Using the DPFT approach to improve flash flood forecasting models     

D. Sempere Torres  J. Y. Rodriguez  Ch. Obled 《Natural Hazards》1984,5(1):17-41

DPFT is a lumped approach for operational flash flood forecasting, based on the unit hydrograph. Using a multi-event alternating iterative algorithm, it identifies a robust and stable average transfer function and a consistent set of effective rainfall series associated with each event at the same time. This key ingredient allows an objective calibration of different loss functions, relating gauged precipitation and effective rainfall. A case study based on an operational French basin (545 km²) is presented. Three lumped production functions have been calibrated and compared. The results show that more elaborate models of loss functions must be proposed, and some possible directions for this are pointed out.Presently at the Institut de Ciences de la Terra Jaume Almera, Apartat 30102, 08080 Barcelona, Spain.Presently at EDF-DTG. Service de Ressources en Eau, BP 4348, 31029 Toulouse Cedex, France.  相似文献   

Integrated remote sensing and GIS techniques for biogeochemical characterization of the Tinto-Odiel estuary system,SW Spain     

M.?Chica-OlmoEmail author  F.?Rodriguez  F.?Abarca  J.?P.?Rigol-Sanchez  E.?deMiguel  J.?A.?Gomez  A.?Fernandez-Palacios 《Environmental Geology》2004,45(6):834-842

The Tinto-Odiel estuary area in SW Spain presents a high concentration of industrial, agricultural and mining activities that seriously affect water quality, producing significant concentrations in trace metals and other contaminant elements. Previous studies have highlighted the important environmental effect of these contaminated waters discharged into the Gulf of Cadiz, contributing in a marked way to trace-metal concentrations in the Mediterranean Sea by water inflow through the Strait of Gibraltar. A global biogeochemical characterization of these waters was the main objective of a multidisciplinary research study funded by the European Union, in which remote sensing and GIS techniques, among other methodologies, were jointly applied. The main results confirmed the usefulness of this integrated methodological approach as an effective tool for the assessment of current biogeochemical conditions. Digital image processing provided valuable thematic information for temporal hydrodynamic analysis and water quality parameters mapping, which was integrated into a GIS database together with experimental information sampled in oceanographic cruises.  相似文献   

Post-Messinian evolutional patterns of the central Alboran Sea     

J. Campos  A. Maldonado  A. C. Campillo 《Geo-Marine Letters》1992,12(2-3):173-178

The northern Alboran Ridge margin depicts fault-bounded, structural blocks tilted downward to the basins. Post-Messinian sequences fill depressions on these blocks with thick depositional wedges thinning basinward. A change in the stress field after the Early Pliocene produced structural inversions and generalized uplifting of the Alboran Ridge from the Late Pliocene to Recent time.  相似文献   

Comparison of Phytoplankton Species Composition and Abundance in the Rias Arosa and Muros (NW Spain)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. J. Campos  J. Mariño 《Marine Ecology》1982,3(1):1-12

Abstract. Seasonal changes in phytoplankton species composition and abundance were studied in the Rias de Arosa and Muros (NW Spain) in November 1975, April and August 1976. Data on density and percentage contribution of species were used to calculate spatial and temporal relationships of phytoplankton communities by affinity matrices. The phytoplankton communities of both rias differed in species composition and abundance during the three sampling seasons. Diatoms dominated and total abundance was always higher in Arosa. Both rias have upwelling of nutrient-rich oceanic water but the Arosa has an intense raft aquaculture of the edible mussel Mytilus edulis.  相似文献   

Evaluating fish stock changes from the fragmentary catch and effort data of the Angolan fisheries     

De Campos Rosado  J. M. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1974,35(2):180-184

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What information do policy makers need to develop climate adaptation plans for smallholder farmers? The case of Central America and Mexico   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Camila I. Donatti  Celia A. Harvey  M. Ruth Martinez-Rodriguez  Raffaele Vignola  Carlos Manuel Rodriguez 《Climatic change》2017,141(1):107-121

Scientific and technical information can increase the ability of policy makers to make strategic decisions. However, climate change policy is often formulated without significant input from science. We examine whether the availability and accessibility of information related to climate change is a major barrier for policy action on climate change adaptation for smallholder farmers. We also investigate whether scientific information related to climate change is available and used in policy making in Central America and Mexico. Our online survey of 105 decision makers indicated that a lack of scientific and technical information hinders policy makers from developing policies to help smallholder farmers adapt to climate change. Specific needs include information on the impacts of climate change on water availability for agriculture and the areas that are or will be prone to flooding, droughts or landslides. Information about the location of the farmers who are most vulnerable to climate change, the projected temperature and precipitation in agricultural areas and the expected impacts of climate change on crop yields or animal productivity, is also needed. Despite high interest in having scientific information guide policy making, many respondents indicated that policy makers rarely use this information in adaptation planning. In addition to ensuring that relevant information is available to inform policy making, technical and scientific information must be published in venues that are readily accessible for policy makers, easy to understand, and written in a format that is policy-relevant. It is also critical that scientific articles provide specific recommendations for achieving desired policy outcomes.  相似文献   

Intense drought and flooding events in the Rio Negro and relation with the tropical Pacific and Atlantic variability modes     

Andreoli  Rita Valéria  da Silva  Simone Nazaré Rodriguez  de Souza  Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira  Kayano  Mary Toshie  Garcia  Sâmia Regina  Capistrano  Vinícius Buscioli  Armijos  Elisa 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2017,129(1-2):551-576

The relationship of the hydrological variability of the Rio Negro in Manaus and the dominant large-scale climate variability patterns for the 1902–2007 period is investigated using the quantile method and composite analyses. Variations of the Rio Negro Level (RNL) during its 3-month high (May to July—MJJ) and low (October to December—OND) phases are examined separately. The El Niño (La Niña) related maximum warming (cooling) in the central tropical Pacific during its mature and decaying stages modulates the atmospheric circulation in the tropics and displaces the Walker circulation cell eastward (westward), so that its sinking (rising) branch occurs over western Amazon and causes negative (positive) precipitation anomalies in this region. These anomalous climate conditions occur before the Rio Negro high phase (MJJ) and contribute to reduce (increase) the RNL and lead to a very low (very high) event in the river. On the other hand, the SST variability modes in the tropical Atlantic mainly during the transition from wet to dry season modulate the precipitation variations over western Amazon in OND. The very high events are more frequent after the 1960’s decade and the very low events, before the 1930’s decade. Therefore, the occurrence of these events contains a multidecadal scale variability. The results also indicate that the variations in the rainfall in western Amazon occur up to 9 months in advance and modulate the RNL in Manaus. The results presented here might be useful for monitoring purposes of the RNL.

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Combined effect of pulse density and grid cell size on predicting and mapping aboveground carbon in fast-growing Eucalyptus forest plantation using airborne LiDAR data     

Carlos Alberto Silva  Andrew Thomas Hudak  Carine Klauberg  Lee Alexandre Vierling  Carlos Gonzalez-Benecke  Samuel de Padua Chaves Carvalho  Luiz Carlos Estraviz Rodriguez  Adrián Cardil 《Carbon balance and management》2017,12(1):13

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A deeply embedded companion to LKHα198     

P. O. Lagage  G. Oloffson  S. Cabrit  C. Cesarsky  L. Nordh  J. M. Rodriguez Espinosa 《Experimental Astronomy》1994,3(1-4):163-164

The region around the Herbig Ae/Be star LkH198 was imaged at 10m with the CAMIRAS camera at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and the Nordic Optical Telescope. We discovered a deeply embedded companion 6 north of LkH198, which may be responsible for most of the far-infrared emission in the region and for driving the molecular flow. LkH198 appears point-like at our resolution (FWHM 1.3), excluding an extended envelope of transiently heated small grains as the dominant origin of the mid-infrared excess in that star.  相似文献   

Acute Disturbance of Lake Pontchartrain Benthic Communities by Hurricane Katrina     

Michael A. Poirrier  Zoe Rodriguez del Rey  Elizabeth A. Spalding 《Estuaries and Coasts》2008,31(6):1221-1228

In 2005, Hurricane Katrina produced a distinct, acute ecological disturbance of the benthic invertebrate community of Lake Pontchartrain, LA, USA. The bivalve Rangia cuneata and other community dominants were lost from 50% (815 km²) of the lake bottom. The storm surge directly killed benthic organisms and produced salinity stratification that caused episodes of detrimental low dissolved oxygen concentration at depths >3.7 m. Past disturbance of the bottom by shell dredging and intrusion of higher salinity bottom water through deep shipping channels appears to have contributed to the severity of this impact. Colonization by tolerant opportunistic taxa occurred, but low rainfall after Katrina has slowed the recovery of the typical rangia community. A decrease in water transparency and an increase in turbidity and chlorophyll a were associated with the loss of clam biomass. Other hurricanes may have produced less obvious but similar effects on smaller spatial and temporal scales.  相似文献