Elevational distribution of butterflies in the Himalayas: a case study from Langtang National Park,Nepal     

Ranjit Pandey  Kapil K. Khadka  Anuj Ghimire  Puja Jha  Umesh Pathak 《山地科学学报》2017,14(7):1384-1390

Mountain ecosystems are relatively more vulnerable to climate change since human induced climate change is projected to be higher at high altitudes and latitudes. Climate change induced effects related to glacial response and water hazards have been documented in the Himalayas in recent years, yet studies regarding species’ response to climate change are largely lacking from the mountains and Himalayas of Nepal. Changes in distribution and latitudinal/altitudinal range shift, which are primary adaptive responses to climate change in many species, are largely unknown due to unavailability of adequate data from the past. In this study, we explored the elevational distribution of butterflies in Langtang Village Development Committee (VDC) of Langtang National park; a park located in the high altitudes of Nepal. We found a decreasing species richness pattern along the elevational gradient considered here. Interestingly, elevation did not appear to have a significant effect on the altitudinal distribution of butterflies at family level. Also, distribution of butterflies in the area was independent of habitat type, at family level. Besides, we employed indicator group analysis (at family level) and noticed that butterfly families Papilionidae, Riodinidae, and Nymphalidae are significantly associated to high, medium and low elevational zone making them indicator butterfly family for those elevational zones, respectively. We expect that this study could serve as a baseline information for future studies regarding climate change effects and range shifts and provide avenues for further exploration of butterflies in the high altitudes of Nepal.  相似文献   

Imprints of a Proterozoic tectonothermal anomaly below the 1.1 Ga kimberlitic province of Southwest Cuddapah basin, Dharwar craton (Southern India)     

D. M. Mall  O. P. Pandey  K. Chandrakala  P. R. Reddy 《Geophysical Journal International》2008,172(1):422-438

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Mode-Converted (P-SV) Waves for Imaging Thin Intercalated Basaltic Layers and Their Possible Geologic Implications     

D. K. Pandey  A. Pandey  S. Rajan 《Natural Resources Research》2010,19(2):141-150

The subsurface imaging using conventional seismic reflection technique is challenging in areas where high velocity rocks such as basalts are underlain by low velocity rocks. The seismic image quality worsens in the presence of intercalated sediments within the basaltic layers. In the recent years, the multicomponent seismic exploration technique has drawn great attention because it reduces the ambiguity in seismic imaging, enlarges the S-wave information, and improves the prediction and identification of reservoir fluids. Improvements in sub-basalt imaging techniques could hold highly significant geologic implications such as resource exploration and identifying permanent geochemical trapping potential (such as for carbon sequestration studies). In this article, we examine the possibility of utilizing mode-converted (P-SV) waves for sub-basalt imaging as well as likely complicacies one may expect in such processes.  相似文献   

The 1995–96 decline of R Coronae Borealis: high-resolution optical spectroscopy     

N. Kameswara Rao  David L. Lambert  Mark T. Adams  David R. Doss  Guillermo Gonzalez  Artie P. Hatzes  C. Renée James  C. M. Johns-Krull  R. Earle Luck  Gajendra Pandey  Klaus Reinsch  Jocelyn Tomkin  Vincent M. Woolf 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,310(3):717-744

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A Theoretical Study Of The Whistler Mode Instability At The Uranian Bow Shock     

Pandey  R. P.  Singh  K. M.  Pandey  R. S. 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1999,87(2):59-71

Relativistic whistler wave mode with a perpendicular AC electric field has been studied for generalized distribution function with an index j, which is reducible to bi-Maxwellian for j = 0, loss-cone for j = 1 and delta function for j = ∞. Based on particle trajectories, the dispersionrelation is obtained using the techniques of a kinetic approach anda method of characteristic solutions Calculations are compassed with observations of low frequency waves of Voyager 2 The growth rates for the plasma parameters suited to the magnetosphere of Uranus are obtained. It is inferred that, not the magnitude but the frequency of the AC field, influences the growth rate. In addition to the temperature anisotropy, plasma particles having a loss-cone provide an additional source of energy. The relativistic electrons along with increasing the growth rate, widen the band width so as to cover a wide frequency range thus may explain the entire spectrum of whistler emissions at Uranian bow shock. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

A Web GIS Application for Dams and Drought in India     

Devendra Singh Rathore  Deepa Chalisgaonkar  R. P. Pandey  Tanvear Ahmad  Yatveer Singh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(4):670-673

Dams and diversion are built in India for meeting needs of water and energy. Due to variability of monsoon in space and time, precipitation falls short or exceeds causing in extreme cases drought and floods respectively. Water resource planners and engineers need information on dams and diversion. Drought information is needed in disaster management. For dissemination of these spatial data, Web GIS technology can be utilized, which is amalgamation of several information technologies. For Web GIS application, a high end, powerful and open source software, namely Mapserver is available. The software is CGI technology based. An application on dams and drought information for India is conceptualized using Mapserver. It is planned to write the application by modifying available tutorial. This will require writing DHTML pages, writing logic, using available libraries etc. Separate DHTML pages will be written for dam and drought applications. For dam application pages will be written for storage, hydropower and all dams. The drought application will provide maps of rainfall over districts for different SPI and time scales.  相似文献   

Hydrological simulation of the Betwa River basin (India) using the SWAT model     

Shakti Suryavanshi  Ashish Pandey  Umesh Chandra Chaube 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(6):960-978

A seasonal water budget analysis was carried out to quantify various components of the hydrological cycle using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model for the Betwa River basin (43?500 km²) in central India. The model results were satisfactory in calibration and validation. The seasonal water budget analysis showed that about 90% of annual rainfall and 97% of annual runoff occurred in the monsoon season. A seasonal linear trend analysis was carried out to detect trends in the water balance components of the basin for the period 1973–2001. In the monsoon season, an increasing trend in rainfall and a decreasing trend in ET were observed; this resulted in an increasing trend in groundwater storage and surface runoff. The winter season followed almost the same pattern. A decreasing trend was observed in summer season rainfall. The study evokes the need for conservation structures in the study area to reduce monsoon runoff and conserve it for basin requirements in water-scarce seasons.