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991.
SONG Dong-mei XIANG Liang SHAN Xin-jian YIN Jing-yuan WANG Bin CUI Jian-yong 《地震地质》2019,41(6):1511-1528
There are many factors related to the variations of TEC, and the changes of TEC caused by earthquake only occupy a small portion. Therefore, it is vital how to exclude the ionospheric interference of non-seismic factors accurately in the process of seismic ionospheric anomaly extraction. This study constructed a TEC non-seismic dynamic background field considering the influence of solar and geomagnetic activities. Firstly, the TEC components of half-year cycle and annual cycle are extracted by wavelet decomposition. Then, it establishes a regression model between TEC in which periodic factors are removed and solar activity index, geomagnetic activity index with SVR method(support vector regression)in non-seismic period. Finally, based on the constructed model, the solar activity index and geomagnetic activity index is used to reconstruct aperiodic components of TEC in earthquake's period. From the reconstructed aperiodic components of TEC plus the half-year periodic components and annual periodic components of TEC in the same period, the non-seismic dynamic background field is obtained. Comparing the residuals relative to original TEC values in non-seismic dynamic background field and traditional sliding window background, there are apparent monthly periodic change and semi-annual periodic change in the residuals of sliding window background, which can have obvious impacts on the subsequent seismic ionospheric anomaly detection. In order to test the validity of seismic TEC anomaly detection based on the background field construction method, this paper investigated the long time series TEC anomalies near Wenchuan city(30°N, 100°E)from March 1 to September 26 in 2008. It is found that under the condition of non-seismic disturbance such as solar activity and geomagnetic activity, TEC abnormal disturbance is rarely detected by non-seismic dynamic background field method, when compared with the traditional sliding time-window method. And before the earthquake, more TEC anomalies were detected based on the proposed method, also, they were more intense than those extracted by sliding window method. Therefore, the TEC background field construction method based on SVR(support vector regression)has superiorities in both system errors elimination, which are caused by solar, geomagnetism, the non-seismic ionospheric disturbance events and periodic fluctuations of TEC, and in reducing the false alarm rate of seismic TEC anomaly. Moreover, it can also improve the seismic TEC anomaly detection ability. In addition, this paper analyzed the time-spatial distribution of TEC anomaly before three earthquakes on May 12, August 21 and August 30, 2008. They were mainly negative abnormal perturbations and often distributed on the equatorial side of epicenter. 相似文献
992.
随着城市人口的增加,越来越多的超高层建筑在中国各大城市涌现,在其全寿命周期内不可避免的会遭受风甚至地震等多灾害的作用。以上海中心大厦为分析模型,根据其场地条件,采用Benowitez在2015年提出的1种基于随机波的模型方法模拟不同高度处具有空间相关性的脉动风荷载时程。通过对Perform 3D有限元软件建立的上海中心大厦模型进行非线性动力时程分析,研究地震和风耦合作用下对于结构性能的影响,并基于多灾害需求生成结构在地震和风耦合作用下的易损性曲面来研究结构的抗振可靠度。结果表明:结构的响应和易损性随着风速和PGA的增大而显著增大;随着风速的增大结构的响应和易损性均有增大的趋势,但随着地震动的增大,风荷载对结构响应和易损性影响逐步减小。 相似文献
993.
文章研究了大生活用海水厌氧生物处理过程中海水盐度、水温、有机负荷、水力停留时间等因素对污染物去除率的影响。结果表明,厌氧塘对大生活用海水中COD,TKN,NH3-N,TP的净化效果分别可以达到50%、30.4%、24.9%和22.5%。温度对厌氧塘的去除率有较大的影响,随着温度的上升,厌氧塘对污染物的去除率提高。厌氧塘能够经受一定盐度变化的冲击和有机负荷的冲击,其水力停留时间以10d为宜。在污水中海水比例为36%时,经过培养驯化,厌氧塘中的优势耐盐细菌以假单胞菌属、索氏甲烷杆菌属、硝酸盐还原菌、硫酸盐还原菌为主。 相似文献
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995.
利用ERS-1/2雷达卫星数据,通过合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术,提取了西藏崩错地区的数字高程模型(DEM),得到的ERS-1/2DEM在反映微地貌特征时明显优于中国1/25万DEM和2004年美国公布的90m分辨率的SRTMDEM。基于ERS-1/2DEM对崩错断层带进行地貌分析发现:在崩错断层带和蓬错断层带的交接部位地貌特征复杂,一类似于蓬错断层带的构造地貌穿过了崩错断层带上达孜-打沙断层,在这一位置达孜-打沙断层切过冲沟,表明达孜-打沙断层的这个段落在近期内活动过,同时被达孜-打沙断层切穿的冲沟切断了那卡-纳堆多断层,说明那卡-纳堆多断层比达孜-打沙断层形成时间要早 相似文献
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998.
察尔汗盐湖赋存有硫酸镁亚型和氯化物型两种水化学类型,沉积了中国最大的液体钾镁盐矿床。为解释察尔汗盐湖卤水矿床成因,拟在别勒滩、达布逊、察尔汗和霍布逊区段选择4个剖面,剖面深度在0~7 m之间,属于全新统上含盐组的上部盐层,每隔10cm进行采样,运用XRD半定量方法分析矿物组合特征。结果表明,整个湖区矿物组合由石盐、石膏、水氯镁石和碳酸盐组成,其平均含量分别为70%、4.7%、3.4%和1%;显示其矿物组合特征简单,盐层主要沉积石盐而贫石膏和碳酸盐矿物。同时,研究发现各区段石膏(硫酸盐矿物)平均含量自西向东明显下降,含镁矿物平均含量自西南向东北明显下降。结合察尔汗盐湖区卤水化学组成和水化学类型的分带,基本符合盐湖北部和东北部卤水富Ca~(2+),贫Mg~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)的沉积事实,进一步说明盐湖北部和东北部卤水和盐类沉积受具有氯化物型盐泉水的补给影响,为察尔汗盐湖混合掺杂成因提供了一定的矿物学证据。 相似文献
999.
讨论了小型脉状金矿的地质及激发极化异常特征,通过已知脉状金矿体的实例,说明寻找隐伏金矿时,要注意研究低缓的,幅度较小但稳定连续的异常,这些激发极化异常有可能是小型脉状金矿体的反映。由于成矿条件的限制,在金属硫化物含量不同的情况下,矿体可以表现为低阻高极化体,也可能表现为高阻高极化体。电阻率法受地形影响大,不易分辨小型脉状体的异常,可以作为评价和解释的参考信息,而激发极化法受地形影响小,是寻找含硫化物的小型脉状金矿体的有效方法。 相似文献
1000.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL DEFORMATION OF THE 2008 GAIZE EARTHQUAKES RESOLVED FROM INSAR MEASUREMENTS BY MULTIPLE VIEW ANGLES AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS 下载免费PDF全文
The 2008 Gaize MW6.4 earthquake,occurring on the tensional active fault zone located between Lhasa terrane and Qiangtang terrane in the interior of Tibet is a typical normal-faulting event.In this paper,we resolve the three-dimensional coseismic displacement fields of the earthquakes using a least-square iterative approximation solution with a priori knowledge,according to the theoretical basis that InSAR measurements are extremely insensitive to N-S component.Results show that the boundary dividing the two sides of the main-shock fault is very clear in the vertical movement,and two remarkable subsidence centers can be observed on the hanging wall,while amplitude of the west one (-48.9cm) is larger than the east (-41.4cm),but the maximum uplift on the footwall is only 5cm.In addition to some northward movement with amplitude less than 5cm around the aftershock fault,the north-south deformation field suggests an overall southward movement.The three-dimensional results indicate that the induced surface movement is predominantly vertical and mostly occurred on the upper side,while there are obvious east-west separation and eastward rotation in the horizontal plane.The full vectors are consistent with simulated deformation field with the RMSE less than 6cm,so the research demonstrates the feasibility of the method to recover precise three-dimensional deformation field.On the whole,the three-dimensional deformation field coincides with the tensile fracture characteristics of Gaize earthquakes,and the tectonic stress background of coeval east-west extension and north-south shortening. 相似文献