very short time. This observation is supported by an estimated response time of 42 years. [Key words: glaciology, Rae Glacier, Canadian Rocky Mountains.]  相似文献   

Comparison of dew point temperature estimation methods in Southwestern Georgia     

Marcus D. Williams  Scott L. Goodrick  Andrew Grundstein  Marshall Shepherd 《自然地理学》2013,34(4):255-267

Recent upward trends in acres irrigated have been linked to increasing near-surface moisture. Unfortunately, stations with dew point data for monitoring near-surface moisture are sparse. Thus, models that estimate dew points from more readily observed data sources are useful. Daily average dew temperatures were estimated and evaluated at 14 stations in Southwest Georgia using linear regression models and artificial neural networks (ANN). Estimation methods were drawn from simple and readily available meteorological observations, therefore only temperature and precipitation were considered as input variables. In total, three linear regression models and 27 ANN were analyzed. The two methods were evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and other model evaluation techniques to assess the skill of the estimation methods. Both methods produced adequate estimates of daily averaged dew point temperatures, with the ANN displaying the best overall skill. The optimal performance of both models was during the warm season. Both methods had higher error associated with colder dew points, potentially due to the lack of observed values at those ranges. On average, the ANN reduced RMSE by 6.86% and MAE by 8.30% when compared to the best performing linear regression model.  相似文献   

Lichenometric dating of Little Ice Age glacier activity in the central British Columbia Coast Mountains,Canada     

Jill E. Harvey  Dan J. Smith 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2013,95(1):1-14

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西宁盆地黄土区边坡土体含水量对植物根-土复合体抗剪强度影响的试验研究     

李姜瑶  余冬梅  张西营  胡夏嵩  刘亚斌  周林虎  李丹 《工程地质学报》2022,30(2):281-292

为进一步研究植物根系的固土护坡力学效应,探讨边坡土体含水量对植物根系增强土体抗剪强度的影响,以西宁盆地长岭沟流域作为研究区,选取两种优势灌木植物柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)、白刺(Nitraria sphaerocarpa Maxim.)和两种优势草本植物芨芨草(Achnatheru...  相似文献   

四川盆地中寒武统膏盐岩特征与成因分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

林良彪  陈洪德  淡永  彭勇民  邹灏 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2012,(Z2):95-103

四川盆地中寒武统高台组、石冷水组膏盐岩广泛分布。在野外剖面、钻井剖面、岩心观察等宏微观分析的基础上,探讨了中寒武统膏盐岩发育特征,并分析了膏盐岩的成因。首先以石膏、白云石和黏土矿物为端元,将膏盐岩分为含泥含云质石膏岩类、膏质白云岩类和膏质砂泥岩类3大类及10小类;其次按膏盐岩剖面基本组成和结构特征总结出了丁山型、宫深型、方深型、建深型及范店型5类典型膏盐岩剖面,查明中寒武世毛庄+徐庄期两大聚盐区分别位于川南—黔北和万县—忠县一带。结合膏盐岩发育的沉积环境,建立了膏盐岩成因模式,认为四川盆地中寒武统膏盐岩存在潮上蒸发和沙坝(滩)后局限盐湖两类成因机制。  相似文献   

四川广巴高速公路红层滑坡成因分析及防治措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁晓波  向波  赵丹  何云勇 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2012,23(3):13-17

四川北部山区高速公路红层滑坡灾害广泛存在。根据广巴高速公路木门段滑坡的现场勘查,从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、水文地质及滑坡形态等方面对滑坡形成机制进行分析,指出该滑坡属滑移～牵引型滑坡。通过对滑坡稳定性分析计算,得出其稳定系数K在1．05～1．15,且滑坡前缘在河床中,洪期受河水冲刷,加之匝道路堑和桥梁基坑开挖均对滑坡稳定不利,其稳定系数正逐步降低,处于欠稳定一基本稳定状态,需进行处治。结合工程实际,提出了于二级滑体前部设置抗滑桩、一级滑坡后部设置小直径钢管排桩,并辅以排水、截水设施的防治措施。  相似文献