Indian Ocean variability in the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble: the zonal dipole mode     

Lin Liu  Shang-Ping Xie  Xiao-Tong Zheng  Tim Li  Yan Du  Gang Huang  Wei-Dong Yu 《Climate Dynamics》2014,43(5-6):1715-1730

The performance of 21 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models in the simulation of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) mode is evaluated. Compared to CMIP3, CMIP5 models exhibit a similar spread in IOD intensity. A detailed diagnosis was carried out to understand whether CMIP5 models have shown improvement in their representation of the important dynamical and thermodynamical feedbacks in the tropical Indian Ocean. These include the Bjerknes dynamic air-sea feedback, which includes the equatorial zonal wind response to sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly, the thermocline response to equatorial zonal wind forcing, the ocean subsurface temperature response to the thermocline variations, and the thermodynamic air-sea coupling that includes the wind-evaporation-SST and cloud-radiation-SST feedback. Compared to CMIP3, the CMIP5 ensemble produces a more realistic positive wind-evaporation-SST feedback during the IOD developing phase, while the simulation of Bjerknes dynamic feedback is more unrealistic especially with regard to the wind response to SST forcing and the thermocline response to surface wind forcing. The overall CMIP5 performance in the IOD simulation does not show remarkable improvements compared to CMIP3. It is further noted that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and IOD amplitudes are closely related, if a model generates a strong ENSO, it is likely that this model also simulates a strong IOD.  相似文献   

新一代天气雷达发射机灯丝电源故障分析     

董建设  杜丽娅 《河南气象》2014,(4):114-117

根据近几年河南新一代天气雷达（CINRAD／SB）故障统计,雷达发射机出现故障比例相对其他分机要高,在运行一段时间后灯丝电源故障率在发射机中比例有所升高,极易出现灯丝控制板烧毁、灯丝保险丝熔断、继电器损坏等故障,而发射机灯丝电源故障维修一直是难点。在研究CINRAD／SB发射机灯丝信号流程、关键点波形基础上,总结了从故障现象分析入手,根据相关信号流程和关键点波形,通过关键点参数测试定位发射机灯丝电源故障到可更换单元的故障诊断流程;列举了用故障诊断流程修复发射机灯丝电源故障的个例,即由于灯丝电源控制板继电器损坏烧毁电路板,引起保险丝过流断路,导致灯丝电流故障;提出了对现有SB发射机灯丝电源进行改进的技术措施,以及出现故障后暂时采用的一些应急方法。  相似文献   

Urban growth pattern modeling using logistic regression   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yu Nong  Qingyun Du 《地球空间信息科学学报》2011,14(1):62-67

Transformation of land use/land cover change occurs due to the numbers and activities of people.Urban growth mod-eling has attracted substantial attention because it helps to comprehend the mechanisms of land use change and thus helps relevant policies made.This paper tends to apply logistic regression to model urban growth in the Jiayu county of Hubei province,China.It is applied in a GIS environment to calculate variables and,then,in SPSS to discover the relationships between urban growth and the driving forces.The relative operating characteristic(ROC) shows the modeling accuracy with the curve 0.891 with standard er-ror 0.001.A probability map is generated finally to predict where urban growth will occur as a result of the computation.The result shows the model simulates urban growth well in the county scale.  相似文献   

利用折射指数推算大气纬圈平均风场方法          下载免费PDF全文

肖卫华  符养  高太长  杜晓勇  薛震刚  郭粤宁 《应用气象学报》2011,22(3):346-355

鉴于地转风、梯度风和平衡风各自计算风场的特点,该文利用COSMIC掩星折射指数资料,根据大气折射指数与大气密度、风场之间的关系,选用梯度风方程,建立了推算20~60 km中层大气纬圈平均风场的方法,分别与ECMWF提供的ERA-interim及NASA/GMAO提供的MERRA再分析风场资料对比验证。选用2007年1,4,7月和10月的COSMIC掩星折射指数数据,按照构建的方法计算了大气纬圈平均风场,并简单分析了大气纬圈平均纬向风随纬度、高度的变化特征及规律。计算风场与ECMWF及MERRA再分析风场资料变化规律基本一致,符合效果很好, 能够正确反映出纬向平均风场特性。1月及7月不同高度标准偏差、最大偏差随高度增加而增大,标准偏差最大约为6 m/s,最大偏差不超过11 m/s,沿纬度方向相关系数有减小的趋势,但不低于0.98,4月及10月偏差稍小,最大偏差不超过8 m/s。结果表明:利用COSMIC掩星折射指数资料通过梯度风方程计算风场,是获取中层大气20~60 km纬圈平均风场的一种有效方法。  相似文献   

杭州市空气负离子变化特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

齐冰  杜荣光  邵碧嘉 《气象与减灾研究》2011,(4):68-71

利用2008-2010年杭州西溪湿地和馒头山空气负离子观测资料,分析了杭州市空气负离子的季、月和日变化特征,以及空气负离子与气象环境因子的相关关系.结果表明,湿地负离子浓度要好于市区;杭州市空气负离子浓度冬季最大,夏季最小;一日中早晨空气负离子浓度最高,15时左右最低;夜间高于白天.空气负离子浓度与温度、日照时数和空气...  相似文献   

我国天基GPS掩星探测现状及发展趋势     

王也英  杜晓勇  袁勇 《气象科技》2011,39(2):202-206

简述了天基GPS掩星探测的发展历史和发展现状,指出了天基掩星探测的优势以及不同掩星反演方法的优缺点,并对我国的GPS山基掩星探测研究的进展和取得的成果进行了详细介绍,最后对GPS掩星探测未来的研究重点和发展趋势进行了展望,指出GPS掩星探测将向着星座化、综合化应用方向发展,我国也必将积极参与到GPS掩星探测的行列。  相似文献   

一次区域性大暴雨过程中尺度诊断分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李强  王中  白莹莹  杜钦 《气象科技》2011,39(4):453-461

利用实况降水、FY-2C资料、实时探空、NECP/NCAR再分析资料对2009年8月2—5日川渝地区大暴雨过程主要环流系统、水汽输送特征,以及湿位涡和垂直螺旋度演变特征进行了诊断分析。结果表明：此次强降水环流背景是高空槽东移,耦合了＂天鹅＂台风动力阻塞维持在川渝地区的西南低涡,南侵的冷空气和西南急流输送的暖湿气流交汇,形成明显的气旋性辐合,导致不断有中小尺度对流系统的生成、发展,且降水过程中一直维持较好的水汽输送条件;湿位涡对本次降水落区有较好的指示意义,由于强降水湿位涡负值中心上空的大尺度下沉气流、强上升气流的倾斜程度和最大锋生强迫区的位置和强度,强降水落区（重庆西部）位于负值中心（四川盆地）暖气流一侧;垂直螺旋度发展演变与暴雨有着密切的关系,当螺旋度等值线密集（稀疏）时,强降水发生（减弱或结束）,且暴雨发生时,总是伴随着高（低）空正（负）垂直螺旋度的耦合发生。  相似文献   

Precipitation change and human impacts on hydrologic variables in Zhengshui River Basin, China   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

Juan Du  Fei He  Zhao Zhang  Peijun Shi 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2011,25(7):1013-1025

Climate change and anthropogenic impacts on hydrologic variables have received significant attention in recent years. We assessed stream flow and water level in the Zhengshui River basin, China, in the period 1960 to 2003 in response to precipitation variation and anthropogenic factors. Analyses of daily discharge and water level records, and derived annual, seasonal and monthly series, showed that Zhengshui River flows had a significant increasing trend, with an abrupt change point in 1990. There was a significant decreasing water level trend with an abrupt change point in 1995. Human activities and precipitation contributed 53 and 47%, respectively, to increase in stream flow during 1991–2003. Anthropogenic activities such as sand dredging, dominated the decrease in water level during 1994–2003. Human-induced land use change, soil erosion and sand excavation driven by rapid economic development have played a more important role than precipitation variation in hydrological changes in the Zhengshui River basin over the past 50 years.  相似文献   

Effect of eutrophication on molluscan community composition in the Lake Dianchi (China, Yunnan)   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Li-Na Du  Yuan Li  Xiao-Yong Chen  Jun-Xing Yang 《Limnologica》2011,41(3):213-219

In this paper, three historical biodiversity datasets (from 1940s, 1980–1999 and 2000–2004) and results from the recent inventory are used to trace the long-term changes of the mollusks in the eutrophic Lake Dianchi. Comparison of the obtained results with those of earlier investigations performed during the period of 1940s and 1980–1999 as well as 2000–2004 showed that changes have occurred in the interval. There were 31 species and 2 sub-species recorded prior to the 1940s, but the species richness decreased from a high level of 83 species and 7 sub-species to 16 species and one sub-species from 1990s to the early of 21st century in lake body. Species from the genera of Kunmingia, Fenouilia, Paraprygula, Erhaia, Assiminea, Galba, Rhombuniopsis, Unionea and Aforpareysia were not found in Dianchi basin after 2000. The species from the genera Lithoglyphopsis, Tricula, Bithynia, Semisulcospira and Corbicula were only found in the springs and upstream rivers. Anoxia and the changing of substrates and fish species composition could explain why molluscan community composition changed in eutrophic Lake Dianchi. Additionally, the different sampling methods and ignore of the specific groups in earlier studies are cause for Sphaerium and Pisidium first found in our study. This study is first time to enlarge the investigation region to the Dianchi basin. Although some endemic species disappeared in the lake body, they still distribute in the springs and upstream rivers. The springs and upstream rivers are important refuges for mollusks.  相似文献   

Chemical characterization of naturally weathered oil residues in the sediment from Yellow River Delta, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Wang C  Du J  Gao X  Duan Y  Sheng Y 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,62(11):2469-2475

With its close proximity to Shengli Oilfield, China’s second largest oilfield, the Yellow River Delta is at high risk for crude oil contamination. The massive oil discharge in oilfield may offer a chance for a natural experiment to investigate compositional changes of oil residues and study the stability of source- and weathering-dependent molecular parameters in oil residues after spills. The results demonstrate that the conventional diagnostic ratios, such as C₂₉20S/(20S + 20R), C₂₉/C₃₀H, C₃₀βα/αβ, C₃₁22S/(22S + 22R), C₂-DBTs/C₂-PHENs, C₃-DBTs/C₃-PHENs, DBT/MCHRY, CHRY/PHENs, are also valid for oil source identification even after extensive weathering of spilled oils in terrestrial environment, although some exceptions were encountered for extensively weathered sample. Moreover, the ratios of selected specific biomarkers (the oleanane index, the gammacerane index) have been developed and assessed as source indicators. Finally, we find that some maturity parameters based on alkyl naphthalenes and methyl phenanthrenes in petroleum geochemistry, such as the methylnaphthalene ratios (TMNr, TeMNr, PMNr), the methylphenanthrene ratios (MPI-1, MPDF), can be applied for the source identification and correlation at their lightly to moderately weathered stage.  相似文献