硫酸盐气溶胶辐射强迫的数值模拟研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

马晓燕  石广玉  郭裕福  张立盛 《气候与环境研究》2004,9(3):454-464

利用IAP/LASG GOALS 4.0海气耦合模式,"显式"考虑了硫酸盐气溶胶的直接作用,并且引入德国马普气象研究所的三维浓度分布资料,模拟计算了硫酸盐气溶胶的辐射强迫.主要结果为:全球气溶胶年平均的辐射强迫为-0.29 W m-2,在IPCC TAR给定的范围内,空间分布上具有明显的地域性,几个大值地区分别为东亚、西欧和北美,它们的中心值均超过-1.5 W m-2,南美、澳大利亚以及非洲南部的辐射强迫介于-0.2～-0.4 W m-2之间,而海洋和偏远的大陆地区,则基本上不受人为硫酸盐气溶胶的影响;计算的东亚地区硫酸盐气溶胶的平均辐射强迫为-0.75 W m-2,约为全球平均的2.5倍,为北半球平均的1.6倍.文中还讨论了全球硫酸盐气溶胶对温室气体辐射强迫的减缓作用.  相似文献   

Possible impacts of Barents Sea ice on the Eurasian atmospheric circulation and the rainfall of East China in the beginning of summer   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

WANG Ji  GUO Yufu 《大气科学进展》2004,21(4):662-674

Possible influences of the Barents Sea ice anomalies on the Eurasian atmospheric circulation and the East China precipitation distribution in the late spring and early summer (May-June) are investigated by analyzing the observational data and the output of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM).The study indicates that the sea ice condition of the Barents Sea from May to July may be interrelated with the atmospheric circulation of June. When there is more than average sea ice in the Barents Sea, the local geopotential height of the 500-hPa level will decrease, and the same height in the Lake Baikal and Okhotsk regions will increase and decrease respectively to form a wave-chain structure over North Eurasia.This kind of anomalous height pattern is beneficial to more precipitation in the south part of East China and less in the north.  相似文献   

Numerical Simulation of Global Temperature Change during the 20th Century with the IAP／LASG GOALS Model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

MA Xiaoyan  GUO Yufu  SHI Guangyu  YU Yongqiang 《大气科学进展》2004,21(2):227-235

The IAP/LASG GOALS coupled model is used to simulate the climate change during the 20th century using historical greenhouse gases concentrations, the mass mixing ratio of sulfate aerosols simulated by a CTM model, and reconstruction of solar variability spanning the period 1900 to 1997. Four simulations, including a control simulation and three forcing simulations, are conducted. Comparison with the observational record for the period indicates that the three forcing experiments simulate reasonable temporal and spatial distributions of the temperature change. The global warming during the 20th century is caused mainly by increasing greenhouse gas concentration especially since the late 1980s; sulfate aerosols offset a portion of the global warming and the reduction of global temperature is up to about 0.11℃ over the century; additionally, the effect of solar variability is not negligible in the simulation of climate change over the 20th century.  相似文献   

A Comparison between Numerical Simulations of Forced Local Hadley (Anti-Hadley) Circulation in East Asian and Indian Monsoon Regions   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Yuan Zhuojian  Wang Tongmei  He Haiyan  Luo Huibang  Guo Yufu 《大气科学进展》2000,17(4):538-554

1. IntroductionIt is well known that one of the distinguishable differences between the summer monsoonand the winter monsoon is the reversal of lower--layer winds with southwesterly during theNorthern summer and northeasterly during the Northern winter. Previous studies (e.g. Chenet al., 1991 ) show that on the one hand. this seasonal alternation of the lower--layer winds isassociated with thermal contrast between continents and their adjacent oceans due todifferential heating including radia…  相似文献   

The Diabatic Heating and the Generation of Available Potential Energy: Results from NCEP Reanalysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Tao  WU Guoxiong  GUO Yufu 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2005,19(2):143-159

In the existing studies on the atmospheric energy cycle, the attention to the generation of available potential energy (APE) is restricted to its global mean value. The geographical distributions of the generation of APE and its mechanism of formation are investigated by using the three-dimensional NCEP/NCAR diabatic heating reanalysis in this study. The results show that the contributions from sensible heating and net radiation to the generation of zonal and time-mean APE (Gz) are mainly located in high and middle latitudes with an opposite sign, while the latent heating shows a dominant effect on Gz mainly in the tropics and high latitudes where the contributions from the middle and upper tropospheres are also contrary to that from the low troposphere. In high latitudes, the Gz is much stronger for the Winter Hemisphere than for the Summer Hemisphere, and this is consistent with the asymmetrical feature shown by the reservoir- of zonal and time-mean APE in two hemispheres, which suggests that the generation of APE plays a fundamental role in maintaining the APE in the global atmospheric energy cycle. The same contributions to the generation of stationary eddy APE (GSE) from the different regions related to the maintenance of longitudinal temperature contrast are likely arisen by different physics. Specifically, the positive contributions to GSE from the latent heating in the western tropical Pacific and from the sensible heating over land are dominated by the heating at warm regions, whereas those from the latent heating in the eastern tropical Pacific and from the sensitive heating over the oceans are dominated by the cooling at cold regions. Thus, our findings provide an observational estimate of the generation of eddy APE to identify the regional contributions in the climate simulations because it might be correct for the wrong reasons in the general circulation model (GCM). The largest positive contributions to the generation of transient eddy APE (GTE) are found to be at middle latitudes in the middle and upper tropospheres, where reside the strong local contributions to the baroclinic conversion from transient eddy APE to transient eddy kinetic energy and the resulting transient eddy kinetic energy.  相似文献   

信号（直流）接地方案     

李毓富  牛永波等 《山西气象》2001,(3):46-49

本文从电磁干扰到电磁兼容等方面，阐述了信号（直流）接地在计算机系统中的重要性，介绍了多点接地、单点接地在电磁兼容、防雷要求上存在的差异。根据综合接地示意图，并结合自己多年工作实际提出了一种计算机系统信号（直流）接地方案。  相似文献   

国内外主要围岩分类换算原则和方法   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

赵玉绂 《工程地质学报》1993,1(2):24-31

本文阐述围岩分类的意义,分类换算的提出、基础、原则、方法和工程实例。为便于工程应用,将换算对照结果,经综合分析以换算对照汇总表形式给出。  相似文献   

Simplified dynamical anomaly model for long-range numerical forecasts     

Guo Yufu  Chao Jiping 《大气科学进展》1984,1(1):30-52

In this atmosphere-ocean-land coupled model, two basic ideas are developed, One is that the observational climate field is utilized and only the anomalous components are predicted. The other is that the transient Rossby wave is treated as the meteorological "noise" on the long-term variation that must be predicted in a climate forecasting. According to the latter, the transient Rossby wave can be filtered by omitting the partial derivative with respect to time in the atmospheric vorticity equation. But the time derivative term is still kept in the thermal equation for underlying ocean and land. With this assumption, the vorticity equation becomes time-independent, i.e. it is only a balance relationship between the anomaly geopotential height field and earth's surface heating field. This model is different from the usual GCM, so it may be called as the filtered anomaly model (FAM).A dozen examples of one month prediction are summarized in this report.  相似文献   

灰色系统理论在长期预报中的应用     

李耀先  肇裕福 《气象学报》1987,45(4):489-494

本文应用灰色系统理论,分别建立了南宁市的秋季寒露风、冬季菠萝低温、春季烂秧天气结束期的时间序列的灰色动态(GM)长期预测模型,预测的效果较令人满意。其优点为:①可以减少时间序列的随机性;②可以提高预测精度。  相似文献   

极限产量权重法分段预报盐城市大、小麦产量     

李荣生  袁玉付 《气象》1996,22(5):55-57

根据盐城市的大、小麦产量，农技措施和气象资料，采用极限产量权重法组建大，小麦产量（ｙ）的预报模式：ｙ＝ｙｍ－ｙ农－ｙ灾－ｙ气或改写为：ｙ＝ｙｍ（１－（∑ａｉ＋∑Ｂｊ＋∑Ｃｎ））对盐城市大、小麦产量进行分段预报，经多年试报，结果与实产的相以误差均在５％以内。  相似文献