基于手机位置数据的四川九寨沟7.0级地震人流分析     

李东平  黄乐  陈海鹏  刘倩倩 《中国地震》2017,33(4):602-612

2017年8月8日四川九寨沟7.0级震后,浙江省地震局利用大数据采集了1031.99万条手机位置记录和4.46万个空间格网位置。本文结合24hr连续定位的手机数据,使用手机位置数据分别对九寨沟灾区人口从时间和地理维度上进行了量化分析,估计了多维人口分布的偏差,同时,探讨了剔除微观误差数据用户来估算灾区通讯基站退服分布的方法。该项工作为震后快速获取灾区人口实时动态分布提供了有效途径,同时也为地震灾害评估提供了较准确的依据。  相似文献   

分形定量选择遥感影像最佳空间分辨率的方法与实验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冯桂香  明冬萍 《地球信息科学学报》2015,17(4):478-485

遥感影像观测尺度是遥感信息提取研究的重要内容之一,也是遥感信息提取的焦点。以往,遥感影像尺度特征的分析大多基于地统计学,其主要体现遥感影像中的线性特征,而实质上遥感影像中既存在线性特征,又存在非线性特征。因此,在深入剖析遥感影像尺度效应及分形特征机理的基础上,本文探讨了分形理论定量选择遥感影像最佳空间分辨率（也称最佳像元观测尺度）的方法。以IKONOS全色影像的建筑用地、耕地、林地为研究对象,分别使用FBM、DBM、TPM 3种分形维数计算模型,实现了3种地物在不同空间分辨率下分形维数的计算。实验结果表明,每种地物的分形维数是随空间分辨率的增大,总体呈下降趋势,且在某些特征空间分辨率上会出现拐点。从遥感影像尺度效应分析可知,遥感影像空间格局随尺度的不同,其内部结构也不同。且随着尺度的增大,很多细节将会被忽略,影像的粗糙度也随着降低。而分形维数是目前为止描述对象自相似性和不规则度的唯一基本量化值,其直观上与物体表面的粗糙程度相吻合。因此,这些拐点对应的分形维数对地物的最佳空间分辨率的选择具有一定指示意义。通过本文研究可知,使用分形理论方法研究遥感影像最佳空间分辨率（或最佳像元观测尺度）,打破以往观测尺度方法研究范畴,从不同角度去分析遥感影像观测尺度问题对GIS研究与地学应用具有一定的理论和指导意义。  相似文献   

地震与核爆识别的小波包分量比方法   总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20       下载免费PDF全文

杨选辉  沈萍  刘希强  郑治真 《地球物理学报》2005,48(1):148-156

频谱分析法在核爆与地震识别中具有广泛的应用．但是频谱分析方法是稳态方法,即使采用Gabor变换,也因时-频窗口形状不变而分辨串较低．为提高时-频分辨率,本文将小波变换理论用于乌鲁木齐台记录的地震与核爆事件的分析,并提出了识别核爆和天然地震的小波包分量比判据．通过对加拿大黄刀地震台记录的印度地下核爆的分析,进一步验证了小波包分量比判据对核爆和地震的识别具有较高的识别效率．结果表明：对于地震信号,其小波包分量比U03/U1一般都大于1.0,而对于核爆信号,比值U03／U13一般都小于1.0.  相似文献   

东营凹陷陡坡带油井前兆异常及其动力学成因讨论   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

徐守余  杨占宝 《地震地质》2004,26(2):325-333

分析了东营凹陷陡坡带断裂体系 ,研究了东营凹陷陡坡带油井前兆异常与地震活动的关系 ,探讨了油井前兆异常的动力学成因。孕震过程是应力场变化和调整的过程 ,应力场变化导致孔隙压力变化 ,使得油井产生前兆异常。特定的地质环境是油井前兆异常的基础 ,应力转化为孔隙压力是油井前兆异常的前提。油井前兆异常是正异常还是负异常 ,取决于油井所处的地质环境在孕震过程中地应力是增加还是减小 ,前兆异常幅度取决于孔隙压力的变化幅度  相似文献   

Correlation between plate age and layer separation of double seismic zones          下载免费PDF全文

Keliang Zhang  Dongping Wei 《地震科学（英文版）》2012,25(1):95-101

Global seismicity catalogs are sufficient for characterizing double seismic zones (DSZs) in subducting slab and facilitate to estimate layer separation without inconsistent uncertainties as local catalogs. Previous studies have shown the correlation between DSZs layer separation and plate age while correlation for those younger than ~60 Ma is suspicious. The lacking of DSZs with layer separation less than 10 km further makes it difficult to precisely estimate such correlation. Thus, we incorporate eight DSZs data determined through local seismicity into globally-determined dataset and reexamine such correlation. The best fitting results show that both a linear model and a square root of plate age can mathematically fit the layer separation well. However, it is difficult to distinguish these two models when plate age is greater than ~20 Ma since their difference is less than 2 km. However, if extrapolation is possible, both models should provide physical information that DSZs will not form if there is no subducting lithosphere. As a result, the DSZs cannot be produced until the oceanic lithospheric age becomes greater than 0.9 Ma in the square root model while the linear model gives a misleading result. As such the square root model demonstrates the relationship physically better than the linear one, it still needs further test in the future with more available data, nevertheless, our study might also provide evidence for the suggestion that the plate age is a primary control factor of the DSZs geometry as well as the subducting process which disregards any local tectonic stresses.  相似文献   

基于多密度聚类算法的路网提取     

朱鸿博  王山东  李贺  方琪  征程 《地理信息世界》2017,24(3)

随着GPS等定位系统的迅速发展,使得路网提取有了新的发展方向,然而目前利用浮动车GPS轨迹数据提取路网的方法层出不穷,但是提取效果却并不能尽如人意。本文将基于网格密度因子的多密度聚类算法引入路网提取,通过该方法对疑似特征点进行聚类来提取道路特征点,来构建道路几何网络,并通过对比分析取得了不错的实验结果。  相似文献   

冲绳板块应力场数值模拟及其动力学特征div>   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

皇甫海泉  魏东平 《地震学报》2010,32(5):529-543

冲绳板块位于菲律宾海板块向欧亚板块俯冲形成的西太平洋边缘活动带上,构造应力场图像及其动力学机制表现得相当复杂．采用伪三维有限元方法,以WSM2008 观测应力场数据的应力取向和应力型两方面指标作为主要约束,对冲绳板块构造应力场进行了数值模拟．通过对计算结果的分析,对模型涉及的各种作用力作出了估计．在此基础上,对冲绳板块岩石层的状态,以及该地区的板块动力学特征进行了探讨,并得到了以下一些初步认识:① 软流层静压推力控制着该地区构造应力场的基本形态;② 冲绳海槽的演化过程,例如该地区的岩石层减薄与其下地幔流的上升等,也在很大程度上影响了该地区的板内应力场空间分布特征;③ 琉球俯冲带边界力的作用是分段的,不同区段作用力对板内应力场的影响有所不同．   相似文献   

基于Google API的地震信息地图发布系统     

张薇  沈晓健  李东平 《地震地磁观测与研究》2010,31(6):117-120

Google Map及相关工具功能强大,是可二次开发的地理信息平台。介绍运用Google MapAPI技术,实现动态实时更新的地震信息发布系统,并简单应用。  相似文献   

Global Plate Motions and Their Impact on the Earth's Surface Area Change     

Cao Shuai  Zhang Keliang  Wei Dongping 《中国地震研究》2010,24(3):344-352

Based on their Euler poles,we calculated the relative velocities between every two plates in the typical global plate motion models,respectively,and estimated the area change along these boundaries. In our calculations,plates on both sides accommodated area changes depending on the boundary types: extensional, convergent or transform, so we can estimate area change of each plate and then globally. Our preliminary results show that the area of the southern hemisphere increased while that of the northern hemisphere decreased over the past 1 million years,and global area has increased by 26,000km2 to 36,000km2,which corresponds to the 160m～250m increment on the Earth's radius if all these area increments are attributed to Earth's expansion. Taking the NUVEL-1 model as an example,of the 14 plates in this model,11 are decreasing,but the global area has increased because of the larger increment amount from Africa,North America and Antarctica. Finally,we also discussed factors affecting the global area change such as subduction zone retreating and back-arc spreading.  相似文献   

Optimization of land use structure based on ecological GREEN equivalent     

Liu Yanfang  Ming Dongping  Yang Jianyu 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(4):60-67

Optimization of land use structure consists of economic and social and ecological optimization. Applying the minds of system engineering and principles of ecology, this paper presents such thoughts: the optimal forest-coverage rate calculated according to the reality of a district is set as main standard of ecological rationality in the district; through considering the value of ecosystem services of the land with GREEN equivalent (mainly cultivated land and grassland) and based on the rule, GREEN equivalent, this paper introduces the area conversion between woodland and cultivated land, also between woodland and grassland; this paper establishes a multi-dimension controlling model of optimization of land use structure. In addition, a multi-objective linear programming model for optimization of land use structure is designed. In the end, this paper tests and verifies this theory of ecological optimization, taking Qionghai city in Hainan Province as an example.  相似文献