Flow pattern and sediment transport in a braided river: The “torrent de St Pierre” (French Alps)     

P. Meunier  F. Mtivier  E. Lajeunesse  A.S. Mriaux  Joël Faure 《Journal of Hydrology》2006,330(3-4):496-505

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Investigation of mechanistic formulations depicting phytoplankton dynamics for models of marine pelagic ecosystems and description of a new model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Baklouti  F. Diaz  V. Faure  B. Quéguiner 《Progress in Oceanography》2006,71(1):1-33

Realistic modelling of marine ecosystems is necessary for improving our understanding of the ocean’s biogeochemical state and for predicting their response to anthropic perturbations. An essential step in achieving this task is the use of mechanistic formulations to describe the biogeochemical processes involved in the dynamics of marine pelagic ecosystems. This study provides a review on some modelling strategies for some of the key processes involved in the dynamics of phytoplankton. It encompasses the most advanced work in terms of mechanistic understanding and, therefore, mainly deals with photosynthesis (including photoacclimation and photoinhibition), respiration, and nutrient uptake (including multi-limitation of algal growth by nutrients). We highlight, that in many ecosystem models, phytoplankton processes are still described more or less empirically, mainly due to a lack of biochemical knowledge, or if a mechanistic formulation exists, the parameters are often difficult to assess experimentally. As a result of this investigation, a preliminary structure for a generic phytoplankton model is delivered in the last section of this paper. This model includes a mechanistic representation of photosynthesis/photoinhibition based on photosystem II status, as well as new formulations for photoacclimation and dissolved organic matter exudation processes. The model sensitivity analysis with regard to its parameters and a comparison with chemostat experimental data are presented in a companion paper [Baklouti, M., Faure, V., Pawlowski, L., Sciandra, A., 2006. Investigation and sensitivity analysis of a mechanistic phytoplankton model implemented in a new modular numerical tool (Eco3M) dedicated to biogeochemical modelling. Progress in Oceanography]. Finally, this new class of multi-element, multi-species phytoplankton models will provide the basis for future studies on ecosystem modelling.  相似文献   

Monazite U–Th–Pb EPMA and zircon U–Pb SIMS chronological constraints on the tectonic,metamorphic, and thermal events in the inner part of the Variscan orogen,example from the Sioule series,French Massif Central     

Damien Do Couto  Michel Faure  Romain Augier  Alain Cocherie  Philippe Rossi  Xian-Hua Li  Wei Lin 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2016,105(2):557-579

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Geochronological and geochemical characterization of magmatic-hydrothermal events within the Southern Variscan external domain (Cévennes area,France)     

A. Chauvet  N. Volland-Tuduri  C. Lerouge  V. Bouchot  P. Monié  X. Charonnat  M. Faure 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2012,101(1):69-86

Geochronological, mineralogical, and geochemical analyses have been focussed on the Mont-Lozère-Borne plutonic complex and surrounding rocks (Cévennes, French Massif Central) in which B–W-Sn and As-Au-Sb mineralization is encountered. Two main results are highlighted: (1) the existence of a 301–306 Ma magmato-hydrothermal event unrelated to the emplacement of the Pont-de-Montvert-Borne plutonic body at 316 Ma; (2) the magmatic and hydrothermal features are strongly associated, both in time and in space, thus demonstrating an intimate connection between mineralizing processes and magmatism in this part of the French Massif Central. We also show that mineralization and associated hydrothermal occurrences do not correspond to a simple and single geochemical signature and that a contamination model must be invoked in order to account for the complexity of isotopic results. This study demonstrates that the application of the O and H isotopic signatures as tracers of the source and nature of fluids in an orogenic context requires some specific care. Finally, a model of the tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of the study area is suggested in which we discuss two alternative scenarios. The first one implies the existence of two different hydrothermal/mineralizing events (Bo-W-Sn and As-Au-Sb ones). The second one suggests the same source for all hydrothermal and mineralized structures.  相似文献   

Occurrence of fossil organic matter in modern environments: Optical, geochemical and isotopic evidence     

Y. Graz  C. Di-GiovanniY. Copard  M. ElieP. Faure  F. Laggoun DefargeJ. Lévèque  R. MichelsJ.E. Olivier 《Applied Geochemistry》2011,26(8):1302-1314

This study relates to the input and fate of fossil organic matter (FOM) in the modern environment, and focuses on two experimental watersheds overlying Jurassic marls: Le Laval and Le Brusquet (1 km² in area), located near Digne, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France. Considering that FOM delivery is mainly a result of different processes affecting sedimentary rocks [(bio)chemical and mechanical weathering], samples from different pools were collected: bedrocks, weathering profiles, soils and riverine particles. The samples were examined using complementary techniques: optical (palynofacies methods), geochemical (Rock-Eval 6 pyrolysis, C/N ratio), molecular (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) and isotopic (stable C isotopic composition). As a result, FOM markers were identified and tracked through the different pools. The results highlight the contribution of FOM, which can be found in all the studied pools. Transfer of FOM between bedrocks/weathering profiles (governed mainly by chemical weathering) and bedrocks/riverine particles (governed mainly by mechanical weathering) reveals any qualitative change. Weathering profiles/soils transition [governed by (bio)chemical weathering] is characterized by alteration of the FOM, which is difficult to describe because fossil material is mixed with recent organic matter (ROM). Despite this latter point, the study provides evidence for a relative resistance of FOM to weathering processes and points to its contribution to the modern geosystem and the C cycle.  相似文献   

Superimposed tectonic and hydrothermal events during the late-orogenic extension in the Western French Massif Central: a structural and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar study     

Jean-Yves Roig  Michel Faure  & Henri Maluski 《地学学报》2002,14(1):25-32

In the Western French Massif Central, the Argentat fault is a major structure through which As–Au fluids percolated in the Late Carboniferous along brittle fractures. New petrostructural investigations show that an early ductile normal-dextral faulting, coeval to leucogranite emplacement took place during the Late Visean syncollisional extension of the belt and was accompanied by a hydrothermal event marked by the growth of muscovites whose ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages cluster around 335 Ma. This early fluid channelling is associated with brittle deformation only in the hangingwall of the Argentat fault, whereas ductile deformation is restricted to the footwall. These results provide new evidence for the upper crust implication during the syncollisional extension in the French Massif Central. This study stresses the interest of a detailed multimethod analysis to characterize hydrothermal processes, especially in basement areas where the tectonic, plutonic and metamorphic evolution is polyphased.  相似文献   

Electron-impact rotational excitation of water     

Alexandre Faure  Jimena D. Gorfinkiel  Jonathan Tennyson 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,347(1):323-333

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On the robustness of the ammonia thermometer     

S. Maret  A. Faure  E. Scifoni  L. Wiesenfeld 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,399(1):425-431

Ammonia inversion lines are often used as probes of the physical conditions in the dense interstellar medium. The excitation temperature between the first two para-metastable (rotational) levels is an excellent probe of the gas kinetic temperature. However, the calibration of this ammonia thermometer depends on the accuracy of the collisional rates with H₂. Here, we present new collisional rates for ortho- and para-NH₃ colliding with  para-H₂( J = 0)  , and investigate the effects of these new rates on the excitation of ammonia. Scattering calculations employ a new, high-accuracy, potential energy surface computed at the coupled-cluster CCSD(T) level with a basis set extrapolation procedure. Rates are obtained for all transitions involving ammonia levels with   J ≤ 3  and for kinetic temperatures in the range 5–100 K. We find that the calibration curve of the ammonia thermometer – which relates the observed excitation temperature between the first two para-metastable levels to the gas kinetic temperature – does not change significantly when these new rates are used. Thus, the calibration of ammonia thermometer appears to be robust. Effects of the new rates on the excitation temperature of inversion and rotation–inversion transitions are also found to be small.  相似文献   

The early Cretaceous orogen-scale Dabieshan metamorphic core complex: implications for extensional collapse of the Triassic HP–UHP orogenic belt in east-central China     

Ji  Wenbin  Lin  Wei  Faure  Michel  Shi  Yonghong  Wang  Qingchen 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2017,106(4):1311-1340

International Journal of Earth Sciences - The Dabieshan massif is famous as a portion of the world’s largest HP–UHP metamorphic belt in east-central China that was built by the Triassic...  相似文献   

The Léon Domain (French Massif Armoricain): a westward extension of the Mid-German Crystalline Rise? Structural and geochronological insights   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Michel Faure  Claire Sommers  Jérémie Melleton  Alain Cocherie  Olivier Lautout 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2010,99(1):65-81

The Léon Domain in the NW part of the French Massif Armoricain is a stack of synmetamorphic nappes displaced from south to north in ductile conditions. From bottom to top, an orthogneissic basement is overthrusted successively by (1) a Lower Nappe of gneiss including mafic eclogites, (2) an Intermediate Nappe of biotite–garnet–staurolite micaschists with mafic blocks, and (3) an upper nappe made up of Neoproterozoic phyllites covered by unmetamorphosed Paleozoic sedimentary series. This microstructural study documents a polyphase evolution with firstly a top-to-the-N shearing, secondly followed by upright folding of the stack of nappes coeval with migmatization, and lastly, a dextral wrenching along the North Armorican Shear Zone associated with emplacement of synkinematic plutons. New U–Th/Pb chemical dating of monazites from biotite–garnet–staurolite micaschists, migmatites, and granitoids argue for 340–335 Ma, 335–327 Ma, and about 320 Ma ages for synthrusting metamorphism, anatexis, and wrenching, respectively. A metagabbro from Le Conquet yields a zircon LA-ICP-MS age of 478 ± 4 Ma, which corresponds to magma emplacement time. The Léon Domain is interpreted as a microcontinent separated from Armorica by the Le Conquet-Penzé suture to the south and east, and from Laurussia by the Rheic suture to the north. A possible correlation with the Mid-German Crystalline Rise of Central Europe is discussed.  相似文献