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21.
Mapping shoreline changes along coastal regions is critically important in monitoring continuously rising sea surface heights due to climate change and frequent severe storms. Thus, it is especially important if the region has very high tidal ranges over very gentle tidal flats, which is a very vulnerable region. Although the various remote sensing platforms can be used to map shoreline changes, the spatial and temporal resolutions are not enough to obtain it for a short time. Accordingly, in this study we introduce the newly developed low altitude Helikite remote sensing platform to achieve much better resolutions of shorelines and a bathymetry. The Helikite stands for Helium balloon and Kite, which is a kind of aerial platform that uses the advantages of both a Helium balloon and a kite. Field experiments were conducted in the Jaebu Island, off the coast of the west Korean Peninsula in January 29, 2011. In order to extract shorelines from the consecutive images taken by the low altitude Helikite remote sensing platform, active contours without edges (ACWE) is used. Edges or boundaries exist primarily on places between one type of objective and the other. Since the hydrodynamic pressure has an effect everywhere, the locations of the waterlines can be the isobath lines. We could map several waterlines, which would enable us to complete a local bathymetry map ranges from 35 to 60 cm depth. The error resulting from applying ACWE algorithm to the imagery to determine the waterline is approximately less than 1 m. Therefore, it is very unique way to obtain such high resolutions of bathymetry with high accuracy for the regions of extremely high tidal ranges for a short time. 相似文献
22.
Spectroscopic analyses have shown that smectites enhanced in the laboratory with additional ferric species exhibit important similarities to those of the soils on Mars. Ferrihydrite in these chemically treated smectites has features in the visible to near-infrared region that resemble the energies and band strengths of features in reflectance spectra observed for several bright regions on Mars. New samples have been prepared with sulfate as well, because S was found by Viking to be a major component in the surface material on Mars. A suite of ferrihydrite-bearing and ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonites, prepared with variable Fe3+ and S concentrations and variable pH conditions, has been analyzed using reflectance spectroscopy in the visible and infrared regions, M?ssbauer spectroscopy at room temperature and 4 K, differential thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction. These analyses support the formation of ferrihydrite of variable crystallinity in the ferrihydrite-bearing montmorillonites and a combination of schwertmannite and ferrihydrite in the ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonites. Small quantities of poorly crystalline or nanophase forms of other ferric materials may also be present in these samples. The chemical formation conditions of the ferrihydrite-bearing and ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonites influence the character of the low temperature M?ssbauer sextets and the visible reflectance spectra. An absorption minimum is observed at 0.88-0.89 micrometers in spectra of the ferric sulfate-bearing samples, and at 0.89-0.92 micrometers in spectra of the ferrihydrate-bearing montmorillonites. M?ssbauer spectra of the ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonites indicate variable concentrations of ferrihydrite and schwertmannite in the interlaminar spaces and along grain surfaces. Dehydration under reduced atmospheric pressure conditions induces a greater effect on the adsorbed and interlayer water in ferrihydrite-bearing montmorillonite than on the water in ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonite. Reflectance spectra of ferric sulfate-bearing montmorillonite include a strong 3-micrometers band that is more resistant to dry atmospheric conditions than the 3-micrometers band in spectra of similarly prepared ferrihydrite-bearing montmorillonites. 相似文献
23.
运用营养学及传统医学理论,采用酶解等技术,提取鳗鱼头之精华,辅于补气益血中药组方,两者相得益彰制成鳗鲡营养液。本研究旨在一方面合理利用鳗鱼头潜在的营养保健功能,做到物尽其用,提高鳗鲡下脚料的经济效益。另一方面,克服传统上人们对鳗鲡的烹调食用方法简单,影响其营养健身功能的发挥之不足,满足老、弱、病人的特殊需要。1 材料与方法1.1 材料1.1.1 原料 鳗鲡(Anguilla)鱼头,厦门龙和烤鳗厂提供。原料一般成分:水分77.4%,灰分4.2%,脂肪7.5%,粗蛋白10.2%。1.1.2 配料 中药、甜味剂等。1.1.3 试剂 枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶As1.398,70… 相似文献
24.
Deposition samples were taken at a height of 2367 m above sea level (m.a.s.l.) on the Island of Tenerife from May 1999 until July 2000 and analysed for 19 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH) and DDTs. This site is located above the inversion layer, so samples represent background concentrations of the free troposphere. The average deposition fluxes of HCB, total HCH, DDTs and PCBs were 86, 400, 110 and 780 ng m(-2) yr(-1), respectively, being lower than those reported at sea level in continental or marine areas. All compounds are generally found in higher abundance in the wet precipitation samples. However, these samples only represent a fraction, e.g. 33%, of the total deposition load. Annual mass balance calculations show that wet precipitation is essentially responsible for the deposition of the low molecular weight OC whereas dry deposition accounts for more than 50% of the higher molecular weight PCBs. 相似文献
25.
地球生物学是生命科学和地球科学两大基础学科交叉而成的学科。拟通过学科门类的知识流动和研究主题的演变了解地球生物学的形成、发展和演化趋势;通过科研团队的分析,提供全球科研团队的科研合作可能性;通过研究前沿和热点分析对科技创新提供参考。研究发现,地球生物学发展早期主要从地球科学学科汲取知识,而发展中后期被其他学科引用较多,存在明显的学术溢出情况,流入学科主要为环境/生态学、植物&动物科学、微生物学、生物&生物化学和分子生物学&遗传学。地球生物学的研究主题变化不明显,天体生物学可能成为未来重点发展方向之一。麻省理工学院和哈佛大学地球生物学组研究方向重合最多,合作也最紧密。 相似文献
26.
在日本西南地区层状燧石层序中，用Ｉｓｈｉｇａ图解研究了Ｐ／Ｔ界线之下的放射虫生产率变化。根据燧石层的厚度变化作图，两个露头上的图显示了地层变化的共性，表明该图是层状燧石层序对比的有效工具。生产率的共性变化还与浅海碳酸盐层序δ＾１３Ｃ偏差变化能完全对比，Ｐ／Ｔ界线之下的层状燧石记录了大洋浅层带曾明显发生过绝灭事件。根据Ｉｓｈｉｇａ图、层状燧石层序的岩性变化和δ＾１３Ｃ曲线，Ｐ／Ｔ集群绝灭被划分为３个 相似文献
27.
对中国川东南地区两个穿越二叠－三叠系（Ｐ／Ｔｒ）界线的关键剖面进行详细的沉积相研究，目的是进一步研究二叠纪末集群绝灭的时限和原因。在碳酸盐台地环境中高分异度的礁相和平底生物群均延续到二叠纪最后一个阶（长兴阶）末期。 相似文献
28.
鳗鲡消化道蛋白酶的初步分离提取及某些性质的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鱼类消化道蛋白酶的分离、提纯及性质研究早在30年代就开始,如今已取得广泛深入的研究成果[1,2].由大型的海水鱼如鲸鱼、鲤鱼、鲨鱼等胃部的幽门垂中提取的蛋白酶,是工业酶制剂的来源之一[3-5].但对小型鱼的消化道蛋白酶的研究,到目前为止,仅局限于鱼类的生长发育、生理生化领域,作为以消化道为主的下脚料的综合利用,提取酶制剂,研究报道不多[6-8].这是由于一方面小型鱼内脏小,杂质多,胃部不明显,肝脏与胰脏的组织连在一起不易分开,在取材方面受到限制;另一方面,我国的水产加工还处于一个较低的水平,机械化程度低,多为手工作业,作为下脚料的内脏,因原料分散,贮藏条件差,其利用价值不高. 相似文献
29.
Performance assessments of repositories for the underground disposal of nuclear fuel and waste include models of ground water flow and transport in the host rocks. Estimates of hydraulic conductivity, K, based on field measurements may require adjustment (upscaling) for use in numerical models, but the choice of upscaling approach can be complicated by the use of nested modeling, large-scale fracture zones, and a high degree of heterogeneity. Four approaches to upscaling K are examined using a reference case based on exhaustive site data and an application of nested modeling to evaluate performance assessment of a waste repository. The upscaling approaches are evaluated for their effects on the flow balance between nested modeling domains and on simple measures of repository performance. Of the upscaling approaches examined in this study, the greatest consistency of boundary flows was achieved using the observed scale dependence for the rock domains, measured values from the large-scale interference test for the conductor domain, and a semivariogram regularization based on the Moye model for packer test interpretation. Making the assumption that large fracture zones are two-dimensional media results in the greatest changes to the median of travel time and improves the flow balance between the nested models. The uncertainty of upscaling methods apparently has a small impact on median performance measures, but a significant impact on the variances and earliest arrival times. 相似文献
30.