Flat rare earth element patterns as an indicator of cumulate processes in the Lesser Qinling carbonatites, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cheng Xu  Ian H. Campbell  Charlotte M. Allen  Zhilong Huang  Liang Qi  Huan Zhang  Guishan Zhang 《Lithos》2007,95(3-4):267-278

The Lesser Qinling carbonatite dykes are mainly composed of calcites. They are characterized by unusually high heavy rare earth element concentrations (HREE; e.g. Yb > 30 ppm) and flat to weakly light rare earth element (LREE) enriched chondrite-normalized patterns (La/Yb_n = 1.0–5.5), which is in marked contrast with all other published carbonatite data. The trace element contents of calcite crystals were measured in situ by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Some crystals show reduced LREE from core to rim, whereas their HREE compositions are relatively constant. The total REE contents and chondrite-normalized REE patterns from the cores of carbonate crystals are similar to those of the whole rock. The carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of calcites fall within the range of primary, mantle-derived carbonatites. The initial Sr isotopic compositions (0.70480–0.70557) of calcites are consistent with an EM1 source or mixing between HIMU and EM1 mantle sources. However these sources cannot produce carbonatite parental magmas with a flat or slightly LREE enrichment pattern by low degrees of partial melting. Analyses of carbonates from other carbonatites show that carbonates have nearly flat REE pattern if they crystallize from a LREE enriched carbonatite melt. This implies that when carbonates crystallize from a carbonatite melt the calcite/melt partition coefficients (D) for HREE are much greater than the D for the LREE. The nearly flat REE patterns of the Lesser Qinling carbonatites can be explained if they are carbonate cumulates that contain little trapped carbonatite melt. Strong enrichment of HREE in the carbonatites may require their derivation by small degrees of melting from a garnet-poor source.  相似文献   

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age,geochemistry and Nd-Hf isotope of Neoproterozoic mafic dyke swarms in western Sichuan:Petrogenesis and tectonic significance   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

LIN GuangChun    LI XianHua & LI WuXian Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochronology  Geochemistry  Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Guangzhou  China  Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(1):1-16

Neoproterozoic magmatic rocks are widespread in the western margin of the Yangtze block, and their origin and genesis have significant implications for understanding the evolution of the Rodinia super- continent. However, there are currently two opposing interpretations for their petrogenesis and tectonic setting: mantle plume-related and island arc origin. To further verify these two competing models, SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age determinations and geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic analyses are conducted on the mafic dykes in the Kangdian Rift, western Sichuan. U-Pb dating suggests that these mafic dykes were emplaced at 780―760 Ma, spatially and temporally coeval with the Kangding granitoid complex. The parental magmas of these dykes were derived from a depleted asthenosphere mantle source likely triggered by an anomalously-hot mantle plume. Despite some arc-geochemical features caused by variable degrees of contamination of young island arc crust during magma ascending and emplace- ment, they show general geochemical and Nd-Hf isotopic features similar to those of the intraplate basalts. Our results support the reconstruction model of Rodinia in which the South China block was located between Australia and Laurentia.  相似文献   

Analysis on the noises from continuously monitoring GPS sites     

黄立人  符养 《地震学报(英文版)》2007,20(2):206-211

In this paper,we analyze the time series of site coordinates of 27 continuously monitoring GPS sites covered bythe Crustal Movement Observation Network of China over the whole country.The data are obtained in the periodfrom the beginning of the observation to the November of 2005.On the basis of data processing,we analyze thepower spectrum density of coordinate component noise at each site and calculate the spectral indexes manifestingthe noise property of each component.The spectral indexes indicate that for most sites,the noise of time series ofeach coordinate component can be addressed by the model of white noise flicker noise;and for a small amountof sites,it can be described by the model of white noise flicker noise random walk noise.We also quantita-tively estimate each noise component in the model by using the criterion of maximum likelihood estimation.Theresult shows that the white noise in the time series of GPS site coordinates does not constitute the main part ofnoise.Therefore,the error estimation of site movement parameters is usually too small,or too optimistic if weconsider the white noise only.Correspondingly,if this factor is not fully considered in explaining these movementparameters,it might mislead the readers.  相似文献   

不同标度震级关系和台基影响问题探讨   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

张宏志  刁桂苓  赵明淳  王勤彩  张骁  黄媛 《中国地震》2007,23(2):141-146

利用近年中国数字地震台网观测报告中的中国及邻区地震目录资料,取能够同时计算面波震级MS和近震震级ML的地震,拟合出2种震级之间的关系,发现与过去使用30余年的换算公式存在系统差别。考虑现代化地震数字观测系统有动态范围大、频带宽、台站多、覆盖区域广、测定精度高的特点,由此拟合的关系应当更可靠。考虑不同误差因素统计面波震级MS和近震震级ML的关系表明,2种震级之间换算和不换算的差别并不大,因此建议MS和ML震级之间不换算为宜。分析地震台站的场地响应发现:一些基岩台的放大因子在1附近,场地响应不随频率变化;处于沉积土层的台站,放大因子在低频段大于1,高频段小于1;还有一些台站在某个频段范围大于1,或者小于1。另外,沉积土层台站的单台震级和台网平均震级差也随周期增大,呈现由负到正的增长趋势。看来并不存在固定的台站校正系数,因此不能把台站校正作为提高震级测定精度的方法。  相似文献   

山东胶东半岛地区断裂最新活动性研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5  

黄永华  尤惠川  宋毅盛  郭玉贵  环文林 《震灾防御技术》2007,2(1):39-49

山东胶东半岛地区发育有北北东-北东向和北西西向两组断裂,前者分属蓬莱-栖霞断裂系和即墨-牟平断裂带,为半岛的主体断裂构造;后者分布在半岛北缘及其北侧海域,由多条断裂组成。实地调查表明,断层在第四纪期间是活动的,控制着附近山地和盆地的构造演化与地貌发育,最新活动主要发生在第四纪早期,垂直活动幅度可达百米以上;第四纪晚期,断裂活动性迅速减弱,甚至停止,但依然发现北北东-北东向断裂的多个局部段落还在活动,明显地错断了晚更新世地层,垂直断距最大为10m左右。  相似文献   

Characteristics of landscape information Tupu of the Yellow River swings and its subdeltas during 1855―2000     

Ye QingHua  Chen ShenLiang  Huang Chong  Xue YunChuan  Tian GuoLiang  Chen ShuPeng  Shi YaNan  Liu QingSheng  Liu GaoHuan 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(10):1566-1577

Based on the theories and methods of cartography on spatial pattern and temporal evolution in Geo-information Tupu (Carto-methodology in Geo-information, CMGI) and the quantitative measurements of pattern and process in landscape ecology, the methodology of landscape information Tupu in studying the swing process of the Yellow River (YR) over the Yellow River Delta (YRD) during 1855―2000 has been demonstrated. The main content includes (1) methodology of landscape information Tupu; (2) evolution process Tupu of YR rump channels; (3) evolution process Tupu of the 7 pieces of subdeltas in YRD during 1855―2000; (4) landscape information Tupu of the modern YRD and the current YRD; (5) landscape information Tupu of YR rump channels on the 7 pieces of subdeltas during 1855―2000; and (6) corridor-matrix landscape information Tupu by YR swings. The methodology of landscape information Tupu here is still primary but we hope that it could provide a new tool for exploring an integrated research on spatiotemporal approaches for landscape "pattern and process".  相似文献   

基于网络的煤田地质资料信息管理系统的设计与开发   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

黄佩  曹代勇 《中国煤田地质》2007,19(1):78-80

煤田地质资料是地质信息资源的载体，传统的资料管理模式已不能满足当代数字化和信息化社会的发展需求。利用SqlServer数据库，在ASP．net技术的支持下，借助MapXtreme2004平台，建立了青海省煤田地质资料信息管理系统。该系统采用B／S结构，实现了煤田地质资料的属性和图形的联合查询，以及各种类型的资料在Web浏览器中查阅。  相似文献   

Secondary hydrocarbon generation potential from heavy oil, oil sand and solid bitumen during the artificial maturation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Qu Zhang  Haiping Huang  Lunjun Zheng  Jianzhong Qin 《Organic Geochemistry》2007,38(12):2024-2035

Secondary hydrocarbon generation potentials from natural bitumen, oil sand and heavy oil, representing different residual oil accumulations, were determined by artificial maturation in a closed pyrolysis system. Simulated results indicate that their thermal behavior and reactivity are similar to those of kerogen, and that they can generate hydrocarbons once subjected to suitable geological processes. Overall differences in oil and gas generation potentials among the samples result from differences in the chemical structure of precursor components, physical compaction status, and mineral matrices. Hydrogen rich precursors, such as oil sand and heavy oil, have greater potential to generate hydrocarbons than hydrogen poor ones. Naturally compacted oil sand has slightly higher conversion efficiency than artificially compacted heavy oil as indicated by lower residual bitumen content. However, total gas and liquid oil recovery from oil sand is lower than from heavy oil due to the poor release of pyrolytic products from well compacted and cemented networks in the experiments. Mineral matrices of previous oil deposits also affect further hydrocarbon generation potential. Carbonate matrices inhibit total oil and gas generation, which consequently retains high gas potential at the postmature stage. Traditional oil generation models mainly consider the thermal alteration of kerogen; this study provides supplemental information for superimposed basins where previous oil accumulations may have been destroyed and reburied to serve as secondary sources of oil and gas. Consideration of previous oil residues as potential source rock allows better estimates of available oil resources and the risks associated with their exploration.  相似文献   

基于ArcGIS的人工影响天气综合分析平台          下载免费PDF全文

黄毅梅  陈跃  周毓荃  张蔷  石爱丽 《气象》2007,33(12):116-120

人工影响天气业务涉及大、中、小、微尺度各种资料分析,信息种类繁多,类型复杂,需要一个强大的综合分析平台的支持。文章介绍了基于ArcGIS的人影综合分析平台(WMicaps)的总体设计目标、软件框架、数据标准化、系统数据库、平台主要功能以及主要采用的技术方法等。该平台是针对人工影响天气作业研究设计的系统,主要用于人影综合分析处理、决策指挥、效果评估以及高炮、火箭增雨防雹服务等。  相似文献   

宁波非气象雷达回波的人工智能识别及滤波   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

何彩芬黄旋旋  丁烨毅朱龙彪 《应用气象学报》2007,18(6):856-864

统计分析2003—2006年宁波雷达的非气象杂波, 影响杂波主要为地物杂波, 包括普通地物杂波 (NP杂波) 和异常地物杂波 (AP杂波) ; 并分析这些杂波在反射率因子、径向速度、谱宽产品上不连续的离散状分布等特征。基于以上特征及传统杂波识别的经验而设计出一种近似模拟人眼模糊识别的稳定安全的多维线性近似的杂波识别及其过滤算法, 在 190 个个例测试中大都效果较好, 尤其在 150 km 以内, 能够在确保降水数据完整、准确的基础上有效过滤非气象杂波。  相似文献