Exploring the fringe belt concept in Auckland: An urban morphological idea and planning practice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Kai Gu 《New Zealand geographer》2010,66(1):44-60

The idea of urban fringe belts has been recognised as a powerful means of understanding the physical form of urban areas and the process of urban outward growth and internal change. Surrounding Auckland's city core, an inner fringe belt can be recognised. Farther out there are middle and outer fringe belts. Fluctuations in socio-economic development, the adoption of new transport modes, land reclamation and topography are major factors influencing the formation of these fringe belts. The examination of changes to fringe belts highlights important issues of urban transformation, which are pertinent to planning and design policies for urban landscape management.  相似文献   

Comparison between seismic vulnerability models and experimental dynamic properties of existing buildings in France   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1  

C. Michel  P. Guéguen  P. Lestuzzi  P.-Y. Bard 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2010,8(6):1295-1307

Elastic fundamental frequency is a key-parameter of simplified seismic design and vulnerability assessment methods. Empirical relationships exist in codes to estimate this frequency but they miss experimental data to validate them accounting for national feature of building design and, above all, corresponding uncertainties. Even if resonance frequency extracted from ambient vibrations may be larger than the elastic frequency (at yield) generally used in earthquake engineering, ambient vibration recordings may provide a large set of data for statistical analysis of periods versus building characteristics relationships. We recorded ambient vibrations and estimated the fundamental frequency of about 60 buildings of various types (RC and masonry) in Grenoble City (France). These data complete the set existing yet, made of 26 RC-buildings of Grenoble (Farsi and Bard 2004) and 28 buildings in Nice (France) (Dunand 2005). Statistical analysis of these experimental data was performed for fundamental frequencies of RC shear wall structures and the results are compared with existing relationships. Only building height or number of stories has a statistical relevancy to estimate the resonance frequency but the variability associated to the proposed relationships is large. Moreover, we compared the elastic part of capacity curves of RC and masonry buildings used in the European Risk-UE method for vulnerability assessment with the experimental frequencies. The variability is also large and the curves may not be consistent with French existing buildings.  相似文献   

南极特别管理区现状分析与未来展望          下载免费PDF全文

顾悦婷  孙波  陈丹红  姜梅 《极地研究》2010,22(4):431-440

南极特别管理区(ASMAs)是南极环境保护体系的重要组成部分,目前其覆盖面积已超过5万平方公里。通过整理和分析南极条约秘书处(ATS)公布的南极特别管理区的相关资料,简要概述南极特别管理区的现状、管理计划(草案)的编写及其申报程序。目前,已设立的南极特别管理区共有7个,分别由15个南极条约协商国(ATCPs)和1个南极条约缔约国(ATSs)通过单独或联合的方式提出,其中以美国和澳大利亚为主。我国作为提出国之一,开展了南极特别管理区的设置工作。另外,本文针对目前南极特别管理区存在的问题提出初步建议,并简要分析其未来的发展动向。  相似文献   

黄河源区径流对气候变化的响应及敏感性分析(英文)   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

蓝永超  赵国辉  张耀南  文军  胡兴林  刘进琪  顾明林  常俊杰  马建华 《地理学报(英文版)》2010,20(6):848-860

Response of the runoff in the headwater region of the Yellow River to climate change and its sensibility are analyzed based on the measured data at the four hydrological stations and ten weather stations during the period 1959–2008. The result indicates that change of temperature in the region has an obvious corresponding relationship with global warming and the changes of annual average temperature in each subregion in the region have been presenting a fluctuant and rising state in the past 50 years. However the change of precipitation is more intricate than the change of temperature in the region because of the influences of the different geographical positions and environments in various areas, and the change of annual precipitation in the main runoff-producing area has been presenting a fluctuant and decreasing state in the past 50 years. And there is a remarkable nonlinear correlativity between runoff and precipitation and temperature in the region. The runoff in the region has been decreasing continuously since 1990 because the precipitation in the main runoff-producing area obviously decreases and the annual average temperature continuously rises. As a whole, the runoff in each subregion of the headwater region of the Yellow River is quite sensitive to precipitation change, while the runoff in the subregion above Jimai is more sensitive to temperature change than that in the others in the region, correspondingly.  相似文献   

辽河坳陷双清地区古近系沙河街组四段孔隙度演化模拟   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

孟元林  王又春  姜文亚  张景军  刘德来  牛嘉玉  孙洪斌  施尚明  古团  修洪文 《古地理学报》2009,11(2):225-232

在综合考虑沉积微相和成岩作用对储集层孔隙度影响的基础上,建立了辽河坳陷双清地区不同沉积微相成岩指数ID与储集层平均孔隙度的相关关系,预测了该地区沙四段储集层在各沉积时期的平均孔隙度,恢复了孔隙演化史,确定了不同沉积时期有效油气储集层的分布范围。孔隙度预测结果表明,有效油、气储集层分布于研究区北部孔隙度大于58％的地区。孔隙演化史的模拟结果表明,储集层孔隙度在埋藏早期主要受沉积相的影响,而在晚期则主要受成岩作用的控制。储集层预测孔隙度与实测孔隙度的绝对误差为2.7％.,而研究区储集层的填隙物含量在1.0％～40.0％之间,平均为21.7％.,由此可见,所建预测模型可用于填隙物含量较高的储集层钻前孔隙度预测和孔隙演化史模拟。  相似文献   

细纹灰尖巴蜗牛壳体氧同位素组成的季节性变化          下载免费PDF全文

孙小虹  顾兆炎  王旭 《第四纪研究》2009,29(5):976-980

陆生蜗牛壳体碳酸盐氧同位素组成,理论上取决于壳体生长季节的降水 18O丰度、温度和湿度,对揭示古气候和古环境变化具有巨大的潜力。然而,同一地区不同属种的蜗牛生长季节存在一定的差异,因此,了解不同季节生长的蜗牛壳体氧同位素特征,是其成为重建古气候、古环境变化的工具的关键。为了进一步阐明降水氧同位素组成和气候月际变化对蜗牛壳体 18O的影响,分别对从江苏镇江逐月采集的现生细纹灰尖巴蜗牛(Bradybaena ravida redfieldi)进行了整体壳体及壳口文石氧同位素组成的分析,结果表明： 1)不同月份采集的样品壳口的 δ18O 值变化较大,从－1.92‰至－6.79‰,幅度达4.87‰,其中,4～6月采集的样品 δ18O 值较正,平均 －2.40±0.42‰,7～9月采集的样品明显偏负,平均 －6.41±0.34‰; 2)整个壳体的 δ18O 值差别不大,平均 －2.61±0.47‰,与 4～6月壳口 δ18O 平均值相近; 3)不同月份蜗牛壳口 δ18O 值呈现出与当地的降水氧同位素组成、温度和大气相对湿度等相似的季节性变化模式,其中降水氧同位素组成对壳口 δ18O 变化的影响是主要的。这些特征说明,蜗牛壳体碳酸盐氧同位素组成受其生长时的环境因素(降水 18O丰度,温度和相对湿度)控制,对于中国夏季风影响地区来说,春季生长的蜗牛壳体相对富集 18O,而夏季生长的壳体 18O相对贫化。换句话说,根据蜗牛壳体碳酸盐氧同位素组成能够推测壳体主要生长季节,或降水 18O丰度及气候温湿程度的特征。对于B.ravida redfieldi来说,氧同位素组成显示了壳体主要生长时期为春季的特征。  相似文献   

珠江三角洲两工业区土壤环境磁学初步研究     

汤贤赞  颜文  古森昌 《热带海洋学报》1998,(4)

对珠江三角洲东莞石龙、顺德容奇—桂洲两工业区的土壤磁性进行初步研究,获得两地区6个柱样及48个表层样品的磁化率（X）和天然剩余磁化强度（NRM）的结果,石龙地区的X,NRM的垂直变化平均值分别为10．86×10－6SI和6．73×10-6A·m－1,顺德容桂地区X,NRM的垂直变化平均值分别为96．84×10－6SI和31．49×10－6A·m－1,表层样容桂地区X和NRM值大于石龙地区,表明两地区土壤的磁载体存在明显的差异,磁记录大致能反映现代环境的信息。  相似文献   

直读式流速仪升级的使用维修对策     

张正惕  杨世伦 《海洋学研究》1998,16(3):70-72

通过对比、分析国产ＺＳＸ系列直读式流速仪Ⅰ和Ⅱ型显示器的不同之处,介绍它们的兼容方法,使之因仪器升级而被淘汰的流速仪资源被充分地利用。  相似文献   

地质数据的数理模型综合分析方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨学祥 《地学前缘》1998,5(1):0-0

地质数据的数理模型综合分析方法是数学物理模型的建立、检验和发展的综合动态研究方法。文中以研究地球自转速度变化和建立地球模型为例,详细阐述这种方法的应用和作用。特别应该指出的是,由球面压力公式推出的地球处于非绝热状态的结论,既是地核能量周期性大规模释放的理论基础,也是对人类过量开采地球内部热能的一个警告：地球内部热能也是一个有限资源,４５亿年来内核已释放出大量热能。过量开采内部热能不仅造成全球短期迅速增温,而且使地球内外长期变冷。  相似文献   

A study of pH effect on protease activity of larval and young porgy     

Chen Pinjian  Wang Chonggang  Huang Chongneng  Gu Yong  Lu Hao 《海洋学报(英文版)》1998,17(1):133-139

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