基于LoRa的高层结构地震响应和健康监测系统设计实现          下载免费PDF全文

徐钦  谢虹  周世虎  包理群  黎泉  李智敏 《地震工程学报》2022,44(4):803-810

随着我国建造行业逐步向智能建造转型升级,高层结构地震响应和健康监测技术所涉及的传感器数目、待处理的数据量以及系统的复杂性都在不断增加。针对高层建筑结构地震响应和健康智能化监测需求,将物联网LoRa扩频通信技术引入到高层结构智能化监测系统中,设计实现基于LoRa的高层结构地震响应和健康监测软硬件平台方案。该系统由多个LoRa终端节点、LoRa网关、OneNET服务器和用户4个部分组成,监测数据通过LoRa网络传输,LoRa网关通过ESP8266模块接入云平台,将采集到的监测数据形成可视化监测界面。经测试,在城市空旷环境下该系统3 km内的丢包率小于8%,可实现高层结构地震响应和健康监测数据远距离、低功耗的可靠传输,帮助用户进行地震作用下振动反应资料的累积、建筑结构的状态评估和设施管理。  相似文献   

地下水流系统研究中的方法论探讨:以CUG-武汉地下水流系统研究为例     

梁杏  张人权  罗明明  孙蓉琳  靳孟贵  周宏  蒋立群 《地质科技情报》2022,41(1):30-42

地球系统科学和地下水流系统理论的出现,标志着水文地质学进入新的发展时期.地下水流系统理论已成为水文地质学的新范式,其产生和发展,从方法论上为地下水问题的研究提供了新的启示.自20世纪80年代初以来,中国地质大学(武汉)地下水流系统组持续开展了地下水流系统理论与应用研究.试图从方法论的角度回顾与总结这些研究成果.地下水问题受多因素影响,研究应以"目标与问题导向相结合",靶向准确,才能在信息浩渺中不失方向,向着目标前行;研究时应采用"假设演绎法",先依据已有认识和资料演绎出应有的现象,再有目的 地观察和寻求证据,或修改假设继续求证,直到假设被证实或证伪;演绎寻证过程,可以采用"控制性实验""信息提取与组织""多学科方法与手段融合"等技术方法.实例分析证实,控制性模拟实验使我们得出了地下水流模式的新认识;采用多通道的信息提取、加工和组织,构建地下水流系统模式,能够有效解决各类工程中的应用问题;多学科与手段融合、各种信息相互验证,提高了结果的可信度.以实例研究为基础,从研究方法上的总结能为正确认识和理解地下水流系统理论、推进新理论和新思路在水文地质研究中的应用提供参考.  相似文献   

黑龙江省四平山金矿床成矿作用及矿床成因：来自矿床地质、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及H-O-S同位素的制约     

王硕  孙丰月  王冠  刘凯  刘云华 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2022,52(5):1626-1648

四平山金矿床位于我国黑龙江省东部的完达山陆缘增生带内,矿体主要赋存于下白垩统四平山组,表现出明显的两阶段成矿作用特征。为进一步确定四平山金矿床的成矿作用及矿床成因,本次研究对其成矿地质特征、地球化学、成矿年代学及成矿物质来源进行了分析。地球化学分析结果表明：成矿花岗斑岩为具有高SiO₂（70.07%~72.93%）、（K₂O+Na₂O）（7.17%~8.42%）质量分数和右倾“海鸥型”稀土配分型式特征的A型花岗岩;含矿层状硅质岩中,Al/（Fe+Al+Mn）<0.32、Fe/Ti >20、(Fe+Mn)/Ti>20,并具有较高Fe₂O₃（0.18%～1.79%）、FeO（0.17%～0.96%）、MnO（0.03%~0.12%）、TiO₂（0.03%~0.04%）、Al₂O₃（0.30%~2.79%）和（K₂O+Na₂O）（0.07%~1.76%）质量分数,指示四平山金矿床形成于活动大陆边缘构造背景下与岩浆活动有关的热水沉积环境。四平山金矿床成矿花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为（113.5±0.7）Ma。H、O、S同位素分析结果（δD=-182.3‰~-84.0‰、δ¹⁸O_V-SMOW=6.5‰~14.3‰、δ³⁴S=-12.4‰~29.7‰）显示,成矿流体主要为大气降水,成矿物质具有以地层为主的多来源特征。综上,四平山金矿床为形成于燕山晚期活动大陆边缘构造背景下的热水沉积型矿床,太平洋板块持续俯冲造成了区域上大规模的拆沉作用,导致区域构造背景由挤压向伸展发生转换,此时形成的花岗斑岩岩浆运移至地壳浅部岩浆房加热上覆地层,在地壳浅部形成了温度与压力梯度带,促使地表的大气降水沿裂隙进入地层后形成流体循环系统,并不断萃取地层中的Au元素形成含矿流体。在成矿早阶段,当压力驱动含矿流体喷出地表后与地表水相遇快速冷却,成矿物质快速沉淀,形成含矿层状硅质岩和硅质胶结砾岩,并通过交代下伏流纹斑岩形成层状、似层状矿体;在成矿晚阶段,随着岩浆房提供的热动力减弱,含矿流体滞留在裂隙通道中或穿切进入早期固结的含矿层裂隙中,沉淀形成脉状-网脉状矿体。  相似文献   

川北米仓山南缘典型石墨矿床地球化学特征与成因     

段威  唐文春  刘治成  熊观  黄健  刘晓华  陈翔  黄建国 《矿床地质》2023,42(4):741-758

文章对比分析了米仓山南缘旺苍-南江石墨矿带东、西2段主要石墨矿床地质及地球化学特征。矿带东段石墨矿体形态以不规则囊状为主,矿石类型以角砾状石墨大理岩型为主,矿体原岩为含有机质碳酸盐岩;矿石的V/Cr、V/(V+Ni)、U/Th平均值分别为0.75、0.42、0.94,稀土元素总量（∑REE）平均84.4μg/g,δEu平均0.65,矿体原岩沉积于贫氧环境。西段石墨矿体以似层状为主,层控特征明显,矿石类型为石墨片岩型,具钒矿化,原岩以含碳质黏土质、泥砂质碎屑岩为主;矿石的V/Cr、V/(V+Ni)、U/Th平均值分别为3.90、0.79、1.93,稀土元素总量（REE）平均124μg/g,δEu平均0.59,矿体原岩沉积于贫氧-缺氧环境。石墨矿δ13C值为-16.0‰～-23.0‰,平均-19.1‰,与有机质相近,显著低于大理岩围岩,表明石墨矿碳质来源以有机碳为主。米仓山南缘石墨矿床成因为沉积-变质型,石墨含矿层位经历了晋宁期-澄江期区域变质及热接触变质等多期变质成矿作用,最终形成晶质石墨矿床,其成矿与罗迪尼亚超大陆汇聚-裂解引发的区域变质-岩浆活动有关。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地北缘牛东地区煤成油及其地球化学特征     

包建平  吴浩  朱翠山  王志峰  汪立群  陈琰  周飞 《地质学报》2018,92(5):1056-1069

通过对柴达木盆地北缘西段牛东地区和冷湖构造带原油中生物标志物分布与组成特征的系统对比研究,首次提出牛东地区原油属于典型煤成油。其主要特征表现为具有高的Pr/Ph比值(3.0~5.5),在Pr/nC17与Ph/nC18关系图上分布在偏氧化的区域,明显富含树脂体生源的海松烷类标志物,而指示藻类贡献的C27甾烷明显偏低,表明陆源有机质是主要原始生烃母质,且总体偏低的新藿烷和重排藿烷这一特征也与煤和碳质泥岩的形成环境相吻合。而冷湖构造带原油的Pr/Ph比较低(3.0),在Pr/nC17与Ph/nC18关系图中分布在氧化—还原环境之间的过渡区域,树脂体生源的海松烷类标志物含量明显偏低,而与藻类输入有关的C27甾烷明显偏高,新藿烷和重排藿烷含量中等,这与淡水湖相泥岩的特征相吻合,表明它们属于淡水湖相原油。柴达木盆地北缘地区下侏罗统不同岩性烃源岩与相关地区原油中海松烷类标志物的相对组成特征表明,牛东地区原油主要来源于煤,而冷湖构造带上的原油主要来源于湖相泥岩,这与该地区下侏罗统煤具有较高的生烃潜力是吻合的,由此表明柴达木盆地北缘地区煤成油的勘探值得关注。  相似文献   

吐哈盆地中北部中侏罗统重矿物组合特征及对博格达山隆升过程的约束          下载免费PDF全文

管彧照刘池洋  张少华王建强 梁 浩 《地质科学》2018,(4):1389-1404

通过对吐哈盆地中北部中侏罗统重矿物组合特征分析发现,该区重矿物组合具有显著的分区特征。其中桃尔沟-胜南-吐南地区整个中侏罗世,重矿物以高含量的磁铁矿、赤铁矿为特征。七泉湖-胜金地区在西山窑组-三间房组沉积时期,重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;自七克台组沉积伊始,磁铁矿含量显著增加。三堡-鲁克沁地区在西山窑组沉积时期,重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;到三间房组-七克台组沉积时期,石榴石、磁铁矿含量明显增加。鄯勒-萨克桑地区西山窑组沉积时期重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;三间房组沉积以来,磁铁矿含量急剧增加。丘陵-丘东地区西山窑组-三间房组沉积时期,重矿物以高含量绿帘石为特征;七克台组沉积时期,转而以锆石和钛的氧化物为主。研究区中侏罗统重矿物组合演化特征显示,中侏罗世博格达山的隆升具有明显的分段性：Ⅰ段（西）在西山窑组沉积时期便已隆起,构成盆地物源区;西山窑晚期-三间房初期,博格达山Ⅲ段（东）开始快速隆升,导致三间房组沉积时期鄯勒-萨克桑地区磁铁矿含量剧增;而博格达山Ⅱ段（中）直到七克台组初期才开始隆升。  相似文献   

Relationship Between Pb-Zn and Au-Ag Mineralization of Kengdenongshe Polymetallic Deposit in Eastern Segment of the Eastern KunlunEI北大核心CSCD     

Liu Y.  Fu L.  Wang F.  Wei J.  Guan B.  Tan J.  Yang B.  Wang D. 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(3):480-493

The Kengdenongshe deposit is a newly discovered large Au-Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit in the eastern Kunlun metallogenic belt, and the genetic relationship between Pb-Zn-rich ore bodies and Au-rich ore bodies in this deposit is controversial. Therefore, comparative studies of mineralization, alteration, and fluid inclusions in the two types of ore bodies were carried out with the statistical analysis of the correlation among ore-forming elements of Au, Ag, Pb and Zn. The results show that, from north to south, the mineralization changes gradually from Pb-Zn-rich to Au-rich with the wall-rock alteration from silicification-epidotization to baritization-marbleization-silicification. In addition, the structures of Pb-Zn-rich ores indicate a hydrothermal sedimentary origin with the late hydrothermal superposition, while those of Au-rich ores show features of hydrothermal origin. Besides, based on the study of fluid inclusions in this mining area, the ore-forming fluid of Pb-Zn-rich ores is low temperature (focus on 150-170°C) and low-medium salinity (1.74%-10.24% NaCleqv), while that of Au-rich ores displays low-medium temperature (manily 130-250°C) with low-medium salinity (0.35%-10.24% NaCleqv). Pb-Zn and Au-Ag show positive correlation (correlation coefficient r>0.25), but Au is poorly correlated with Pb and Zn (correlation coefficient r<0.15). However, to due to the late stage hydrothermal superimposition, Au is rather well correlated with Pb in high grade ores. In summary, there may exist two epochs of mineralization in the Kengdenongshe polymetallic deposit. The early one is Pb-Zn mineralization stage with characteristics of hydrothermal sedimentary origin, and the ore-forming fluid may be derived from the mixture of magmatic water and seawater. While the later one is Au mineralization stage, having characteristics of hydrothermal origin with subsequent hydrothermal superimpositions, and the ore-forming fluid is mainly derived from magmatic water that mixed with meteoric water. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.  相似文献   

An Overview of Researches on Land-Atmosphere Interaction over Semi-Arid Region Under Global Changes     

Xiaodan Guan  Rui Shi  Xiangning Kong  Jingchen Liu  Zewen Gan  Jieru Ma  Wen Luo  Chenyu Cao 《地球科学进展》2018,33(10):995-1004

The semi-arid region, as a key part of global land, plays an important role in climate change. In the process of modern climate change, the semi-arid region is significantly affected by local human activities, showing remarkable expansion and obvious decadal variations. In this paper, we summarized the studies of the land-atmosphere interaction in the semi-arid regions in recent years, and major land surface observation plans. We put emphasis on energy balance, water cycle, carbon cycle in land-atmosphere interaction of climate change, and their performance in historical simulation and future prediction. The prediction results illustrate that new character of land-atmosphere interaction will appear as the drying of drylands in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the understanding of land-atmosphere interaction and move forward energetically on research in regional climate from different aspects.  相似文献   

Ion Implants as Matrix‐Appropriate Calibrators for Geochemical Ion Probe Analyses          下载免费PDF全文

Donald S. Burnett  Amy J.G. Jurewicz  Dorothy S. Woolum  Jianhua Wang  Julie M. Paque  Larry R. Nittler  Kevin D. McKeegan  Munir Humayun  Richard Hervig  Veronika S. Heber  Yunbin Guan 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2015,39(3):265-276

Ion microprobe elemental and isotopic determinations can be precise but difficult to quantify. Error is introduced when the reference material and the sample to be analysed have different compositions. Mitigation of such ‘matrix effects’ is possible using ion implants. If a compositionally homogeneous reference material is available which is ‘matrix‐appropriate’ (i.e., close in major element composition to the sample to be analysed, but having an unknown concentration of the element, E, to be determined) then ion implantation can be used to introduce a known amount of an E isotope, calibrating the E concentration and producing a matrix‐appropriate calibrator. Nominal implant fluences (ions cm^?2) are inaccurate by amounts up to approximately 30%. However, ion implantation gives uniform fluences over large areas; thus, it is possible to ‘co‐implant’ an additional reference material of any bulk composition having known amounts of E, independently calibrating the implant fluence. Isotope ratio measurement standards can be produced by implanting two different isotopes, but permil level precision requires postimplant calibration of the implant isotopic ratio. Examples discussed include (a) standardising Li in melilite; (b) calibrating a ²⁵Mg implant fluence using NIST SRM 617 glass and (c) using Si co‐implanted with ²⁵Mg alongside NIST SRM 617 to produce a calibrated measurement of Mg in Si.  相似文献   

Petrography and geochemistry of the enriched basaltic shergottite Northwest Africa 2975          下载免费PDF全文

Qi He  Long Xiao  J. Brian Balta  Ioannis P. Baziotis  Weibiao Hsu  Yunbin Guan 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2015,50(12):2024-2044

We present a study of the petrology and geochemistry of basaltic shergottite Northwest Africa 2975 (NWA 2975). NWA 2975 is a medium‐grained basalt with subophitic to granular texture. Electron microprobe (EMP) analyses show two distinct pyroxene compositional trends and patchy compositional zoning patterns distinct from those observed in other meteorites such as Shergotty or QUE 94201. As no bulk sample was available to us for whole rock measurements, we characterized the fusion crust and its variability by secondary ion mass spectrometer (SIMS) measurements and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (LA‐ICP‐MS) analyses as a best‐available proxy for the bulk rock composition. The fusion crust major element composition is comparable to the bulk composition of other enriched basaltic shergottites, placing NWA 2975 within that sample group. The CI‐normalized REE (rare earth element) patterns are flat and also parallel to those of other enriched basaltic shergottites. Merrillite is the major REE carrier and has a flat REE pattern with slight depletion of Eu, parallel to REE patterns of merrillites from other basaltic shergottites. The oxidation state of NWA 2975 calculated from Fe‐Ti oxide pairs is NNO‐1.86, close to the QFM buffer. NWA 2975 represents a sample from the oxidized and enriched shergottite group, and our measurements and constraints on its origin are consistent with the hypothesis of two distinct Martian mantle reservoirs: a reduced, LREE‐depleted reservoir and an oxidized, LREE‐enriched reservoir. Stishovite, possibly seifertite, and dense SiO₂ glass were also identified in the meteorite, allowing us to infer that NWA 2975 experienced a realistic shock pressure of ~30 GPa.  相似文献