Fluid/rock interaction and mass transfer in continental subduction zones: constraints from trace elements and isotopes (Li,B, O,Sr, Nd,Pb) in UHP rocks from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Program,Sulu, East China   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Yilin Xiao  Jochen Hoefs  Zhenhui Hou  Klaus Simon  Zeming Zhang 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(4):797-819

In order to better understand the role of fluids during subduction and subsequent exhumation, we have investigated whole-rock and mineral chemistry (major and trace elements) and Li, B as well as O, Sr, Nd, Pb isotopes on selected continuous drill-core profiles through contrasting lithological boundaries from the Chinese Continental Scientific Drilling Program (CCSD) in Sulu, China. Four carefully selected sample sets have been chosen to investigate geochemical changes as a result of fluid mobilization during dehydration, peak metamorphism, and exhumation of deeply subducted continental crust. Our data reveal that while O and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic compositions remain more or less unchanged, significant Li and/or B isotope fractionations occur between different lithologies that are in close contact during various metamorphic stages. Samples that are supposed to represent prograde dehydration as indicated by veins formed at high pressures (HP) are characterized by element patterns of highly fluid-mobile elements in the veins that are complementary to those of the host eclogite. A second sample set represents a UHP metamorphic crustal eclogite that is separated from a garnet peridotite by a thin transitional interface. Garnet peridotite and eclogite are characterized by a >10% difference in MgO, which, together with the presence of abundant hydroxyl-bearing minerals and compositionally different clinopyroxene grains demonstrate that both rocks have been derived from different sources that have been tectonically juxtaposed during subduction, and that hydrous silicate-rich fluids have been added from the subducting slab to the mantle. Two additional sample sets, comprising retrograde amphibolite and relatively fresh eclogite, demonstrate that besides external fluids, internal fluids can be responsible for the formation of amphibolite. Li and B concentrations and isotopic compositions point to losses and isotopic fractionation during progressive dehydration. On the other hand, fluids with isotopically heavier Li and B are added during retrogression. On a small scale, mantle-derived rocks may be significantly metasomatized by fluids derived from the subducted slab. Our study indicates that during high-grade metamorphism, Li and B may show different patterns of enrichment and of isotopic fractionation.  相似文献   

A reappraisal of the high-Ti and low-Ti classification of basalts and petrogenetic linkage between basalts and mafic–ultramafic intrusions in the Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China     

Tong Hou  Zhaochong Zhang  Timothy Kusky  Yangsong Du  Junlai Liu  Zhidan Zhao 《Ore Geology Reviews》2011,41(1):133-143

Based on published data, we reappraise the classification of high-Ti and low-Ti basalt from the Emeishan large igneous province (ELIP) and the correlations between basalts and mafic–ultramafic intrusions. Because of the lack of clear spatial and temporal variations of different types of basalts, we suggest that the basalts in the ELIP cannot be classified into high-Ti and low-Ti groups, by TiO₂ contents and/or Ti/Y ratios. The distinctive characteristics of these high-Ti and low-Ti lavas probably result largely from the different fractionating assemblages. Whether or not fractional crystallization of the Fe–Ti oxides occurred probably is the key factor that controls the Ti abundances and Ti/Y ratios in the residual melts, e.g., lavas, although the nature of the mantle sources, variable degrees of partial melting of mantle and crustal contamination also influence the geochemical signatures of the lavas. Therefore, neither Ti abundance nor Ti/Y ratios in basalts can reflect the nature of their mantle source. Moreover, the different types of mafic–ultramafic intrusions in the ELIP cannot simply be attributed to be genetically related special types of basalts, either high-Ti or low-Ti basalts. It is likely that they are merely the cumulus phases, i.e. chamber or conduit of the basaltic lavas. Hence, caution should be exercised in the use of high-Ti or low-Ti basalts as prospecting vectors for ore deposits in the region. Potential implications are proposed that both the Fe–V–Ti oxide and Cu–Ni–(PGE) sulfide mineralization in the ELIP intrusions is largely due to the variable differentiation and crustal contamination during magmatic processes.  相似文献   

强震条件下碎裂岩体崩塌机理及崩塌后壁对堆积体稳定性影响研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵伟华  黄润秋  赵建军  巨能攀  李果 《工程地质学报》2011,19(2):205-212

5 12 汶川地震的强震作用诱发产生了大量崩塌地质灾害,且多发生于碎裂结构岩体中。崩塌后斜坡后缘岩体及前缘堆积体的稳定性和后缘岩体对前缘堆积体稳定性的影响研究同样是震后灾害所面临的问题。以干河沟沟口斜坡为例,在分析该斜坡结构特征及崩塌机理的基础上,采用二维离散元软件UDEC模拟了斜坡在天然或强震条件下的稳定状态和可能失稳过程; 运用极限平衡法对陡壁岩体再次崩塌,产生新物质堆载在现有崩塌堆积体后缘前、后分别建立模型进行了稳定性分析。研究结果表明:碎裂岩体崩塌过程可分为应力重分布、潜在崩塌体形成和地震诱发崩塌3个阶段。崩塌堆积体在考虑后缘堆载作用之前,在天然或地震环境下均处于相对稳定状态,考虑堆载作用之后,其可能会在地震条件下失稳。离散元法和极限平衡法的组合使用,对于解决同类斜坡的同类问题切实可行。  相似文献   

沱沱河盆地古近纪-新近纪盆地演化及青藏高原隆升的沉积响应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

刘燕学  侯增谦  王光辉  江小均  李政  宋玉财  王晓虎 《地学前缘》2011,18(4):65-76

通过对青藏高原腹地沱沱河盆地古近纪-新近纪沉积序列、区域不整合面、岩性特点及分布特征等分析研究,认为沱沱河盆地古近纪-新近纪沉积由下而上可分为沱沱河组、雅西措组、五道梁组和曲果组4个向上变浅序列,构成两个完整的陆相造山磨拉石建造序列.盆地分析表明,古近纪-新近纪沱沱河盆地经历了前陆盆地演化阶段(56.5～45.0 Ma...  相似文献   

非饱和土抗剪强度随含水量变化的试验研究     

王兴兴  侯克鹏  马开川 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(6):278-280,285

在土力学中,非饱和土的抗剪强度一直是研究人员所关注的重点。土体的抗剪强度随含水量的不同变化明显。试验以云南某重塑土为研究对象,采用常规直接剪切试验为手段,对不同含水量土样的抗剪强度参数进行测定。试验结果表明,土样的抗剪强度不是单调地随含水量的增加而降低,而是呈现出有起有伏的抛物线状,对进一步认识土体强度随含水量变化规律有积极意义。  相似文献   

Atmospheric pollution indicated by trace elements in snow from the northern slope of Cho Oyu range,Himalayas     

Yaping Liu  Shugui Hou  Sungmin Hong  Soon-Do Hur  Khanghyun Lee  Yetang Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(2):311-320

Samples collected from a 0.87 m snow pit at a high altitude site in the Cho Oyu range, Himalayas were measured for V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb, Bi, Th, and U using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. In addition, major ions, oxygen stable isotopes, and microparticles were also measured to assist the interpretation of seasonal variation of trace elements. The trace elements show a distinct seasonality, i.e., higher concentrations during the non-monsoon season than those during the monsoon season. Significant correlation is observed between Ba and the other trace elements. Crustal enrichment factor (EF_c) analysis indicates that V, Mn, Co, Ni, Rb, Sr, and Th originate mainly from crustal dust, while anthropogenic inputs make an important contribution to the other trace elements (i.e., Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ti, Pb, Bi, and U). Evidence from air mass back trajectories suggests that atmospheric trace element pollution reaching the studied area is transported dominantly by Indian summer monsoon during the monsoon season, while it is transported mainly by the westerlies during the non-monsoon season.  相似文献   

软土一维次固结特性试验研究     

沈大庆  于永堂  侯晓亮 《岩土工程技术》2011,25(2):68-71

基于南京河西地区原状和重塑软粘土的一系列一维次固结试验,探讨了预压荷载、加荷比、加荷方式对重塑软土次固结系数的影响以及原状土的次固结变形特征。试验结果表明：当荷载小于预压荷载时,预压能明显减小次固结系数,反之,预压对次固结系数的影响不明显．加荷比对次固结系数的影响明显,次固结系数随加荷比的增大而增大;分级加荷对应的次固结系数要大于分别加荷所对应的次固结系数;该地区原状土的蠕变属于衰减蠕变。  相似文献   

Water exchange and circulation structure near the Luzon Strait in early summer   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈更新  侯一筠  储小青 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(2):470-481

Using hydrographic data covering large areas of ocean for the period from June 21 to July 5 in 2009,we studied the circulation structure in the Luzon Strait area,examined the routes of water exchange between the South China Sea(SCS) and the Philippine Sea,and estimated the volume transport through Luzon Strait.We found that the Kuroshio axis follows a e-shaped path slightly east of 121uE in the upper layer.With an increase in depth,the Kuroshio axis became gradually farther from the island of Luzon.To study the water exchange between the Philippine Sea and the SCS,identification of inflows and outflows is necessary.We first identified which flows contributed to the water exchange through Luzon Strait,which differs from the approach taken in previous studies.We determined that the obvious water exchange is in the section of 121°E.The westward inflow from the Philippine Sea into the SCS is 6.39 Sv in volume,and mainly in the 100±500 m layer at 19.5°±20°N(accounting for 4.40 Sv),while the outflow from the SCS into the Philippine Sea is concentrated in the upper 100 m at 19°±20°N and upper 400 m at 21°±21.5°N,and below 240 m at 19°±19.5°N,accounting for 1.07,3.02 and 3.43 Sv in volume transport,respectively.  相似文献   

In-vitro anticoagulant activity of fucoidan derivatives from brown seaweed Laminaria japonica     

王晶  张全斌  张忠山  侯赟  张虹 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(3):679-685

Fucoidan, a group of sulfated heteropolysaccharides, was extracted from Laminaria japonica, an important economic alga species in China. The anticoagulant activity of fucoidan and its derivatives (including sulfated, phosphorylated, and aminated fucoidan) was examined using in-vitro anticoagulant systems. The correlation between chemical variations within the fucoidan group and anticoagulant activity was determined. The in-vitro anticoagulant properties of fucoidan and its derivatives were determined by measuring activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). The results indicate anticoagulant activity in all samples using APTT and TT assays; however, only the fucoidan derivatives affected the PT assay. Thus, the fucoidan derivatives were able to inhibit both intrinsic and extrinsic blood coagulants. Fucoidan (FPS) and its derivatives presented better anticoagulant activity than low molecular weight fucoidan (DFPS) and its derivatives, suggesting that molecular weight and proper conformation are contributing factors for anticoagulant activity of polysaccharides. Amino groups have a positive charge and can thus change the charge density of fucoidan. Accordingly, among the tested samples, aminated fucoidan (NF) was the most active reflecting the importance of charge density for anticoagulant activity. Available data obtained using in-vitro models suggest that the sulfate content, sulfate/total-sugar ratio, molecular weight, and the substituted group of fucoidan are important factors for anticoagulant activity but that the influence of sulfate, phosphate and amino groups on anticoagulant activity was different.  相似文献   

土地利用变化对吴江市水田土壤有机碳储量的影响分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高建峰  潘剑君  刘绍贵  姜小三 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(2):164-169

 农业表层土壤碳库容易受人为强烈干扰,而又可以在较短的时间尺度上进行调节,当今我国经济发达地区土地利用变化必然会对土壤固碳产生重要影响。本研究以江苏省吴江市水稻土为例,利用新一代中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)和TM/ETM影像提取了1984年稻田面积,以及这部分稻田在2000-2005年的土地利用变化状况。研究中以最大似然法对TM/ETM、MODIS影像应用归一化植被指数(NDVI)、增强型植被指数(EVI)和陆地水分指数(LSWI)掩膜的方法作了识别提取;同时,结合第二次全国土壤普查、2003年耕地地力调查点和吴江市农林局土肥指导站长期定位点的土壤有机碳数据估算了1984年和2000-2005年土壤碳库变化情况。结果表明:近20多年来尽管吴江市水稻土水耕熟化过程中有机碳总体呈增加的趋势,但由于大量稻田被非农用地所取代,导致土壤固碳能力大幅度下降,尤其从2001年开始从"碳汇"变成"碳源"。因此,在我国经济发达区应密切关注耕地转换成非农用地而导致的土壤有机碳的损失。  相似文献