Comment on “nondeterministic theories of climatic change” by E. N. Lorenz     

Franz Fliri 《Quaternary Research》1978,9(2):249-250

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A wind-tunnel study of sea breeze effects     

Yasushi Ogawa  Richard Griffiths  Walter G. Hoydysh 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1975,8(2):141-161

A wind-tunnel simulation of the diffusion patterns in a sea breeze has been attempted. No attempt was made to reproduce the recirculation that characterizes a sea breeze, but the results indicate that the low-level onshore flow was well simulated for neutral, stable, unstable, and elevated inversion conditions. Velocity, turbulence, shear stress, and temperature data were taken, and the spread of emissions from ground-level sources was investigated.Comparison is made with theoretical predictions by Inoue and with the open, countryside results of Pasquill. Agreement with the predictions by Inoue is good. The comparison with Pasquill's results shows that the wind-tunnel flows are shifted two categories towards more stable. The discrepancy may be explained as a lack of mesoscale turbulence in the wind-tunnel.  相似文献   

Proterozoic glaciations in eastern Brazil: A review     

Prof. Dr. Reinhard Pflug  Dr. Walter U. Schöll 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1975,64(1):287-299

Earlier publications on proterozoic glaciations in eastern Brazil are reviewed and revised, based on recent investigations in the Serra do EspinhaÇo. The former “Lavras Series”, often cited as an example of an infracambrian glaciation, comprises units of different age. The older units (Sopa conglomerate in Minas Gerais, “Lavras Series” sensu strictu in Bahia) belong to the middle to early proterozoic Minas Supergroup. They show no indications of glaciation. The widespread and in part glacial MacaÚbas Group belongs to the basal SÃo Francisco Supergroup. According to stromatolites the latter has a minimum age of 950 m. y. The MacaÚbas Group might have an age of more than 1.650 m. y. An infracambrian glaciation is unknown from eastern Brazil.  相似文献   

Biogene und nichtbiogene organische Schmutzstoffe     

Dr. Wolfgang Schmitz  Dr. Walter Kölle 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1975,37(1):85-98

Analytical methods and their application on the river Rhine for the identification and determination of refractory organic compounds are reported. 18 hydrocarbons, 32 chlorinated hydrocarbons, 13 organic nitro compounds, 14 ethers, 4 alcohols, 9 phenols, 6 esters and 21 other organic compounds have been identified. In view of the tedious methods which have to be applied, a technique for determining the ratio of persistent to biodegradable organic compounds has to be found. Requirements and perspectives of microbiological assays are discussed and rules for the survey of waste discharges are proposed.  相似文献   

Vergleichende Untersuchung der Diäten vonLymnaea auricularia undL. peregra (Gastropoda: Basommatophora) im Zürichsee     

Von Andres Knecht  Jakob E. Walter 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1977,39(2):299-305

Two very similar species of freshwater snails,Lymnaea auricularia andL. peregra coexist in Lake Zürich. We examined their diets to determine possible differences. Microscopic analysis of stomach and hind gut contents revealed no marked differences between the diets of the two snail species collected from the same substrate. However, in both species we found significant differences between the composition of the substrate and that of the stomach contents, using discriminant analysis. We conclude that both species of snails feed preferentially on patches of favourable food supply and that their diets overlap almost totally. The coexistence of the two species under these conditions suggests that food does not limit their density in the area studied.  相似文献   

Alpidische Gebirgsbildung in den Ostalpen: ein plattentektonisches Modell (Kurzfassung)     

Dietrich  Volker J.  Franz  Ulrich 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1976,65(1):361-374

Zusammenfassung Plattentektonische Modelle stellen neue Hilfsmittel für die Interpretation der alpinen Orogenese dar. Die Bildung ozeanischer Kruste und ihre gleichzeitige oder nachfolgende Abführung (Subduktion) im alpinen Raum werden als Hauptmechanismen tektonischer Ereignisse angesehen.Der Ablauf der alpidischen Gebirgsbildung als plattentektonisches Modell kann in fünf Epochen eingeteilt werden: Oberes Perm bis Trias, erste Gliederung des Ost- und Südalpenraumes mit Ausbildung zweier Grabensysteme; Lias bis Malm die Öffnung des penninischen Ozeans und Trennung der Eurasischen Platte von der Ostalpin-Südalpin-Adriatischen Platte; Malm bis Unterkreide, Ausdehnung des penninischen Ozeans und Bildung ozeanischer Kruste; Genoman bis Eozän, Subduktion der penninischen ozeanischen Lithosphäre unter die Ostalpin-Südalpin-Adriatische Platte und oberes Eozän bis Pliozän, Kollision der kontinentalen Platten und zentralalpine Hebungen.

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A plate tectonics model has been applied to explain mountain building in the eastern Alps. The formation of ridge-type oceanic crust and its destruction in a subduction zone are regarded ast the main mechanisms for the alpine orogeny.The process can be divided into five tectonic epochs: Permo-Triassic ( 235-200 m. y.) first tectonic subdivision of the Eastern and Southern Alps and formation of two different rift systems; Liassic to Malm ( 195-150 m. y.) opening of the Penninic Ocean or Piemontais and separation of the Eurasian plate from the Austroalpine-Southalpine-Adriatic plate); Malm to Early Cretaceous ( 150-110 m. y.) formation of ridge-type oceanic crust in the Penninic Ocean; Cenomanian to Eocene ( 100-45 m. y.) subduction of the Penninic oceanic lithosphere under the Austroalpine-Southalpine-Adriatic plate; Late Eocene to Miocene ( 42-5 m. y.) collision of the two continental plates and vertical uplift.

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Résumé La formation d'une croûte océanique et sa subduction contemporaine et postérieure sont invoquées ici comme l'un des mécanismes essentiels de l'évolution tectonique des Alpes orientales.Utilisant, comme modèle, la tectonique des plaques, l'orogénèse alpine peut se diviser en cinq «époques»: Permien supérieur-Trias (env. 235-200 m. a.), première individualisation tectonique entre les Alpes orientales et méridionales et dévelopement de deux systèmes de grabens; Lias-Malm (env. 195-150 m. a.), ouverture de l'océan pennique et séparation des plaques «Eurasia» et «Austroalpine-Meridionale-Adriatique»; Malm — Crétacé inférieure (env. 150-110 m.a.); extension de l'océan pennique et formation d'une croûte océanique; Cénomanien-Eocène (env. 100-45 m. a.), subduction de la lithosphère océanique sous la plaque «Austroalpine-Meridionale-Adriatique» et Eocène supérieur-Pliocène (env. 42-5 m. a.), collision des plaques continentales et soulèvement des Alpes centrales.

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Vortrag, am 27. 2. 1975 auf der 65. Jahrestagung der Geologischen Vereinigung in Karlsruhe gehalten.  相似文献   

Internal wave breaking and microstructure (The chicken and the egg)     

Walter H. Munk  Christopher J. R. Garrett 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1973,4(1-4):37-45

This review emphasizes the space-time scales of internal waves in the sea, and the complex set of interrelations with microstructure. M ixing by breaking internal waves is briefly considered. A curious asymmetry is noted between the methods of observing microstructure in the oceans and atmosphere.[/p]  相似文献   

Lagrangian simulation of coupled two-phase flows     

Walter Rose 《Mathematical Geology》1990,22(6):641-654

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Untersuchung von Erdmagnetfeldschwankungen mit Hilfe eines hochauflösenden Meßsystems     

Hartmut Walter  Wolfgang Rothfuß 《Ocean Dynamics》1991,44(4):197-205

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Determination of energetic characteristics of urban-rural surfaces in the greater St. Louis area     

Walter F. Dabberdt  Paul A. Davis 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》1978,14(1):105-121

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