A kinematic hardening based model for unsaturated soils considering different hydraulic conditions          下载免费PDF全文

Mohammad Maleki  Hassan Pouyan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(16):2271-2290

At present, several of the existing elastoplastic constitutive models are adapted for describing the stress–strain behavior of unsaturated soils. However, most of them present certain limitations in this field. These limitations can be related to the basic model and/or added unsaturated state variables and formulations. In this regard, inability to model the hydro‐mechanical behavior in constant water (CW) conditions is an example of these limitations. In this paper, an advanced version of CJS model is selected for adaptation to the unsaturated states. Adaptation to unsaturated states is achieved in the framework of effective stress approach. Effective stress equation and unsaturated state variables are selected based on the recent research existing in the literature. The developed model is capable of describing the complex behavior of unsaturated soil in the CW condition in addition to predicting the behavior at failure and post–failure, nonlinear elastoplastic behavior at low levels of stress and strain (by selecting a very small elastic domain), as well as wetting and collapse behaviors. In order to validate the model, results of triaxial tests in CD and CW conditions are used. The validation results indicate the good capability of the proposed model. Behavior of the unsaturated soils during wetting is an important issue. For this reason, the model is also evaluated based on the results of wetting and collapse triaxial tests. A comparison between the tests and simulation results shows that the model is able to predict the soil behavior under the wetting path. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Intertidal gastropod assemblages shaped by key environmental variables across the northern Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Omanss     

Fatemeh Amini‐Yekta  Mohammad Reza Shokri  Abdolvahab Maghsoudlou  Hassan Rajabi‐Maham 《Marine Ecology》2019,40(3)

Variations in environmental factors can alter the species distribution pattern in intertidal rocky shores. The Persian Gulf (PG) and the Gulf of Oman (GO) vary substantially with respect to environmental and oceanographic conditions. The abundance and biodiversity of intertidal rocky gastropods in five locations across the northern PG and the GO were compared, and the environmental variables underlying the distribution pattern of these organisms were investigated. A total of 67 gastropod species were identified. The largest average density (294 ind./m²) and diversity (N = 43) for gastropods occurred in the Hotel Lipar station (LIP) located in Chabahar Bay in the GO. Clypeomorus bifasciata (107.43 ind./m²) followed by Cerithium caeruleum (94.67 ind./m²) were the most abundant species. Planaxis sulcatus and Siphonaria spp. occurred in all locations during both sampling occasions. Species richness and abundance of gastropods showed significant differences between LIP and remaining locations. A significant difference was found in assemblage structure across locations. In general, the species richness and density in the locations at GO were significantly larger than those locations in the PG, suggesting that the harsh environmental condition in the PG might be the forcing factor for this diminish. Distinct grouping was observed in both assemblage structure and species composition between locations in the PG and the GO. The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of gastropods assemblages were significantly correlated with variation in salinity and substrate rugosity.  相似文献   

Computational hydrodynamic analysis of the propeller–rudder and the AZIPOD systems     

Hassan Ghassemi  Parviz Ghadimi 《Ocean Engineering》2008,35(1):117-130

A computational method has been developed to predict the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller–rudder systems (PRS) and azimuthing podded drive (AZIPOD) systems. The method employs a vortex-based lifting theory for the propeller and the potential surface panel method for the steering system. Three propeller models along with three steering systems (rudder and strut, flap and pod (SFP)) are implemented in the present calculations for the cases of uniform and non-uniform conditions. Computed velocity components show good agreement with the experimental measurements behind a propeller with or without the rudder. Calculated thrust, torque and lift also agree well with the experimental results. Computations are also performed for an AZIPOD system in order to obtain the pressure distributions on the SFP, and the hydrodynamic performance (thrust, torque and lift coefficients). The present method is useful for examining the performance of the PRS and AZIPOD systems in the hope of estimating the propulsion and the maneuverability characteristics of the marine vehicles more accurately.  相似文献   

Prediction of Vibration Velocity Generated in Mine Blasting Using Support Vector Regression Improved by Optimization Algorithms     

Yang  Haiqing  Nikafshan Rad  Hima  Hasanipanah  Mahdi  Bakhshandeh Amnieh  Hassan  Nekouie  Atefeh 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(2):807-830

Natural Resources Research - Ground vibration generated from blasting is a detrimental side effect of the use of explosives to break the rock mass in mines. Therefore, accurately predicting ground...  相似文献   

Lessons learnt from a collaborative management programme in coastal Tanzania     

Sue Wells  Melita Samoilys  Solomon Makoloweka  Hassan Kalombo 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2010,53(4):161-168

The Tanga Coastal Zone Conservation and Development Programme, initiated in 1994, was among the first such projects to make livelihoods improvement a key objective, and to use a community-based approach. It developed an approach to coastal management planning that is broadly satisfactory to both communities and the government. Six fisheries management areas and two mangrove management areas were established. Institutional arrangements for the collaborative approach were strengthened and community leaders and local government officers were trained in a range of relevant skills. A coastal environmental education programme for primary schools involved several thousand schoolchildren, and a gender programme built the confidence of women. Implementation of the management measures was noticeably harder than planning, particularly elimination of destructive fishing methods. Fishers and coastal communities now however have a much greater involvement in, and understanding of, coastal management and consequently a greater sense of ownership.  相似文献   

Performance of a conceptual and physically based model in simulating the response of a semi‐urbanized watershed in San Antonio,Texas     

Almoutaz A. El Hassan  H. O. Sharif  Terrance Jackson  Singaiah Chintalapudi 《水文研究》2013,27(24):3394-3408

The need for accurate hydrologic analysis and rainfall–runoff modelling tools has been rapidly increasing because of the growing complexity of operational hydrologic and hydraulic problems associated with population growth, rapid urbanization and expansion of agricultural activities. Given the recent advances in remote sensing of physiographic features and the availability of near real‐time precipitation products, rainfall–runoff models are expected to predict runoff more accurately. In this study, we compare the performance and implementation requirements of two rainfall–runoff models for a semi‐urbanized watershed. One is a semi‐distributed conceptual model, the Hydrologic Engineering Center‐Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC‐HMS). The other is a physically based, distributed‐parameter hydrologic model, the Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA). Four flood events that took place on the Leon Creek watershed, a sub‐watershed of the San Antonio River basin in Texas, were used in this study. The two models were driven by the Multisensor Precipitation Estimator radar products. One event (in 2007) was used for HEC‐HMS and GSSHA calibrations. Two events (in 2004 and 2007) were used for further calibration of HEC‐HMS. Three events (in 2002, 2004 and 2010) were used for model validation. In general, the physically based, distributed‐parameter model performed better than the conceptual model and required less calibration. The two models were prepared with the same minimum required input data, and the effort required to build the two models did not differ substantially. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

A Truly Spatial Random Forests Algorithm for Geoscience Data Analysis and Modelling     

Talebi  Hassan  Peeters  Luk J. M.  Otto  Alex  Tolosana-Delgado  Raimon 《Mathematical Geosciences》2022,54(1):1-22

Mathematical Geosciences - Spatial data mining helps to find hidden but potentially informative patterns from large and high-dimensional geoscience data. Non-spatial learners generally look at the...  相似文献   

Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on surface water availability in Iran     

Ashraf  Samaneh  AghaKouchak  Amir  Nazemi  Ali  Mirchi  Ali  Sadegh  Mojtaba  Moftakhari  Hamed R.  Hassanzadeh  Elmira  Miao  Chi-Yuan  Madani  Kaveh  Mousavi Baygi  Mohammad  Anjileli  Hassan  Arab  Davood Reza  Norouzi  Hamid  Mazdiyasni  Omid  Azarderakhsh  Marzi  Alborzi  Aneseh  Tourian  Mohammad J.  Mehran  Ali  Farahmand  Alireza  Mallakpour  Iman 《Climatic change》2019,152(3-4):379-391

Climatic Change - By combining long-term ground-based data on water withdrawal with climate model projections, this study quantifies the compounding effects of human activities and climate change...  相似文献   

Landslide susceptibility assessment of national highway 1D from Sonamarg to Kargil,Jammu and Kashmir,India using frequency ratio method     

Nanda  Aadil Manzoor  Hassan  Zahoor ul  Ahmed  Pervez  Kanth  T. A. 《GeoJournal》2021,86(6):2945-2956

GeoJournal - This study is an attempt to carry landslide susceptibility assessment along national highway 1D a lifeline to the Ladakh region using Frequency Ratio Method in GIS environment. The...  相似文献   

Hydrogeological framework and estimation of aquifer hydraulic parameters using geoelectrical data: a case study from West Iran   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Abduulah Taheri Tizro  Kostantanous S. Voudouris  Mortaza Salehzade  Hassan Mashayekhi 《Hydrogeology Journal》2010,18(4):917-929

Detailed local geological, geophysical, and hydrogeological investigations were carried out for the alluvial aquifer in the Kangavar basin, West Iran to delineate the architecture of different subsurface geological horizons using lithologs and generated vertical electrical sounding (VES) data. An attempt has also been made to estimate aquifer transmissivity from resistivity data. Forty VESs were recorded with the Schlumberger electrode configuration in the study area; 28 of these were selected for evaluation. The maximum current electrode spacing was 400–500 m. The data obtained were interpreted by computer iterative modeling with curve matching for calibration purposes. In order to ascertain the subsurface geological framework, the general distribution of resistivity responses of the geological formations was obtained and geoelectrical sections along a number of lines were prepared. Probable aquifer horizons from these sections were identified. The transmissivity of the unconfined aquifer was computed by determining the Dar-Zarrouk parameters (longitudinal unit conductance and transverse unit resistance) and were compared with the actual field transmissivity. The results showed a direct relation between aquifer transmissivity and modified transverse resistance.  相似文献