Directions     

Lawrence J. Drew 《Natural Resources Research》1993,2(3):169-171

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Spatial distribution of the probability of occurrence and the value of petroleum: Kansas, an example     

L. J. Drew 《Mathematical Geology》1972,4(2):155-171

This paper suggests a new formulation for exploration-decision models useful in predicting the economics of exploring for petroleum in the United States. The methods used to date have been based on the premise of exploring for entire deposits. This approach may be unrealistic if exploring for petroleum in the United States because land ownership has so fragmented the surface that there is only a small probability that an entire deposit will be contained in any land tract held by a single exploration interest. As a result, it is suggested here that petroleum exploration-decision models intended for use by a single exploration interest should be based on frequency distributions of the probability of occurrence and value of petroleum occurring within land tracts. To achieve this goal, these distributions have been investigated in a 69,120-sq mi area in Kansas.  相似文献   

Investigation of the Structure of Geological Process through Multivariate Statistical Analysis—The Creation of a Coal     

Lawrence J. Drew  Eric C. Grunsky  John H. Schuenemeyer 《Mathematical Geosciences》2008,40(7):789-811

The purpose of this study was to capture the structure of a geological process within a multivariate statistical framework by using geological data generated by that process and, where applicable, by associated processes. It is important to the practitioners of statistical analysis in geology to determine the degree to which the geological process can be captured and explained by multivariate analysis by using sample data (for example, chemical analyses) taken from the geological entity created by that process. The process chosen for study here is the creation of a coal deposit. In this study, the data are chemical analyses expressed in weight percentage and parts per million, and therefore are subject to the affects of the constant sum phenomenon. The data array is the chemical composition of the whole coal. This restriction on the data imposed by the constant sum phenomenon was removed by using the centered logratio (clr) transformation. The use of scatter plots and principal component biplots applied to the raw and centered logratio (clr) transformed data arrays affects the interpretation and comprehension of the geological process of coalification.  相似文献   

Challenges for creating a site-specific groundwater-use record for the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (central USA) from 1900 to 2010     

Katherine J. Knierim  Anna M. Nottmeier  Scott Worland  Drew A. Westerman  Brian R. Clark 《Hydrogeology Journal》2017,25(6):1779-1793

Hydrologic budgets to determine groundwater availability are important tools for water-resource managers. One challenging component for developing hydrologic budgets is quantifying water use through time because historical and site-specific water-use data can be sparse or poorly documented. This research developed a groundwater-use record for the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (central USA) from 1900 to 2010 that related county-level aggregated water-use data to site-specific well locations and aquifer units. A simple population-based linear model, constrained to 0 million liters per day in 1900, provided the best means to extrapolate groundwater-withdrawal rates pre-1950s when there was a paucity of water-use data. To disaggregate county-level data to individual wells across a regional aquifer system, a programmatic hierarchical process was developed, based on the level of confidence that a well pumped groundwater for a specific use during a specific year. Statistical models tested on a subset of the best-available site-specific water-use data provided a mechanism to bracket historic groundwater use, such that groundwater-withdrawal rates ranged, on average, plus or minus 38% from modeled values. Groundwater withdrawn for public supply and domestic use accounted for between 48 and 74% of total groundwater use since 1901, highlighting that groundwater provides an important drinking-water resource. The compilation, analysis, and spatial and temporal extrapolation of water-use data remain a challenging task for water scientists, but is of paramount importance to better quantify groundwater use and availability.  相似文献   

Hα spectropolarimetry of B[e] and Herbig Be stars     

René D. Oudmaijer  Janet E. Drew 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,305(1):166-180

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Bioremediation in Fractured Rock: 1. Modeling to Inform Design,Monitoring, and Expectations          下载免费PDF全文

Claire R. Tiedeman  Allen M. Shapiro  Paul A. Hsieh  Thomas E. Imbrigiotta  Daniel J. Goode  Pierre J. Lacombe  Mary F. DeFlaun  Scott R. Drew  Carole D. Johnson  John H. Williams  Gary P. Curtis 《Ground water》2018,56(2):300-316

Field characterization of a trichloroethene (TCE) source area in fractured mudstones produced a detailed understanding of the geology, contaminant distribution in fractures and the rock matrix, and hydraulic and transport properties. Groundwater flow and chemical transport modeling that synthesized the field characterization information proved critical for designing bioremediation of the source area. The planned bioremediation involved injecting emulsified vegetable oil and bacteria to enhance the naturally occurring biodegradation of TCE. The flow and transport modeling showed that injection will spread amendments widely over a zone of lower‐permeability fractures, with long residence times expected because of small velocities after injection and sorption of emulsified vegetable oil onto solids. Amendments transported out of this zone will be diluted by groundwater flux from other areas, limiting bioremediation effectiveness downgradient. At nearby pumping wells, further dilution is expected to make bioremediation effects undetectable in the pumped water. The results emphasize that in fracture‐dominated flow regimes, the extent of injected amendments cannot be conceptualized using simple homogeneous models of groundwater flow commonly adopted to design injections in unconsolidated porous media (e.g., radial diverging or dipole flow regimes). Instead, it is important to synthesize site characterization information using a groundwater flow model that includes discrete features representing high‐ and low‐permeability fractures. This type of model accounts for the highly heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity and groundwater fluxes in fractured‐rock aquifers, and facilitates designing injection strategies that target specific volumes of the aquifer and maximize the distribution of amendments over these volumes.  相似文献   

Bioremediation in Fractured Rock: 2. Mobilization of Chloroethene Compounds from the Rock Matrix          下载免费PDF全文

Allen M. Shapiro  Claire R. Tiedeman  Thomas E. Imbrigiotta  Daniel J. Goode  Paul A. Hsieh  Pierre J. Lacombe  Mary F. DeFlaun  Scott R. Drew  Gary P. Curtis 《Ground water》2018,56(2):317-336

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