DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS AND KINEMATIC PARAMETERS INVERSION OF HAIYUAN FAULT ZONE BASED ON TIME SERIES INSAR          下载免费PDF全文

QIAO Xin  QU Chun-yan  SHAN Xin-jian  LI Yan-chuan  ZHU Chuan-hua 《地震地质》2019,41(6):1481-1496

Located at the bend of the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Haiyuan fault zone is a boundary fault of the stable Alashan block, the stable Ordos block and the active Tibet block, and is the most significant fault zone for the tectonic deformation and strong earthquake activity. In 1920, a M8.5 earthquake occurred in the eastern segment of the fault, causing a surface rupture zone of about 240km. After that, the segment has been in a state of calmness in seismic activity, and no destructive earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above have occurred. Determining the current activity of the Haiyuan fault zone is very important and necessary for the analysis and assessment of its future seismic hazard. To study activity of the Haiyuan fault zone, the degree of fault coupling and the future seismic hazard, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research using geology methods and GPS geodetic techniques, but these methods have certain limitations. The geology method is a traditional classical method of fault activity research, but dislocation measurement can only be performed on a local good fault outcrop. There are a limited number of field measurement points and the observation results are not equally limited depending on the sampling location and sampling method. The distribution of GPS stations is sparse, especially in the near-fault area, there is almost no GPS data. Therefore, the spatial resolution of the deformation field features obtained by GPS is low, and there are certain limitations in the kinematic parameter inversion using this method. In this study, we obtain the average InSAR line-of-sight deformation field from the Maomaoshan section to the mid-1920s earthquake rupture segment of the Haiyuan earthquake in the period from 2003 to 2010 based on the PSInSAR technique. The results show that there are obvious differences between the slip rates of the two walls of the fault in the north and the south, which are consistent with the motion characteristics of left-lateral strike-slip in the Haiyuan fault zone. Through the analysis of the high-density cross-fault deformation rate profile of the Laohushan segment, it is determined that the creep length is about 19km. Based on the two-dimensional arctangent model, the fault depth and deep slip rate of different locations in the Haiyuan fault zone are obtained. The results show that the slip rate and the locking depth of the LHS segment change significantly from west to east, and the slip rate decreases from west to east, decreasing from 7.6mm/a in the west to 4.5mm/a in the easternmost. The western part of the LHS segment and the middle part are in a locked state. The western part has a locking depth of 4.2~4.4km, and the middle part has a deeper locking depth of 6.9km, while the eastern part is less than 1km, that is, the shallow surface is creeping, and the creep rate is 4.5~4.8mm/a. On the whole, the 1920 earthquake's rupture segment of the Haiyuan fault zone is in a locked state, and both the slip rate and the locking depth are gradually increased from west to east. The slip rate is increased from 3.2mm/a in the western segment to 5.4mm/a in the eastern segment, and the locking depth is increased from 4.8km in the western segment to 7.5km in the eastern segment. The results of this study refine the understanding of the slip rate and the locking depth of the different segments of the Haiyuan fault zone, and provide reference information for the investigation of the strain accumulation state and regional seismic hazard assessment of different sections of the fault zone.  相似文献   

THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING IONOSPHERIC TEC BACKGROUND FIELD BASED ON SVR MODEL          下载免费PDF全文

SONG Dong-mei  XIANG Liang  SHAN Xin-jian  YIN Jing-yuan  WANG Bin  CUI Jian-yong 《地震地质》2019,41(6):1511-1528

There are many factors related to the variations of TEC, and the changes of TEC caused by earthquake only occupy a small portion. Therefore, it is vital how to exclude the ionospheric interference of non-seismic factors accurately in the process of seismic ionospheric anomaly extraction. This study constructed a TEC non-seismic dynamic background field considering the influence of solar and geomagnetic activities. Firstly, the TEC components of half-year cycle and annual cycle are extracted by wavelet decomposition. Then, it establishes a regression model between TEC in which periodic factors are removed and solar activity index, geomagnetic activity index with SVR method(support vector regression)in non-seismic period. Finally, based on the constructed model, the solar activity index and geomagnetic activity index is used to reconstruct aperiodic components of TEC in earthquake's period. From the reconstructed aperiodic components of TEC plus the half-year periodic components and annual periodic components of TEC in the same period, the non-seismic dynamic background field is obtained. Comparing the residuals relative to original TEC values in non-seismic dynamic background field and traditional sliding window background, there are apparent monthly periodic change and semi-annual periodic change in the residuals of sliding window background, which can have obvious impacts on the subsequent seismic ionospheric anomaly detection. In order to test the validity of seismic TEC anomaly detection based on the background field construction method, this paper investigated the long time series TEC anomalies near Wenchuan city(30°N, 100°E)from March 1 to September 26 in 2008. It is found that under the condition of non-seismic disturbance such as solar activity and geomagnetic activity, TEC abnormal disturbance is rarely detected by non-seismic dynamic background field method, when compared with the traditional sliding time-window method. And before the earthquake, more TEC anomalies were detected based on the proposed method, also, they were more intense than those extracted by sliding window method. Therefore, the TEC background field construction method based on SVR(support vector regression)has superiorities in both system errors elimination, which are caused by solar, geomagnetism, the non-seismic ionospheric disturbance events and periodic fluctuations of TEC, and in reducing the false alarm rate of seismic TEC anomaly. Moreover, it can also improve the seismic TEC anomaly detection ability. In addition, this paper analyzed the time-spatial distribution of TEC anomaly before three earthquakes on May 12, August 21 and August 30, 2008. They were mainly negative abnormal perturbations and often distributed on the equatorial side of epicenter.  相似文献   

地震和风耦合作用下上海中心大厦结构易损性研究          下载免费PDF全文

周颖  单慧伟  邢丽丽  赵雪莲 《世界地震工程》2020,(2):001-11

随着城市人口的增加,越来越多的超高层建筑在中国各大城市涌现,在其全寿命周期内不可避免的会遭受风甚至地震等多灾害的作用。以上海中心大厦为分析模型,根据其场地条件,采用Benowitez在2015年提出的1种基于随机波的模型方法模拟不同高度处具有空间相关性的脉动风荷载时程。通过对Perform 3D有限元软件建立的上海中心大厦模型进行非线性动力时程分析,研究地震和风耦合作用下对于结构性能的影响,并基于多灾害需求生成结构在地震和风耦合作用下的易损性曲面来研究结构的抗振可靠度。结果表明:结构的响应和易损性随着风速和PGA的增大而显著增大;随着风速的增大结构的响应和易损性均有增大的趋势,但随着地震动的增大,风荷载对结构响应和易损性影响逐步减小。  相似文献   

大生活用海水的厌氧生物处理过程研究     

张雨山  王静  张秀芝  寇希元  成玉  单科  姜天翔  苗英霞 《海洋技术学报》2004,23(3):125-129

文章研究了大生活用海水厌氧生物处理过程中海水盐度、水温、有机负荷、水力停留时间等因素对污染物去除率的影响。结果表明,厌氧塘对大生活用海水中COD,TKN,NH3-N,TP的净化效果分别可以达到50％、30．4％、24．9％和22．5％。温度对厌氧塘的去除率有较大的影响,随着温度的上升,厌氧塘对污染物的去除率提高。厌氧塘能够经受一定盐度变化的冲击和有机负荷的冲击,其水力停留时间以10d为宜。在污水中海水比例为36％时,经过培养驯化,厌氧塘中的优势耐盐细菌以假单胞菌属、索氏甲烷杆菌属、硝酸盐还原菌、硫酸盐还原菌为主。  相似文献   

星载InSAR技术在西藏崩错地区构造地貌研究中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

宁树正  任金卫  单新建  陶玮  周德敏 《地震地质》2006,28(1):111-118

利用ERS-1/2雷达卫星数据,通过合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术,提取了西藏崩错地区的数字高程模型(DEM),得到的ERS-1/2DEM在反映微地貌特征时明显优于中国1/25万DEM和2004年美国公布的90m分辨率的SRTMDEM。基于ERS-1/2DEM对崩错断层带进行地貌分析发现:在崩错断层带和蓬错断层带的交接部位地貌特征复杂,一类似于蓬错断层带的构造地貌穿过了崩错断层带上达孜-打沙断层,在这一位置达孜-打沙断层切过冲沟,表明达孜-打沙断层的这个段落在近期内活动过,同时被达孜-打沙断层切穿的冲沟切断了那卡-纳堆多断层,说明那卡-纳堆多断层比达孜-打沙断层形成时间要早  相似文献   

2020年1月19日新疆伽师县MS6.4级地震InSAR同震形变场与断层滑动分布反演     

李成龙  张国宏  单新建  屈春燕  龚文瑜  贾蕊  赵德政 《地球物理学进展》2021,36(2):481-488

利用欧空局Sentinel-1A SAR数据,重建了2020年1月19日新疆伽师县MS6.4地震InSAR同震形变场.以升降轨InSAR形变场联合约束,反演了发震断层参数与同震滑动分布.结果 表明,地震同震形变场(长轴走向近EW向)发生在柯坪塔格褶皱带与奥兹格尔它乌褶皱带之间的区域内,升降轨观测的视线向(LOS)形变量...  相似文献   

宁夏大武口区地震应急避难场所空间布局优化研究     

任家琪  李伟  王剑磊  崔和安  单帅帅 《防灾减灾学报》2021,37(2):61-67

宁夏回族自治区石嘴山市大武口区位于鄂尔多斯断块体西北角,与贺兰山断隆区交汇,地质构造复杂,历史地震灾害频发.本文针对宁夏大武口区当地实际城镇布局情况,结合LA模型理论和GIS空间分析理论,以人口分布、建筑分布、公共设施分布、城市道路分布为基础参数,结合容纳性、可达性、就近性、平灾结合性等优化布局原则,对宁夏大武口区的地...  相似文献   

察尔汗盐湖矿物组合特征及其成因指示          下载免费PDF全文

弋嘉喜  樊启顺  魏海成  王明祥  秦占杰  袁秦  山发寿 《盐湖研究》2017,25(2):47-54

察尔汗盐湖赋存有硫酸镁亚型和氯化物型两种水化学类型,沉积了中国最大的液体钾镁盐矿床。为解释察尔汗盐湖卤水矿床成因,拟在别勒滩、达布逊、察尔汗和霍布逊区段选择4个剖面,剖面深度在0~7 m之间,属于全新统上含盐组的上部盐层,每隔10cm进行采样,运用XRD半定量方法分析矿物组合特征。结果表明,整个湖区矿物组合由石盐、石膏、水氯镁石和碳酸盐组成,其平均含量分别为70%、4.7%、3.4%和1%;显示其矿物组合特征简单,盐层主要沉积石盐而贫石膏和碳酸盐矿物。同时,研究发现各区段石膏(硫酸盐矿物)平均含量自西向东明显下降,含镁矿物平均含量自西南向东北明显下降。结合察尔汗盐湖区卤水化学组成和水化学类型的分带,基本符合盐湖北部和东北部卤水富Ca~(2+),贫Mg~(2+)和SO_4~(2-)的沉积事实,进一步说明盐湖北部和东北部卤水和盐类沉积受具有氯化物型盐泉水的补给影响,为察尔汗盐湖混合掺杂成因提供了一定的矿物学证据。  相似文献   

隐伏脉状金矿体的激发极化异常特征     

程志平  单娜琳 《物探与化探》2007,31(Z1):85-88

讨论了小型脉状金矿的地质及激发极化异常特征,通过已知脉状金矿体的实例,说明寻找隐伏金矿时,要注意研究低缓的,幅度较小但稳定连续的异常,这些激发极化异常有可能是小型脉状金矿体的反映。由于成矿条件的限制,在金属硫化物含量不同的情况下,矿体可以表现为低阻高极化体,也可能表现为高阻高极化体。电阻率法受地形影响大,不易分辨小型脉状体的异常,可以作为评价和解释的参考信息,而激发极化法受地形影响小,是寻找含硫化物的小型脉状金矿体的有效方法。  相似文献   

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DEFORMATION OF THE 2008 GAIZE EARTHQUAKES RESOLVED FROM INSAR MEASUREMENTS BY MULTIPLE VIEW ANGLES AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Jia-qing  ZHANG Guo-hong  SHAN Xin-jian  ZHANG Ying-feng 《地震地质》2016,38(4):978-986

The 2008 Gaize M_W6.4 earthquake,occurring on the tensional active fault zone located between Lhasa terrane and Qiangtang terrane in the interior of Tibet is a typical normal-faulting event.In this paper,we resolve the three-dimensional coseismic displacement fields of the earthquakes using a least-square iterative approximation solution with a priori knowledge,according to the theoretical basis that InSAR measurements are extremely insensitive to N-S component.Results show that the boundary dividing the two sides of the main-shock fault is very clear in the vertical movement,and two remarkable subsidence centers can be observed on the hanging wall,while amplitude of the west one (-48.9cm) is larger than the east (-41.4cm),but the maximum uplift on the footwall is only 5cm.In addition to some northward movement with amplitude less than 5cm around the aftershock fault,the north-south deformation field suggests an overall southward movement.The three-dimensional results indicate that the induced surface movement is predominantly vertical and mostly occurred on the upper side,while there are obvious east-west separation and eastward rotation in the horizontal plane.The full vectors are consistent with simulated deformation field with the RMSE less than 6cm,so the research demonstrates the feasibility of the method to recover precise three-dimensional deformation field.On the whole,the three-dimensional deformation field coincides with the tensile fracture characteristics of Gaize earthquakes,and the tectonic stress background of coeval east-west extension and north-south shortening.  相似文献