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排序方式: 共有250条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Simultaneous stabilization of arsenic, lead, and copper in contaminated soil using mixed waste resources 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keun-Young Lee Deok Hyun Moon Sang-Ho Lee Kyoung-Woong Kim Kyung-Hoon Cheong Jeong-Hun Park Yong Sik Ok Yoon-Young Chang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(6):1813-1820
In the present study, stabilization treatment using waste resource stabilizers was performed for soil contaminated with As and heavy metals (Pb and Cu). Calcined oyster shell (COS) and coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS) were used as a mixed stabilizing agent for a wet-curing duration of 28 days. After the stabilization treatment, the treatment process efficiency was evaluated by the results of various batch- and column-leaching tests. Neutral and weak acid extraction methods, such as water-soluble extraction and SPLP, did not exhibit satisfactory results for heavy metal stabilization, even if they showed very low leachability. On the other hand, TCLP and 0.1 M HCl extraction showed that the stabilizers significantly reduced the amount of heavy metals leached from the soil, which strongly supports the thesis that the stabilization treatment is efficient in the acidic leaching conditions that were explored. Specifically, in the 0.1 M HCl extraction, the reduction efficiencies of As, Pb, and Cu leachings were more than 90 %, compared with control experiments. This study demonstrates that the application of waste resources for the stabilization of As and heavy metals is feasible. However, some limitations observed in the experiments should be considered in future studies, such as the mobilization of alkali-soluble elements, and in particular, exchangeable fractions of Cu. In addition, the treatment efficiency can be evaluated by different leaching methods, which suggests that multidirectional approaches are required for the proper evaluation of stabilization treatment. 相似文献
52.
Pamela Woo Arun K. Misra Mehdi Keshmiri 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2013,117(3):263-277
Relative motion of binary asteroids, modeled as the full two-body planar problem, is studied, taking into account the shape and mass distribution of the bodies. Using the Lagrangian approach, the equations governing the motion are derived. The resulting system of four equations is nonlinear and coupled. These equations are solved numerically. In the particular case where the bodies have inertial symmetry, these equations can be reduced to a single equation, with small nonlinearity. The method of multiple scales is used to obtain a first-order solution for the reduced nonlinear equation. The solution is shown to be sufficient when compared with the numerical solution. Numerical results are provided for different example cases, including truncated-cone-shaped and peanut-shaped bodies. 相似文献
53.
The purpose of this study was to compare enzymatic biomarker activities in fish caged at two sites, Masan Bay (contaminated) and Haeguemgang (reference). In the present study, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), brain acetyl cholinesterase (bAChE), muscle acetyl cholinesterase (mAChE) and butyryl cholinesterase (mBChE) in caged rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) were measured 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after caging. The level of CYP1A mRNA and Protein expression was induced higher in Masan Bay at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days after caging. EROD activity in the caged fish was significantly higher in Masan Bay than in Haeguemgang 3 and 7 days after caging, but not at 14 and 30 days after caging. bAChE activity was significantly inhibited at 7 and 14 days after caging in Masan Bay. However, mBChE activity was not significantly inhibited during the experiment. Taken together, the data suggest that the caged fish were exposed, at least transiently, to CYP1A inducers and ChE inhibitors, which is consistent with our previous observations. 相似文献
54.
Evaluation of heavy metal contamination and implication of multiple sources from Hunchun basin, northeastern China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J.-W. Moon H.-S. Moon N.-C. Woo J.-S. Hahn J.-S. Won Y. Song X. Lin Y. Zhao 《Environmental Geology》2000,39(9):1039-1052
Present concentrations and distributions of heavy metals through profiles, surface soil, and stream sediment samples in the
Hunchun area, north-eastern China, were investigated to determine the elemental background values. This study also aims to
characterize potentially toxic materials such as pulverized fly ash (PFA) from power stations or ash and slag from coal used
domestically in urban areas, agrochemicals applied inappropriately, and urban sewage sludges from Hunchun City, as well as
to ascertain the possibility of natural enrichment through site characterization by mineralogical and geochemical investigation.
The distribution of contaminants in the alluvial soils (fluvisol) of this area has been influenced by several interacting
factors. The parent alluvial materials from weathered products of amphiboles have made coatings such as ferrihydrite, goethite,
and hematite. This natural inheritance factor is supported by the fact that the concentrations of weak acid-extractable (plant-available)
heavy metals are very low, except for Fe and Mn. However, in agricultural soils and adjacent stream sediments, an anthropogenic
input of Cd, Pb, Ni and Cr by agrochemicals is strongly suggested. Also, F contamination by coal combustion and the dissolution
of F-bearing minerals could cause some future problems. Wide distribution and significantly high concentrations of Cd, Fe,
Mn, and F in soils throughout the combination of pollutants originating from lithogenic and the anthropogenic sources pose
potential problems in utilizing water resources.
Received: 14 June 1999 · Accepted: 27 December 1999 相似文献
55.
D. Cline A. Curioni A. Lamarina G. Mannocchi S. Otwinowski L. Periale R. Periale P. Picchi F. Pietropaolo H. Wang J. Woo 《Astroparticle Physics》2000,12(4):373-377
We describe an important new technique to search for WIMPs. This technique employs a method of background discrimination using double phase xenon as detector target. We describe the construction of a two-phase, 1-kg xenon detector. The detector will be installed at the underground laboratory in the Mt. Blanc tunnel, which provides a low background rate. A comparison between the sensitivity curve of our detector and the theoretical events limit from SUSY calculations is presented. 相似文献
56.
57.
Probabilistic criteria for volcano evacuation decisions 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Gordon Woo 《Natural Hazards》2008,45(1):87-97
One of the most challenging decisions in the domain of natural hazards is whether to evacuate a densely populated region around
a volcano that appears to threaten a major eruption. The economic expense of mass evacuation is high, yet the cost in possible
human casualties is potentially much greater if an evacuation is not called, or is called late. To assist officials in weighing
these considerations, probabilistic criteria for evacuation decision-making are developed within a cost-benefit analysis framework.
It is shown that such criteria may be quantitatively expressed in terms of the proportion of the evacuees owing their lives
to the evacuation call. The underlying principles are illustrated with some case studies where eruption probabilities have
been estimated. 相似文献
58.
59.
Papathoma-Koehle Maria Promper Catrin Bojariu Roxana Cica Roxana Sik Andrs Perge Kinga Lszl Peter Czikora Erika Balzs Dumitrescu Alexandru Turcus Cosmin Birsan Marius-Victor Velea Liliana Glade Thomas 《Natural Hazards》2016,81(1):89-115
This paper reports on a quantitative estimation of the risk to residents at the toe of Mount Albino, a carbonatic relief covered by shallow deposits of pyroclastic soils, which threatens the municipality of Nocera Inferiore (southern Italy). The quantitative risk analysis (QRA) focuses on one type of mass transport phenomena typical for the context at hand, namely the hyperconcentrated flows. The methodological approach includes three main steps: hazard analysis, consequence analysis and risk estimation. Based on historical incident data, the hazard analysis makes use of a high-resolution digital terrain model and advanced models that incorporate relevant geological and geotechnical input data collected via in situ investigations and laboratory tests. The consequence analysis takes into account information on the exposed persons (age, gender) and their vulnerability. The estimated risk to life is calculated at the individual level (risk to the average and most exposed person). The reported procedure is one of the first QRA’s applications to instabilities which potentially affect natural slopes in Italy, and it was successfully used as technical basis for a public participatory process in Nocera Inferiore, designed and developed to support decisions about risk mitigation measures. 相似文献
60.
To evaluate the applicability of a diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT) probe for monitoring dissolved metals in coastal seawater, DGT-labile metal concentrations were compared with total dissolved metal concentrations using spiked and natural seawater samples in the laboratory and transplanted mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis). This was achieved through the simultaneous deployment of DGT probes and transplanted mussels in Ulsan Bay during winter and summer. DGT-labile metal concentrations were 45% (Cu) ~ 90% (Zn) of total dissolved concentrations, and the order of non-labile concentrations was Cu > Pb > Co ~ Ni > Cd ~ Zn in both metal-contaminated and non-contaminated seawater samples, which was similar to the order of stability of metal complexes in the Irving–Williams series. The overall variability of the DGT probe results within and between tanks was less than 10% (relative standard deviation: RSD) for all the metals tested during a 48-h deployment. The accumulation of metals, as determined by DGT probes, represented the spatial gradients better than the transplanted mussels did for all of the metals tested, and the extent of metal accumulation in mussels differed depending on the metal. The comparison of results for the DGT probe and the transplanted mussels in two seasons (winter and summer) suggested that metal accumulation in mussels was controlled by the physiological factors of mussels and partly by their diet (particulate metal loadings). The DGT probe could be used as a monitoring tool for dissolved metals in coastal seawater because its results explained only labile species. When using the DGT probe, slightly more than half of the total dissolved concentration in seawater samples for all the metals investigated displayed timeintegrated properties and distinct spatial gradients from pristine to metal-contaminated seawater. 相似文献