High-Temperature Fluid-Rock Interaction and Scapolitization in an Extension-Related Hydrothermal System, Mary Kathleen, Australia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

OLIVER  NICHOLAS H. S.; RAWLING  TIMOTHY J.; CARTWRIGHT  IAN; PEARSON  PAUL J. 《Journal of Petrology》1994,35(6):1455-1491

In the polymetamorphic Mary Kathleen Fold Belt, at the centreof the Proterozoic Mount Isa Inlier, Queensland, an early phaseof extension (1760–1730 Ma) resulted in intrusion of voluminousgranitic and doleritic magmas into the carbonate-evaporite-dominatedCorella Formation at 5–10 km depths. Widespread high-temperaturemetasomatism ensued, involving scapolitization in dolerite,formation of albite-scapolite shear zones in granite, exo- andendoskarn formation, and a zone of K–Na–Ca alterationin the lowermost Corella Formation. Granites and dolerites werealtered to an unusual Na–Ca-rich bulk composition, reflectinghigh-temperature infiltration of highly saline, chemically reactiveexternally derived fluid. The alteration products and theirdistribution suggest not only reaction of magmatic/aqueous fluidswith the country rocks but also extensive halite dissolutionand recirculation of saline fluids back into the intrusive bodies.The bulk of fluid flow occurred at high temperatures (500–700C), and major element and isotopic fronts were generally notsmoothed out by the effects of temperature gradients, with theexception of one part of the system which shows evidence forup-temperature fluid flow. Analysis of oxygen isotopic dataand the position of isotopic and geochemical fronts revealstime-integrated fluid fluxes of up to 2 10⁴ m³/m² for themetasomatism. Although very high salinities (up to 50 mol% NaCl)were attained by evaporite dissolution, ¹⁸O values of most alterationproducts are in the range 7–12%, reflecting a predominanceof oxygen derived from an igneous fluid. The position and interrelationshipsof metasomatic and isotopic fronts indicate an earlier stageof infiltration dominated by fluid released from crystallizinggranite (with ¹⁸O 10–12%), and a later stage (¹⁸O 7–9%)in which fluid had already interacted with halite and a mixedmafic-felsic igneous source or was repeatedly circulated betweenthese rock types during alteration. The data reflect only aminimal contribution from fluids produced by devolatilizationof the abundant carbonate-bearing rocks in the Corella Formation,and there are substantial areas of Corella Formation rocks thathave escaped metasomatism during this phase of intrusion-relatedhydrothermal activity and during the subsequent regional metamorphicoverprint. Along with the requirement that the fluids dissolvedlarge amounts of halite from the same sequence, and the structuralobservations, we favour a model where fluid was preferentiallychannelled along specific permeable conduits, including formerevaporite layers, before interaction with the now exposed alteredrocks. Fluid was probably driven by both convective circulationand dilatancy-related deformation accompanying emplacement ofmagmas into a major crustal extensional dcollement.  相似文献   

MORE DIGITS AND MORE DIVERSITY     

IAN DOWMAN 《The Photogrammetric Record》2002,17(100):573-575

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基于反向射线与顶点退化判断点在多边形内外的算法及应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘德儿  漆文成  兰小机 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

利用射线法判断点在多边形内外的方法简单易用,但是对于交点中含有顶点的情况,使用这种方法将产生奇异性,大大降低判断的准确性。鉴于这种情况,通过对已有的判断点在多边形内外算法的分析与研究,提出了基于反向射线和顶点退化处理相结合判断点在多边形内外的算法,并给出了具体的程序设计以及将该算法推广到了复杂多边形的情况。同时,将该算法应用于某市基础地理信息系统数据预编辑中,结果表明,判断准确率大大提高。  相似文献   

Polar bear predation on ringed seals in the fast-ice of Hornsund, Svalbard   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

IAN GJERTZ  CHRISTIAN LYDERSEN 《Polar research》1986,4(1):65-68

Polar bear hunting success on ringed seals in subnivean lairs and basking on the fast ice, was studied in Hornsund, Svalbard. A few bears were observed while actually hunting, but in most cases bear tracks were followed by snowmobile to determine the outcome of hunts. Seal carcasses were classified from size and tooth annuli as pups, juveniles or adults. A total of 62 subnivean structures were entered by bears, with six seals killed. One of ten charges on basking seals resulted in a kill. Success rates of bears in Hornsund arc compared with results of studies in Canada and Svalbard. OHunting success, polar bear, predation, ringed seal  相似文献   

Loess     

IAN SMALLEY  EDWARD DERBYSHIRE 《Geology Today》1989,5(3):97-99

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Petrology and Geochemistry of Intraplate Basalts in the South Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand: Evidence for Two Coeval Magma Suites from Distinct Sources   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

COOK  CRAIG; BRIGGS  ROGER M.; SMITH  IAN E. M.; MAAS  ROLAND 《Journal of Petrology》2005,46(3):473-503

The South Auckland Volcanic Field is a Pleistocene (1·59–0·51Ma) basaltic intraplate, monogenetic field situated south ofAuckland City, North Island, New Zealand. Two groups of basaltsare distinguished based on mineralogy and geochemical compositions,but no temporal or spatial patterns exist in the distributionof various lava types forming each group within the field: GroupA basalts are silica-undersaturated transitional to quartz-tholeiiticbasalts with relatively low total alkalis (3·0–4·6wt %), Nb (7–29 ppm), and (La/Yb)_N (3·4–7·6);Group B basalts are strongly silica-undersaturated basanitesto nepheline-hawaiites with high total alkalis (3·3–7·9wt %), Nb (32–102 ppm), and (La/Yb)_N (12–47). GroupA has slightly higher ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, similar _Nd, and lower ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pbvalues compared with Group B. Contrasting geochemical trendsand incompatible element ratios (e.g. K/Nb, Zr/Nb, Ce/Pb) areconsistent with separate evolution of Groups A and B from dissimilarparental magmas derived from distinct sub-continental lithosphericmantle sources. Differentiation within each group was controlledby olivine and clinopyroxene fractionation. Group B magmas weregenerated by <8% melting of an ocean island basalt (OIB)-likegarnet peridotite source with high ²³⁸U/²⁰⁴Pb mantle (HIMU)and enriched mantle (EMII) characteristics possibly inheritedfrom recycled oceanic crust. Group A magmas were generated by<12% melting of a spinel peridotite source also with HIMUand EMII signatures. This source type may have resulted fromsubduction-related metasomatism of the sub-continental lithospheremodified by a HIMU plume. These events were associated withMesozoic or earlier subduction- and plume-related magmatismwhen New Zealand was at the eastern margin of the Gondwana supercontinent. KEY WORDS: continental intraplate basalts; geochemistry; HIMU, EMII; Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes; South Auckland; sub-continental lithospheric sources  相似文献   

合成孔径雷达( SAR)及其在地质和地震研究中的应用   总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10  

陈立泽  申旭辉  田勤俭 《地震》2003,23(1):29-35

在遥感技术广泛应用的今天, 合成孔径雷达( SAR)因其具有全天时、全天候成像能力及对地物有一定穿透力等独特的特点, 已成为地学研究的一个重要手段。概述了合成孔径雷达技术的发展状况, 对合成孔径雷达成像机理及特征做了简要介绍, 同时对新兴起的合成孔径雷达干涉测量( IN SAR)技术也做了简单描述, 并就SAR在地质和地震研究中的应用进行了举例说明, 充分肯定了合成孔径雷达技术在地质和地震研究中的重要作用。  相似文献   

温阳解毒方联合隔药灸治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱25例          下载免费PDF全文

田象菊  尹小妹  郭继彩 《应用海洋学学报》2022,38(12):17

目的：探究温阳解毒方联合隔药灸治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱（DNB）阳虚毒郁证的临床疗效。方法：将52 例DNB阳虚毒郁证患者随机分为2组,每组各26 例。对照组予皮下注射胰岛素或口服降糖药控制血糖,治疗组在对照组基础上予温阳解毒方口服及隔药灸治疗,2组均治疗4周。比较2组治疗前和治疗2、4周后膀胱残余尿量（RUV）、中医证候积分和血糖水平［包括空腹血糖（FPG）、葡萄糖负荷后2h血糖（2hPG）］。结果：治疗组脱落1 例,对照组脱落3 例。2组治疗2周后的RUV、中医证候积分、FPG、2hPG及治疗组治疗4周后的RUV、中医证候积分与本组前一时间节点比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）;2组治疗2、4周后RUV、中医证候积分组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05,P<0.01）,但FPG、2hPG组间比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。2组治疗过程中均未出现明显不良反应。结论：温阳解毒方口服联合隔药灸能够有效治疗DNB阳虚毒郁证,可持续减少膀胱残余尿量,缓解临床症状。  相似文献   

Evaluating field-based GIS for environmental characterization,modelling and decision support     

STEVE CARVER  IAN HEYWOOD  SARAH CORNELIUS  DAVID SEAR 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(4):475-486

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the potential of using GIS (Geographical Information Systems) in the field for environmental characterization, modelling and decision support particularly in isolated areas where data collection is difficult. Observations are based on experiences gained during two Anglo-Russian expeditions to the Altai Mountains of south central Siberia aimed at evaluating proposals for a new national park in the Katunsky Ridge area of the Belukha Massif. The use of GIS together with GPS (Global Positioning Systems) for primary data collection and verification/update of existing data is described and the use of field-based systems for on-the-spot environmental modelling and decision support is evaluated.  相似文献   

Sulphur cycling in organic-rich marine sediments from a Scottish fjord   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

SIMON H. BOTTRELL  ROBERT J.G. MORTIMER  IAN M. DAVIES†  S. MARTYN HARVEY‡  MICHAEL D. KROM 《Sedimentology》2009,56(4):1159-1173

In this study, the biogeochemical transformations of sulphur in organic‐rich marine sediments in a Scottish fjord are investigated by a combination of pore water and sediment geochemistry with sulphide diffusive gradient thin‐film probes and sulphate isotopic data (δ³⁴S and δ¹⁸O). Particular attention is paid to sulphur cycling in the upper sediment profile where sulphate reduction occurs but free sulphide is below the detection limits of conventional pore water geochemical analysis but quantifiable by sulphide diffusive gradient thin film. In the uppermost part of the sediment core, δ¹⁸O sulphate decreased from near‐sea water values to +7‰, indicating that anoxic sulphide oxidation dominated during this interval. Sulphate δ³⁴S remained unchanged as there was no net sulphate reduction (i.e. reduction was balanced by re‐oxidation). Below 4 cm depth, there was a slight increase in sulphate δ³⁴S from 20‰ to 23‰ associated with minor accumulation of iron sulphide. The δ¹⁸O of the sulphate also increased, to around +10‰ at 10 cm depth, as a result of the isotopic exchange of sulphate–oxygen with pore water and/or sulphur disproportionation reactions mediated during sulphur cycling. These processes continued to increase the δ¹⁸O of the sulphate to 14‰ at 20 cm depth with no further change in the δ³⁴S of the sulphate. Below 20 cm depth, free sulphide is detectable in pore waters and both the δ³⁴S of the sulphate and sulphide increase with depth with an offset controlled by kinetic fractionation during bacterial sulphate reduction. The δ³⁴S of the sedimentary organic fraction shifted towards lower, more bacteriogenic, values with depth in the profile, without any increase in the size of this sulphur pool. Thus, the organic sulphur fraction was open to interaction with bacteriogenic sulphide without the occurrence of net addition. Therefore, caution should be exercised when using sulphur isotopic compositions to infer simple net addition of bacteriogenic sulphide to the organic sulphur fraction.  相似文献