Some effects of the Atlantic circulation and of river discharges on the residual circulation of the North Sea     

Dr. Ernst Maier-Reimer 《Ocean Dynamics》1979,32(3):126-130

  相似文献   

The Equatorial Glaciers of New Guinea—Results of the 1971–1973 Australian Universities' Expeditions to Irian Jaya: Survey, glaciology, meteorology, biology and palaeoenvironments : Edited by G. S. Hope, J. A. Peterson, U. Radok, and I. Allison. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 1976, 244 pp. $14.80     

Ernst Lffler 《Quaternary Research》1979,11(3):388-389

  相似文献   

Geologic evolution of the westernmost part of the internal Betic zone (Betic Cordilleras,Southern Spain)     

Dr. Theodor Ernst Felder 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1980,69(1):131-148

The Serranía de Ronda (western Betic Cordilleras, S-Spain) is formed by different tectonic units of the Betic internal domain. Stratigraphic correlations of the Permo-Triassic and Triassic sedimentary sequences imply that one part of the Mesozoic carbonates of the Rondaides (Dorsale bétique), namely the Cabrilla unit (Dorsale interne), is shearedoff from the frontal part of the Malaguides, and another part (Nieves unit, Dorsale externe) forms the Mesozoic cover of the alpujarride Casares unit. The first alpine compressional phases took place in the Paleogene; post-metamorphic movements followed in the time between the Upper Aquitanian and the Upper Tortonian. From geometrical considerations it can be concluded that the Malaguides originated paleogeographically from a more internal region than the Alpujarrides.

---

Zusammenfassung Am Aufbau der Serranía de Ronda (westliche Betische Kordilleren, S-Spanien) nehmen verschiedene Einheiten der betischen Intemzonen teil. Stratigraphische Vergleiche der permotriadischen und triadischen Sedimentserien erlauben den Schluß, daß die mesozoischen Karbonate der Rondaiden (Dorsale bétique) zu einem Teil (Cabrilla-Einheit, Dorsale interne) von der frontalen Partie der Malagiden abglitten und zum anderen Teil (Nieves-Einheit, Dorsale externe) das abgescherte Mesozoikum der alpujarriden Casares-Einheit bilden. Die ersten alpinen Kompressionsphasen sind im Paleogen anzusetzen, da für mesozoische Deckenbewegungen beweiskräftige Argumente fehlen. Zwischen Oberaquitanian und Obertortonian fanden post-metamorphe Überschiebungen statt. Aus geometrischen Gründen wird angenommen, daß die Malagiden paläogeographisch internerer Herkunft sein müssen als die benachbarten Alpujarriden.

---

Resumen La Serranía de Ronda (Cordilleras béticas occidentales, Prov. Málaga) está formado por diferentes unidades del conjunto bético interno. Correlaciones estratigráficas del Permo-Triásico y del Triásico de los diferentes unidades permiten la conclusión que los Rondáides (Dorsal bética) está por una parte (unidad de Cabrilla, Dorsal interna) el revestimiento mesozóico de la parte frontal de los mantos maláguides, y por otra parte (unidad de las Nievas, Dorsal externa) la parte mesozóica de la unidad alpujárride de Casares. Las primeras fases alpinas de compresión deben ser situadas en el Paleógeno. Las traslaciones post-metamórficas de mantos son de edad aquitaniense superior hasta pre-tortoniense superior. Con argumentación geométrica se puede concluir que los Maláguides son de un orígen paleográfico más interno que los Alpujárrides.

---

( , . « » , (Dorsale bétique) ( , Dorsale interne) , ( , Dorsale externe) . .. , . - . , , .

  相似文献   

Runoff and erosion processes and rates in the Zin valley badlands,northern Negev,Israel     

A. Yair  H. Lavee  R. B. Bryan  E. Adar 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1980,5(3):205-225

Badland areas are usually regarded as impermeable zones which generate high runoff and are very vulnerable to sheetwash and rainsplash. To test those considerations sprinkling experiments using two rainfall simulators were carried out on slopes of varying aspect in the northern Negev (Israel). For one unit 1·5 m² plots were used with rainfall of natural characteristics at 36 mm/hr intensity and 43–48 minute duration, runoff being recorded and water/sediment samples taken every 5 minutes. The second unit was used on 30–50 m² plots but rainfall energy production was below that of natural rainfall. Results show that due to the high stability and strong flocculation of clay-rich aggregates rainsplash is ineffective in surface sealing so that infiltration capacities remain high despite intense, prolonged rainfall. Aspect differences are reflected in variation of surface properties despite homogenous bed-rock, which cause marked differences in hydrological response. North-facing slopes respond more quickly, more frequently and produce more runoff than south-facing slopes. Non-uniform runoff generation is also seen within plots of one aspect reflecting subtle variations in surface properties. Comparison of rainfall intensity and duration used during the experiments with those prevailing under natural conditions shows that under present day conditions surface flow in the Zin valley badlands must be extremely infrequent and denudation rates very low.  相似文献   

Stratigraphisch-fazielle Identifizierung von Sedimenten auf chemisch-geologischem Wege     

Dozent Dr. Werner Ernst 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1966,55(1):21-29

Zusammenfassung Die Bor-Gehalte des paralischen Oberkarbons sind vorwiegend von der ursprünglichen Salinität im Ablagerungsgebiet abhängig. Daneben scheint das Klima eine Auswirkung zu haben, die sich durch die Erhöhung der Bor-Gehalte vom Westfal B an und im Rotliegenden, Keuper und Tertiär bemerkbar macht.

---

The boron contents of the paralic Upper Carboniferous depend principally on the original salinity in the area of sedimentation. Besides, the climate appears to have an effect that manifests itself by increase in the boron contents from the Westphalian B on and in the Rotliegendes, Keuper and tertiary.

---

Résumé Les teneurs en bore du Carbonifère supérieur pralique dépendent avant tout de la salinité originale de la région de sédimentation. Par ailleurs, le climat paraît avoir eu une influence qui se traduit par un accroissement des teneurs en bore dans le Westphalien B, le Rotliegende, le Keuper et le Tertiaire.

---

. , .

  相似文献   

Das Sockelstockwerk in den Randzonen der Urkontinente     

Prof. Dr. Ernst H. Ackermann 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1965,54(2):796-812

The rocks of the cratonic foreland extend underneath many orogens, where they are subjected to “regeneration” during the geosynclinal phase and to superimposed structures during the folding of the orogen. Such structural and metamorphic alterations are now exposed in the “Sockelstockwerk” of certain orogenic belts in Africa, America, Australia and Europe. In this deep level, originally situated between the bottom of the geosyncline and the migmatite stockwerk, the following zones have been observed along the total length of the orogenic belt: border zone along the margin of the cratonic foreland: broad belt with superimposed structures of two (ore more) different orogenic deformations; main vergency fan, marking the central axis of the orogen. This fan often is a lineament with deep roots and a structure of continental importance.  相似文献   

Microwave remote sensing of sea ice in the AIDJEX Main Experiment     

W. J. Campbell  J. Wayenberg  J. B. Ramseyer  R. O. Ramseier  M. R. Vant  R. Weaver  A. Redmond  L. Arsenaul  P. Gloersen  H. J. Zwally  T. T. Wilheit  T. C. Chang  D. Hall  L. Gray  D. C. Meeks  M. L. Bryan  F. T. Barath  C. Elachi  F. Leberl  T. Farr 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1978,13(1-4):309-337

During the AIDJEX Main Experiment, April 1975 through May 1976, a comprehensive microwave sensing program was performed on the sea ice of the Beaufort Sea. Surface and aircraft measurements were obtained during all seasons using a wide variety of active and passive microwave sensors. The surface program obtained passive microwave measurements of various ice types using four antennas mounted on a tracked vehicle. In three test regions, each with an area of approximately 1.5 × 10⁴ m², detailed ice crystallographic, dielectric properties, and brightness temperatures of first-year, multiyear, and first-year/multiyear mixtures were measured. A NASA aircraft obtained passive microwave measurements of the entire area of the AIDJEX manned station array (triangle) during each of 18 flights. This verified the earlier reported ability to distinguish first-year and multiyear ice types and concentration and gave new information on ways to observe ice mixtures and thin ice types. The active microwave measurements from aircraft included those from an X- and L-band radar and from a scatterometer. The former is used to study a wide variety of ice features and to estimate deformations, while both are equally usable to observe ice types. With the present data, only the scatterometer can be used to distinguish positively multiyear from first-year and various types of thin ice. This is best done using coupled active and passive microwave sensing.We dedicate this work to our beloved friend William NordbergHe pioneered in microwave ice observations, and his brilliance and enthusiasm inspired all of us.  相似文献   

Ergebnisse von Messungen über den Wärmehaushalt eines künstlich erwärmten Flusses     

Dr. Ernst Rudel 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1977,25(3):281-292

  相似文献   

Oldest Atlantic seafloor     

W. B. Bryan  F. A. Frey  G. Thompson 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1977,64(2):223-242

Basalt recovered beneath Jurassic sediments in the western Atlantic at Deep Sea Drilling Project sites 100 and 105 of leg 11 has petrographic features characteristic of water-quenched basalt extruded along modern ocean ridges. Site 100 basalt appears to represent two or three massive cooling units, and an extrusive emplacement is probable. Site 105 basalt is less altered and appears to be a compositionally homogeneous pillow lava sequence related to a single eruptive episode.Although the leg 11 basalts are much more closely related in time to the Triassic lavas and intrusives of eastern continental North America, their geochemical features are closely comparable to those of modern Mid-Atlantic Ridge basalts unrelated to postulated mantle plume activity. Projection of leg 11 sites back along accepted spreading flow lines to their presumed points of origin shows that these origins are also outside the influence of modern plume activity. Thus, these oldest Atlantic seafloor basalts provide no information on the time of initiation of these plumes. The Triassic continental diabases show north to south compositional variations in Rb, Ba, La, and Sr which lie within the range of plume-related basalt on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (20 °–40 °N). This suggests that these diabases had mantle sources similar in composition to those beneath the present Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Plumes related to deep mantle sources may have contributed to the LIL-element enrichment in the Triassic diabase and may alos have been instrumental in initiating the rifting of the North Atlantic. Systematically high values for K and Sr⁸⁷/Sr⁸⁶ in the Triassic diabases may reflect superimposed effects of crustal contamination in the Triassic magmas.Contribution Number 3953 from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  相似文献   

A MEXICAN CORPORATE CAMPAIGN IN CONSERVATION     

Ernst Griffin  Howard W. Dennis 《The Professional geographer》1969,21(5):358-359

  相似文献