Reliability of rainfall kinetic power–intensity relationships          下载免费PDF全文

Francesco Giuseppe Carollo  Vito Ferro  Maria Angela Serio 《水文研究》2017,31(6):1293-1300

The rainfall erosivity plays a fundamental role in water soil erosion processes and it can be expressed by its kinetic power. At first in this paper, the raindrop‐size distributions measured, in the period June 2006–March 2014, by an optical disdrometer installed at the Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of University of Palermo are aggregated into rainfall intensity classes, having different ranges, and the measured kinetic power values are determined. Measured kinetic power values are initially used for testing the applicability of the kinetic power‐rainfall intensity relationships proposed by Wischmeier and Smith ( 1978 ), used in Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), Brown and Foster ( 1987 ) (RUSLE), and McGregor et al. ( 1995 ) (RUSLE2). Then, the reliability of a theoretical relationship for estimating the kinetic power by rainfall intensity and median volume diameter is verified. Finally, using the literature available datasets, corresponding to measurements carried out by different techniques and in different geographical sites, the analysis demonstrated that the rainfall intensity is not sufficient to determine the rainfall kinetic power. On the contrary, the theoretically deduced relationship allows to reproduce adequately the kinetic power of all available datasets, demonstrating that the knowledge of both rainfall intensity and median volume diameter allows a reliable estimate of the rainfall erosivity.  相似文献   

Estimating rainfall erosivity by aggregated drop size distributions          下载免费PDF全文

Francesco Giuseppe Carollo  Vito Ferro  Maria Angela Serio 《水文研究》2016,30(13):2119-2128

Rainfall erosivity is defined as the potential of the rain to cause erosion, and it can be represented by rainfall kinetic power. At first in this paper, the raindrop size distributions (DSD) measured by an optical disdrometer located at Palermo in the period June 2006–March 2014 and aggregated for intensity classes, are presented. Then an analysis of raindrop size characteristics is carried out, and the reliability of Ulbrich's distribution, using both the maximum likelihood and momentum estimate parameter methods, is tested. The raindrop size measurements are used to determine the experimental rainfall kinetic power values, which are compared with the ones calculated by a theoretically deduced relationship. This analysis demonstrates that the kinetic power is strictly related to the median volume diameter of DSD. Finally, the reliability of the simplest Marshall and Palmer exponential DSD for estimating the rainfall kinetic power is demonstrated. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Some remarks on the assessment of P-wave velocity in laboratory tests for evaluating the degree of saturation     

Astuto  Giuseppe  Molina-Gómez  Fausto  Bilotta  Emilio  Viana da Fonseca  António  Flora  Alessandro 《Acta Geotechnica》2023,18(2):777-790

Acta Geotechnica - This work stems from the need to validate a technique for a reliably measurement of the degree of saturation (Sr) in deposits composed of sandy soils to improve their...  相似文献   

Nonlinear finite and discrete element simulations of multi-storey masonry walls     

Occhipinti  Giuseppe  Cali&#;  Ivo  D&#;Altri  Antonio Maria  Grillanda  Nicola  de Miranda  Stefano  Milani  Gabriele  Spacone  Enrico 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2022,20(4):2219-2244

Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - This paper reports the results of different finite and discrete element simulations on a well-known benchmark of an unreinforced plane masonry structure....  相似文献   

Multitemporal laser scanner-based observation of the Mt. Vesuvius crater: Characterization of overall geometry and recognition of landslide events     

Arianna Pesci  Giordano Teza  Giuseppe Casula  Fabiana Loddo  Prospero De Martino  Mario Dolce  Francesco Obrizzo  Folco Pingue 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2011,66(3):327-336

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Numerical solution of the discontinuous-bottom Shallow-water Equations with hydrostatic pressure distribution at the step     

Luca Cozzolino  Renata Della Morte  Carmine Covelli  Giuseppe Del Giudice  Domenico Pianese 《Advances in water resources》2011,34(11):1413-1426

Free-surface flows are usually modelled by means of the Shallow-water Equations: this system of hyperbolic equations exhibits a source term which is proportional to the product of the water depth by the bed slope, and which takes into account the effect of gravity onto fluid mass. Recently, much attention has been paid to the case in which bottom discontinuities are present in the physical domain to be represented: in this case, it is difficult to define the non-conservative product in the distributional sense. Here, the discontinuous-bottom Shallow-water Equations with hydrostatic pressure distribution at the bed step (Bernetti et al., 2006) are discussed in the context of the theory of Dal Maso et al. (1995) [9]; finally, a first-order numerical scheme is presented, which is consistent for regular solutions, and which is able to capture contact discontinuities at bottom steps. Numerous tests are presented to show the feasibility of the scheme and its ability to converge to the exact solution in the cases of smooth as well as discontinuous bed profiles.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Effects of air temperature on the cyclic behavior of elastomeric seismic isolators     

Donatello Cardone  Giuseppe Gesualdi  Domenico Nigro 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(4):1257-1257

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Autonomous underwater vehicle teams for adaptive ocean sampling: a data-driven approach   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Andrea?MunafòEmail author  Enrico?Simetti  Alessio?Turetta  Andrea?Caiti  Giuseppe?Casalino 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(11):1981-1994

The current technological developments in autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and underwater communication have nowadays allowed to push the original idea of autonomous ocean sampling network even further, with the possibility of using each agent of the network not only as an operative component driven by external commands (model-driven) but as a reactive element able to act in response to changing conditions as measured during the exploration (data-driven). With this paper, we propose a novel data-driven algorithm for AUVs team for adaptive sampling of oceanic regions, where each agent shares its knowledge of the environment with its teammates and autonomously takes decision in order to reconstruct the desired oceanic field. In particular, sampling point selection is made in order to minimize the uncertainty in the estimated field while keeping communication contact with the rest of the team and avoiding to repeatedly sampling sub-regions already explored. The proposed approach is based on the use of the emergent behaviour technique and on the use of artificial potential functions (interest functions) to achieve the desired goal at the end of the mission. In this way, there is no explicit minimization of a cost functional at each decision step. The oceanic field is reconstructed by the application of radial basis functions interpolation of irregularly spaced data. A simulative example for the estimation of a salinity field with sea data obtained using the Mediterranean Sea Forecasting System is shown in the paper, in order to investigate the effect of the different uncertainty sources, including sea currents, on the behaviour of the exploration team and ultimately on the reconstruction of the salinity field.  相似文献   

High precision tilt observation at Mt. Etna Volcano,Italy     

Angelo Ferro  Salvatore Gambino  Stefano Panepinto  Giuseppe Falzone  Giuseppe Laudani  Bernard Ducarme 《Acta Geophysica》2011,59(3):618-632

In 2007–2008, we installed on Mt. Etna two deep tilt stations using high resolution, self-leveling instruments. These installations are a result of accurate instrument tests, site selection, drilling and sensor positioning that has allowed detecting variations related to the principal diurnal and semidiurnal tides for first time on Mt. Etna using tilt data.  相似文献   

Hysteretic behaviour of bracing‐type pure aluminium shear panels by experimental tests     

Gianfranco De Matteis  Giuseppe Brando  Federico M. Mazzolani 《地震工程与结构动力学》2011,40(10):1143-1162

This paper deals with experimental tests aimed at assessing the structural performance of pure aluminium shear panels to be employed as passive energy dissipation devices with a bracing type configuration. The AW1050 A H24 is adopted as the basic material. It is an aluminium alloy with a negligible content of impurity, allowing it to be considered as a pure aluminium. In this paper, the results of four full‐scale 5thinspacemm thick multi‐stiffened square‐shaped specimens tested under cyclic diagonal loads and characterized by different slenderness ratios are presented. In order to determine the main resisting mechanisms for different shear strain demands, a careful examination of the experimental evidences is provided. Then, the global performance of tested shear panels is evaluated by the comparison of the obtained hysteretic responses, evidencing the effect of the plate slenderness on the energy dissipation capacity. Finally, a suitable analytical model, which could be useful to implement global dynamic non‐linear analysis, is set up in order to interpret the behaviour of shear panels for which the development of premature buckling phenomena is completely inhibited. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献