银矿自然重砂矿物组合规律及其找矿意义     

罗微  张恒星  王曼丽  董国臣  张翔  代友旭  景国庆 《地质通报》2014,33(12):1909-1917

根据20世纪60年代全国范围内展开的自然重砂测量工作所累积的自然重砂数据资料,统计了全国各省72个典型银矿床的自然重砂情况,通过计算和分析各自然重砂矿物在所对应的类型的矿床中的报出频率,得出火山沉积型、沉积型、变质型、侵入岩型4种类型的银矿所对应的自然重砂矿物组合。展现这4种类型矿床的重砂矿物组合的相似之处及不同之处。按照这种方式建立的不同矿床类型的自然重砂矿物组合,对于建立自然重砂找矿模型具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

Multi-level analysis of field synergy in the displacement mechanisms of heavy oil thermal recovery     

Yang Liu  Qinglin Cheng  Xuxu Wang  Xinyao Xiang 《Acta Geotechnica》2014,9(1):59-65

One of the major problems of heavy oil thermal recovery is the inadequacy of understanding the multi-field coupling displacement mechanisms to improve the oil production and extraction ratio. From the perspective of “force” and “flow” in thermodynamics, oil displacement fields are divided into three groups: destination, driving and resistance potential fields. Based on the seepage law, the compositional structure of driving and resistance potential fields has been established by making use of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In addition, coupling indexes among driving, resistance and a combination of both potential fields can be deduced. Then, the main process of multi-level analysis of oil displacement mechanism of field synergy in the process of heavy oil thermal recovery can be put forward. A practical multi-level case study of typical hot-water flooding displacement can provide useful information and guidance to enhance the displacement process.  相似文献   

Landsliding triggered by reservoir operation: a general conceptual model with a case study at Three Gorges Reservoir   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jinge Wang  Wei Xiang  Ning Lu 《Acta Geotechnica》2014,9(5):771-788

The Three Gorge Reservoir, one of the largest civil engineering projects in human history, dams the Yangtze River to form a 660-km-long and 1.13-km-wide reservoir. Today, although the project has been completed and is in normal operation, the on-going landslide initiation and movement in response to the reservoir operating is one of the main geologic hazards. The Huangtupo (meaning “yellow soil slope” in Chinese) Slope typifies such on-going landslides along the reservoir. Observations from a multi-year monitoring program conducted on this slope indicate that there are multiple slides on the reservoir banks that move episodically into the reservoir and their movements appear to be highly correlated with the initial and seasonal changes in the reservoir pool level. A hydro-mechanical numerical model is constructed to investigate the quantitative links among the episodic movements and the variations in pore water pressure, suction stress, hydrostatic reservoir water loading, and slope self-weight induced by the fluctuating water levels. Modeling results identify regions within the variably saturated slope where significant changes in stress occur during the periods of the initial impoundment that raised water levels from 68 to 135 m and that occur in response to seasonal fluctuations of the reservoir pool level between 145 and 175 m. We find that the rise or decline of reservoir pool level can either increase or decrease the stability of landslide. In general, hydrostatic reservoir water loading has positive correlation with the stability; pore water pressure and suction stress have negative correlation with the stability; and the effects of slope self-weight depend on the dip angle and mechanical properties of sliding surface.  相似文献   

重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查进展          下载免费PDF全文

朱继良  付杰  王赛  孙建平  马鑫  许模  孙东  陈思 《中国地质调查》2014,6(5):64-73

紧密结合国家非常规能源勘探开发的重大战略,聚焦重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查工作,总结了研究区岩溶发育特征与分布规律,评价了涪陵页岩气开发区区域水资源量和地下水质量。在此基础上,收集分析国内外资料,梳理了页岩气勘查开发所引发的6类环境(地质)问题及勘查、钻井、压裂、开采、闭井等5个阶段需关注的地质环境问题或风险等,其中涪陵页岩气勘查开发区主要诱发水土污染、地质灾害和大气污染等环境(地质)问题; 基本识别了2种地下水污染模式、3种污染类型及可能的地下水污染风险途径; 初步确定了涪陵页岩气勘查开发区污染指示性特征因子,并形成了页岩气勘查开发区地质环境影响评价指标体系,可指导页岩气勘查开发的环境地质调查。该研究为页岩气国家新型清洁能源的绿色开发和开发区生态文明建设提供支撑。  相似文献   

汉江流域硫铁矿区厚子河支流水质评价研究          下载免费PDF全文

代贞伟  王磊  贺小黑  伏永朋  潘伟  章昱 《中国地质调查》2014,6(5):83-88

为查明厚子河不同区域河水受硫铁矿污染的程度,在厚子河支流4个典型河流断面采集水样,开展水质全分析测试,并采用单因子评价法和综合水质标识指数法进行评价分析。研究结果表明: (1)运用单因子评价法对硫铁矿区厚子河水质评价的结果无差异,均为劣Ⅴ类水; 而运用综合水质标识指数法的评价结果显示,距离硫铁矿开采区由近及远的4个断面HZ001、HZ002、HZ003、HZ004的综合水质标识指数逐渐下降,水质类别分别为劣Ⅴ类且黑臭、劣Ⅴ类但不黑臭、Ⅳ类、Ⅲ类,符合现场调查的实际情况,能够反映距离污染源越远时河水水质趋好的总体态势; (2)综合水质标识指数法不仅可以客观反映同一河流各个断面所处的综合水质类别、同一水质类别中受污染的不同程度以及与水环境功能区类别的比较结果,而且能够实现对劣V类水质污染程度的精细划分,相较于单因子评价法更加客观、科学、全面,适用于矿山开采等重污染区域河流断面水质污染情况的研判。  相似文献   

河北省尚义县松树沟石墨矿矿床地球化学特征及成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

王广  齐新国  付茂英  田腾飞 《中国地质调查》2014,6(6):29-34

以河北省尚义县松树沟石墨矿的地球化学特征数据为基础,通过与内蒙古兴和石墨矿床进行对比,探究矿床成矿环境,进而分析其矿床成因。岩石学和地球化学分析结果表明: 松树沟石墨矿赋矿层位为集宁岩群下白窑岩组,矿石类型为黑云斜长变粒岩石墨矿石,工业类型为晶质鳞片状石墨; 岩石地球化学特征为高硅、高铝、低碱,具有孔兹岩系特征; 原岩形成在缺氧的弱还原环境,具铕负异常特征; 其变质原岩为富碳质和富铝质的泥质碎屑岩,原岩沉积环境总体为准稳定地理环境,岩石通过区域变质作用形成晶质石墨矿床。对松树沟石墨矿床地质特征和区域成矿规律的研究成果,对区域找矿工作具有重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

金川铜镍硫化物矿床2号矿体铂族及亲铜元素地球化学特征     

王亮  陈列锰  宋谢炎  江金进  符志强  王玉山  潘小平 《矿床地质》2014,33(4):727-741

系统分析了金川Ⅱ号岩体中2号矿体西端、中部和东端的硫化物矿石中的铂族元素(PGE)和亲铜元素地球化学特征,以期探讨这些元素的空间变化规律及其成因,以及对金川矿床成矿过程的指示意义。研究结果表明:100%硫化物中,PGE(Ir、Ru、Rh、Pt、Pd)总体从西端到东端逐渐降低,且浸染状矿石和海绵陨铁状矿石的100%硫化物中PGE和亲铜元素含量的变化特征相似。表明金川2号矿体硫化物矿石的PGE和亲铜元素的含量主要受硫化物熔离作用的约束,硫化物熔体分离结晶和后期热液蚀变影响不明显。2号矿体浸染状矿石的100%硫化物中,PGE和亲铜元素含量总体低于1号矿体浸染状矿石的含量,但是前者西端的样品与后者东端的样品,上述元素特征相似,暗示二者是同一岩浆通道系统中硫化物熔离的产物,并且硫化物熔离形成2号矿体时具有比1号矿体低的R值,这也暗示了含矿岩浆是自1号矿体向2号矿体流动的。  相似文献   

Time to Failure Prediction Scheme for Rocks     

Xiang Li  Heinz Konietzky 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(4):1493-1503

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Investigation of karst hydrological processes by using grey auto-incidence analysis     

Yonghong Hao  Xiang Chen  Xuemeng Wang 《Natural Hazards》2014,71(2):1017-1024

The karst hydrological processes are the response of karst groundwater system to precipitation. The precipitation penetrates through the vadose zone, the subsequent groundwater pressure wave propagates to a spring outlet, and then, the spring discharge changes. This paper proposes a grey auto-incidence analysis for studying the karst hydrological processes. The method can detect the periodicity of a time series, for example, precipitation and spring discharge. Then the approach is applied to Liulin Springs Basin, China. The results show that the auto-incidence degree of precipitation reaches to the maximum (i.e., 0.816) when time delay equals to 8 years. The auto-incidence degree of spring discharge reaches to the maximum (i.e., 0.865) when time delay equals to 3 years. These results show that the periodicity of precipitation is 8 years, and of spring discharge is 3 years. The difference of periodicity between the precipitation and the spring discharge reveals that the processes of precipitation recharging groundwater and groundwater transport are regulated or controlled by karst aquifer. Because of heterogeneity of karst aquifer, the quick flow and base flow occur during the groundwater propagation, which causes the periodicity of spring discharge is not coincidence with of precipitation.  相似文献   

中国东北地区中生代构造体制的转变:来自火山岩时空分布与岩石组合的制约   总被引：13，自引：3，他引：10  

孟凡超  刘嘉麒  崔岩  高金亮  刘祥  童英 《岩石学报》2014,30(12):3569-3586

东北地区中生代经历了蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造体系向太平洋构造体系的转换,形成了不同期次火山活动。本文归纳总结了露头区与覆盖区中生代火山岩的年代学、空间分布、岩石组合以及地球化学特征,揭示了两个构造域的时空分布范围。该区火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄统计结果表明中生代存在五期火山活动:早-中侏罗世(190~160Ma)、晚侏罗世(160~145Ma)、早白垩世早期(145~120Ma)、早白垩世晚期(120~100Ma)、晚白垩世早期(100~90Ma)。早-中侏罗世火山岩分布较少,火山岩仅分布在大兴安岭西部满洲里地区和东部张广才岭以及南侧辽宁北票-朝阳地区,火山岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,为蒙古-鄂霍茨克海闭合和法拉隆板块双俯冲作用的产物。晚侏罗世东北地区火山活动明显增强,主要分布在大兴安岭地区,张广才岭以及小兴安岭也有少量分布。西部大兴安岭地区以粗面安山岩、粗面岩为主,属于同碰撞造山成因,为蒙古-鄂霍茨克海闭合造山环境产物。东部以中酸性、酸性岩为主,为法拉隆板块背离欧亚大陆,岩石圈伸展引起的壳源物质熔融产物。早白垩世早期火山活动最为强烈,火山岩主要分布在大兴安岭地区。岩性以高钾钙碱性系列的粗面玄武安山岩、粗面安山岩、安山岩、粗面岩为主,为蒙古-鄂霍茨克海闭合造山后伸展环境产物。早白垩世晚期火山岩主要分布在松辽盆地内部。火山岩以中酸性岩为主,属于中钾-高钾钙碱性系列,为伊泽奈崎板块俯冲引起的弧后拉张,软流圈上涌导致年轻地壳熔融的产物。晚白垩世早期火山岩仅分布在小兴安岭及吉林、黑龙江省东部地区。火山岩为一套玄武岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩和英安岩组合,属于中钾钙碱性系列,是伊泽奈崎-库拉板块高角度俯冲的大陆边缘岩浆活动产物。东北地区中生代不同期次火山岩记录了蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造域向太平洋构造域转换过程及其时空影响范围。  相似文献