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排序方式: 共有188条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
JAN A. PIOTROWSKI 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1987,16(3):249-265
The Woodstock drumlin field was formed about 15,000 years ago during the Port Bruce Stadial of the Late Wisconsinan. It consists of three sections, each composed of texturally different till sheets (Tavistock A, B and C Tills) deposited during marginal oscillations of the Huron ice lobe advancing from the Lake Huron depression. A statistically significant relation between till texture and drumlin morphometry has been determined. Features composed of clayey-silt Tavistock A Till are smaller and more elongate than those built up of sandy-silt Tavistock C Till, which reflects a different susceptibility of the drumlin deposits to the moulding action of the glacier. Based on the field data it is suggested that the drumlinizing glacier was temperate all the way up to its margin and basal sliding occurred also at its outermost peripheries. In the drumlin region immediately behind end moraines the shear strength/shear stress ratio was around I and increased progressively in the upstream direction. In the proposed mechanism of drumlin formation the key factor is pore water dissipation (1) through the permeable substratum and (2) into dilatantly expanding granular deposits, both resulting in the necessary increase of the basal till strength. 相似文献
32.
JAN MANGERUD EILIV LARSEN ODDVAR LONGVA EIVIND SØNSTEGAARD 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1979,8(2):179-187
The deglaciation patterns of the Bergen and Nordfjord-Sunnmøre areas in western Norway are described and correlated. In the Bergen area the coast was first deglaciated at 12,600 B.P., with a succeeding re-advance into the North Sea around 12,200 B.P. Later, during the Allerød, the inland ice retreated at least 50 km, but nearly reached the sea again during the Younger Dryas re-advance, ending at 10,000 B.P. Sunnmøre was ice-free during an interstadial 28,000–38,000 B.P. Later the inland ice reached the sea. The final deglaciation is poorly dated in Sunnmøre, while further south in Nordfjord, it started slightly before 12,300 B.P., followed by a major retreat. No large re-advance of the inland ice occurred during the Younger Dryas. However, in the Sunnmøre-Nordfjord area many local glaciers formed outside the inland ice during the Younger Dryas. Limnic sediments outside one such cirque glacier have been cored and dated, proving that the glacier did not exist at 12,300-11,000 B.P., and that it was formed and disappeared in the time interval 11,000–10,000 B.P. (Younger Dryas). The erosion rate of the cirque glacier was 0.9 mm/year. 相似文献
33.
本文分析了重庆市气候特点及其对重庆农业的影响;并在全球气候变暖的大气候背景下,分析了重庆气候的变化趋势,并就气候变化对重庆农业可能造成的影响进行了初步的探讨;提出了重庆农业应对气候变化的适应性战略和技术措施。 相似文献
34.
35.
本文分析了重庆市气候特点及其对重庆农业的影响;并在全球气候变暖的大气候背景下,分析了重庆气候的变化趋势,并就气候变化对重庆农业可能造成的影响进行了初步的探讨;提出了重庆农业应对气候变化的适应性战略和技术措施。 相似文献
36.
37.
Maximum extent of the Eurasian ice sheets in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Weichselian 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JOHN INGE SVENDSEN VALERY I. ASTAKHOV DMITRI YU. BOLSHIYANOV IGOR DEMIDOV JULIAN A. DOWDESWELL VALERY GATAULLIN CHRISTIAN HJORT HANS W. HUBBERTEN EILIV LARSEN JAN MANGERUD MARTIN MELLES PER MÖLLER MATTI SAARNISTO MARTIN J. SIEGERT 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1999,28(1):234-242
Based on field investigations in northern Russia and interpretation of offshore seismic data, we have made a preliminary reconstruction of the maximum ice-sheet extent in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Early/Middle Weichselian and the Late Weichselian. Our investigations indicate that the Barents and Kara ice sheets attained their maximum Weichselian positions in northern Russia prior to 50 000 yr BP, whereas the northeastern flank of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet advanced to a maximum position shortly after 17 000 calendar years ago. During the Late Weichselian (25 000-10 000 yr BP), much of the Russian Arctic remained ice-free. According to our reconstruction, the extent of the ice sheets in the Barents and Kara Sea region during the Late Weichselian glacial maximum was less than half that of the maximum model which, up to now, has been widely used as a boundary condition for testing and refining General Circulation Models (GCMs). Preliminary numerical-modelling experiments predict Late Weichselian ice sheets which are larger than the ice extent implied for the Kara Sea region from dated geological evidence, suggesting very low precipitation. 相似文献
38.
Early Holocene shore-displacement in southern central Sweden as recorded in elevated isolated basins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ANNA HEDENSTRÖM JAN RISBERG 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1999,28(4):490-504
Sediment cores from seven basins in two regions, the SÖdertÖrn peninsula and central Närke in southern central Sweden, were subject to diatom analysis and radiocarbon dating of the isolation events. In the former area, the compiled shore-displacement curve covers the time period from the deglaciation to 5700 BP. The latter area is covered from 8200 to 6500 BP. The chronology is based on combined macrofossil and bulk ages with an acknowledged correction. The most elevated sedimentary basin on the SÖdertÖrn peninsula was isolated at the end of the brackish water phase of the Yoldia Sea. During the Ancylus Lake stage of the Baltic, one minor ingression is recorded in the same area. The end of the Ancylus Lake is dated to c. 8200 BP on the SÖdertÖrn peninsula and to c. 8100 BP in central Närke. There was an interval of c. 1000 14 C years when brackish water prevailed in central eastern Sweden. Mastogloia is a typical diatom genus for that period. The onset of the brackish-marine Litorina Sea is dated to c. 7000 BP in central Närke. The amplitude for the early Litorina Sea transgression (L 1) did not exceed 2 m. L 1 is recorded 2–3 m higher in central Närke compared to the SÖdertÖrn peninsula, i.e. the former area has experienced a more intense isostatic uplift since 6500 BP. 相似文献
39.
GWENAëLE JAN YVES MÉNARD MATHILDE FAILLOT FLORENT LYARD ERIC JEANSOU PASCAL BONNEFOND 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3-4):615-629
Absolute calibration of sea level measurements collected from space-borne radar altimeters is usually performed with respect to collocated sea level in situ records from tide gauges or GPS buoys (Ménard et al. 1994; Haines et al. 1996; Bonnefond et al. 2003; Haines et al. 2003; Schum et al. 2003; Watson et al. 2003; Watson et al. 2004). Such a method allows regular and long-term control of altimetric systems with independent records. However, this approach is based on a single, geographically dependent point. In order to obtain more significant and accurate bias and drift estimates, there is a strong interest in multiplying the number of calibration opportunities. This article describes a method, called the “offshore method” that was developed to extend the single-point approach to a wider regional scale. The principle is to compare altimeter and tide gauge sea level data not only at the point of closest approach of an overflying pass, but also at distant points along adjacent satellite passes. However, connecting sea level satellite measurements with more distant in situ data requires a more accurate determination of the geoid and mean ocean dynamic topography slopes, and also of the ocean dynamical changes. In this demonstration experiment, 10 years of averaged TOPEX/Poseidon mean sea level profiles are used to precisely determine the geoid and the mean ocean circulation slope. The Mog2d barotropic ocean model (Carerre et Lyard 2003) is used to improve our estimate of the ocean dynamics term. The method is first validated with Jason-1 data, off Corsica, where the dedicated calibration site of Senetosa provides independent reference data. The method is then applied to TOPEX/Poseidon on its new orbit and to Geosat Follow On. The results demonstrate that it is feasible to make altimeter calibrations a few tens to hundreds of kilometers away from a dedicated site, as long as accurate mean sea level altimeter profiles can be used to ensure the connection with reference tide gauges. 相似文献
40.
Abstract This paper presents a methodology for the design and optimization of artificial recharge-pumping systems (ARPS). The objective of ARPS is to provide a maximum abstraction rate through artificial recharge, while meeting two operational constraints: (a) the influences of the system operation on groundwater levels should be no more than 25 mm in the vicinity of the system; and (b) the travel time of the infiltrated water from the recharge pond to the pumping wells should be more than 60 days. The combined use of a 3-dimensional generic groundwater simulation model with particle tracking analyses has identified the two best ARPS systems: the circular pond system and the island system. By coupling the simulation model with linear and mixed integer programming optimization, the optimal pumping scheme (number, locations and rates of the pumping wells) has been determined. An unsteady state model has been used to simulate the response of the operation of the two systems under natural seasonal variations. The implementation aspects of the two systems are compared. 相似文献