Observation of a Complex Solar Wind Reconnection Exhaust from Spacecraft Separated by over 1800 R E     

Lavraud  B.  Gosling  J. T.  Rouillard  A. P.  Fedorov  A.  Opitz  A.  Sauvaud  J.-A.  Foullon  C.  Dandouras  I.  Génot  V.  Jacquey  C.  Louarn  P.  Mazelle  C.  Penou  E.  Phan  T. D.  Larson  D. E.  Luhmann  J. G.  Schroeder  P.  Skoug  R. M.  Steinberg  J. T.  Russell  C. T. 《Solar physics》2009,256(1-2):379-392

We analyze Wind, ACE, and STEREO (ST-A and ST-B) plasma and magnetic field data in the vicinity of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) crossed by all spacecraft between 22:15 UT on 31 March and 01:25 UT on 1 April 2007 corresponding to its observation at ST-A and ST-B, which were separated by over 1800 R _E (or over 1200 R _E across the Sun?–?Earth line). Although only Wind and ACE provided good ion flow data in accord with a solar wind magnetic reconnection exhaust at the HCS, the magnetic field bifurcation typical of such exhausts was clearly observed at all spacecraft. They also all observed unambiguous strahl mixing within the exhaust, consistent with the sunward flow deflection observed at Wind and ACE and thus with the formation of closed magnetic field lines within the exhaust with both ends attached to the Sun. The strong dawnward flow deflection in the exhaust is consistent with the exhaust and X-line orientations obtained from minimum variance analysis at each spacecraft so that the X-line is almost along the GSE Z-axis and duskward of all the spacecraft. The observation of strahl mixing in extended and intermittent layers outside the exhaust by ST-A and ST-B is consistent with the formation of electron separatrix layers surrounding the exhaust. This event also provides further evidence that balanced parallel and antiparallel suprathermal electron fluxes are not a necessary condition for identification of closed field lines in the solar wind. In the present case the origin of the imbalance simply is the mixing of strahls of substantially different strengths from a different solar source each side of the HCS. The inferred exhaust orientations and distances of each spacecraft relative to the X-line show that the exhaust was likely nonplanar, following the Parker spiral orientation. Finally, the separatrix layers and exhausts properties at each spacecraft suggest that the magnetic reconnection X-line location and/or reconnection rate were variable in both space and time at such large scales.

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Fog and stratus formation on the coast of Brazil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Natalia Fedorova  Vladimir Levit  Dmitry Fedorov   《Atmospheric Research》2008,87(3-4):268

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On the computation of the pole coordinates     

E. P. Fedorov 《Journal of Geodesy》1959,33(4):29-34

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On surface seismic waves formation     

E. F. Savarensky  S. A. Fedorov  O. E. Starovojt 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1970,82(1):66-84

Summary The interpretation of surface seismic waves records is rather complicated as they include a superposition of oscillations of the fundamental mode and higher modes. Besides recorded oscillations depend on spectral characteristics of motions in earthquakes sources. The consideration of these problems is based on results of surface waves two-dimensional modelling [1]³. Some physical ideas about their formation deals with the change of the nature of the oscillation propagating with dispersion. This report represents a condensate of several independent works. , , . , . , . () . .Scientific communication presented to the IASPEI Assembly, Madrid, 1969.  相似文献   

Regularities in the transformation of oil pollution in watercourses based on long-term observational data     

Yu. A. Fedorov  A. G. Stradomskaya  A. N. Kuznetsov 《Water Resources》2006,33(3):300-309

Results of long-term studies of crude oil transformations in water and bottom sediments of river ecosystems polluted as a result of oil spills are presented. Regularities in changes in the concentration ratio of hydrocarbon and resinous components of oil in water and bottom sediments under the effect of natural selfpurification processes of aquatic ecosystems are found out.  相似文献   

Inorganic geochemistry of the oil of west Siberia: First ICP-MS data     

Yu. N. Fedorov  K. S. Ivanov  Yu. V. Erokhin  Yu. L. Ronkin 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2007,414(4):634-637

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New hydrothermal ore field at 16°38′ N of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge     

V. E. Bel’tenev  A. A. Shagin  V. F. Markov  I. I. Rozhdestvenskaya  L. I. Lazareva  I. P. Fedorov  G. A. Cherkashev  T. V. Stepanova  I. M. Poroshina  V. V. Shilov 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2006,408(1):530-534

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Snowmelt and the hydrological interaction of forest–grassland ecosystems in Central Yakutia,eastern Siberia          下载免费PDF全文

M. L. Lopez Caceres  F. Takakai  G. Iwahana  A. N. Fedorov  Y. Iijima  R. Hatano  M. Fukuda 《水文研究》2015,29(14):3074-3083

In the last two decades the major focus of study in forest water and carbon balances in eastern Siberia has been on the effect of rain during the growing season. Little attention has been paid to the contribution of snowmelt water. The results of the present study indicate that weather conditions during the snowmelt period as well as the soil moisture conditions carried from the previous year's growing season strongly determined the water availability for the forest ecosystem at the beginning of the next growing season. In the forest–grassland intermingled ecosystem of lowland Central Yakutia, gradual snowmelt water flow from the forest into the adjacent grassland depressions increased when soil moisture was high and air temperature was low, whereas low soil moisture and high air temperatures accelerated soil thawing and consequently snowmelt water infiltration into the forest soil. We found that snow depth did not determine the volume of snowmelt water moving to the grassland depression since the thermokarst lake water level in the adjacent grassland was about 25 cm lower in 2005 than in May 2006, even though maximum snow depth reached 57 cm and 43 cm in the winter of 2004–05 and 2005–06, respectively. The contribution of snowmelt water to forest growth as well as the flow of water from the forest to the grasslands showed a strong annual variability. We conclude that warmer springs and high variability in precipitation regimes as a result of climate change will result in more snowmelt water infiltration into the forest soil when the previous year's precipitation is low while more snowmelt water will flow into the thermokarst lake when the previous year's precipitation is high. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

How well do coupled models replicate ocean energetics relevant to ENSO?     

Jaclyn N. Brown  Alexey V. Fedorov  Eric Guilyardi 《Climate Dynamics》2011,36(11-12):2147-2158

Accurate replication of the processes associated with the energetics of the tropical ocean is necessary if coupled GCMs are to simulate the physics of ENSO correctly, including the transfer of energy from the winds to the ocean thermocline and energy dissipation during the ENSO cycle. Here, we analyze ocean energetics in coupled GCMs in terms of two integral parameters describing net energy loss in the system using the approach recently proposed by Brown and Fedorov (J Clim 23:1563?C1580, 2010a) and Fedorov (J Clim 20:1108?C1117, 2007). These parameters are (1) the efficiency ?? of the conversion of wind power into the buoyancy power that controls the rate of change of the available potential energy (APE) in the ocean and (2) the e-folding rate ?? that characterizes the damping of APE by turbulent diffusion and other processes. Estimating these two parameters for coupled models reveals potential deficiencies (and large differences) in how state-of-the-art coupled GCMs reproduce the ocean energetics as compared to ocean-only models and data assimilating models. The majority of the coupled models we analyzed show a lower efficiency (values of ?? in the range of 10?C50% versus 50?C60% for ocean-only simulations or reanalysis) and a relatively strong energy damping (values of ??^?1 in the range 0.4?C1?years versus 0.9?C1.2?years). These differences in the model energetics appear to reflect differences in the simulated thermal structure of the tropical ocean, the structure of ocean equatorial currents, and deficiencies in the way coupled models simulate ENSO.  相似文献   

Deep electromagnetic sounding of the lithosphere in the eastern Baltic (fennoscandian) shield with high-power controlled sources and industrial power transmission lines (FENICS experiment)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

A. A. Zhamaletdinov  A. N. Shevtsov  T. G. Korotkova  Yu. A. Kopytenko  V. S. Ismagilov  M. S. Petrishev  B. V. Efimov  M. B. Barannik  V. V. Kolobov  P. I. Prokopchuk  M. Yu. Smirnov  S. A. Vagin  M. I. Pertel  E. D. Tereshchenko  A. N. Vasil’ev  V. F. Grigoryev  M. B. Gokhberg  V. I. Trofimchik  Yu. M. Yampolsky  A. V. Koloskov  A. V. Fedorov  T. Korja 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2011,47(1):2-22

The paper addresses the technique and the first results of a unique experiment on the deep tensor frequency electromagnetic sounding, the Fennoscandian Electrical conductivity from results of sounding with Natural and Controlled Sources (FENICS). In the experiment, Energy-1 and Energy-2 generators with power of up to 200 kW and two mutually orthogonal industrial 109- and 120-km-long power transmission lines were used. The sounding frequency range was 0.1–200 Hz. The signals were measured in the Kola-Karelian region, in Finland, on Svalbard, and in Ukraine at distances up to 2150 km from the source. The parameters of electric conductivity in the lithosphere are studied down to depths on the order of 50–70 km. A strong lateral homogeneity (the one-dimensionality) of a geoelectric section of the Earth’s crust is revealed below depths of 10–15 km. At the same time, a region with reduced transverse crustal resistivity spread over about 80 000 square kilometers is identified within the depth interval from 20 to 40 km. On the southeast the contour of the anomaly borders the zone of deepening of the Moho boundary down to 60 km in Central Finland. The results are compared with the AMT-MT sounding data and a geodynamic interpretation of the obtained information is carried out.  相似文献