Use of quantitative models to design microbial transport experiments in a sandy aquifer     

Scheibe TD  Chien YJ  Radtke JS 《Ground water》2001,39(2):210-222

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地质雷达在工程,环境管理和地质学方面的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mell.  JS 陈王堂 《地震科技情报》1996,(8):10-16

穿透和穿入坚固材料内部的无损技术性能在那些可能需要损害性或破坏性方法进行研究的不同领域有着重要的应用，使用取心或钻探方法探测混凝土，土壤和岩可以提供有关地下特征的详细信息，但是只在距测试孔很近外才有效，地质雷达能够提供有关地下特征的连续的高分辨度剖面，因而可确定不同规模的目标和层位的位置，地质雷达技术在建筑，工程，环境管理以及矿产勘探等各种领域得到应用。  相似文献   

1991年海洋地质和地球物理研究进展     

麦克.  JS 《国土资源信息化》1992,(9):35-36

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Is the invasion of the common reed,Phragmites australis,into tidal marshes of the eastern US an ecological disaster?     

Weis JS  Weis P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2003,46(7):816-820

Studies of effects of the invasive brackish marsh plant Phragmites australis (common reed) on estuarine biota are reviewed. With few exceptions, most field studies indicate that these P. australis-dominated marshes have diverse and abundant benthic biota, and are utilized by nekton, comparable to Spartina alterniflora marshes. However, larval mummichogs, Fundulus heteroclitus, appear to be reduced in P. australis marshes compared with S. alterniflora marshes. Small epifauna living on plant stems also appear to be denser on S. alterniflora than P. australis stems. Other studies indicate that the detritus produced by decaying P. australis litter provides food value comparable to that of S. alterniflora and that its production enters estuarine food webs. Therefore, the general assumption that these marshes are ecologically "useless" is untrue. This information should be considered by marsh managers when making decisions about restoration projects.  相似文献   

Contaminant concentrations in sport fish from San Francisco Bay, 1997     

Davis JA  May MD  Greenfield BK  Fairey R  Roberts C  Ichikawa G  Stoelting MS  Becker JS  Tjeerdema RS 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(10):1117-1129

In 1997, seven sport fish species were sampled from seven popular fishing areas in San Francisco Bay. Mercury exceeded a human health screening value in 44 of 84 (52%) samples. All collected samples of leopard shark and striped bass exceeded the mercury screening value of 0.23 microg/g wet weight. PCBs exceeded the screening value in 51 of 72 (71%) samples. DDT, chlordane, and dieldrin, had lower numbers of samples above screening values: 16 of 72 (22%) for DDT, 11 of 72 (15%) for chlordanes, and 27 of 72 (37%) for dieldrin. Concentrations of PCBs and other trace organics were highest in white croaker and shiner surfperch, the two species with the highest fat content in their muscle tissue. Fish from one location, Oakland Harbor, had significantly elevated wet weight concentrations of mercury, PCBs, DDTs, and chlordanes compared to other locations. Removal of skin from white croaker fillets reduced lipid concentrations by 27-49% and concentrations of trace organics by 33-40%.  相似文献   

Mercury uptake by the estuarine species Palaemonetes pugio and Fundulus heteroclitus compared with their parasites,Probopyrus pandalicola and Eustrongylides sp     

Bergey L  Weis JS  Weis P 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(10):1046-1050

When exposed to methylmercury in the laboratory, grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, parasitized by the isopod Probopyrus pandalicola, accumulated lower concentrations of mercury than their unparasitized counterparts. The parasitic isopod accumulated far less mercury than the grass shrimp. When exposed to mercury in a contaminated field site, mummichogs, Fundulus heteroclitus, parasitized with the nematode Eustrongylides, similarly accumulated lower concentrations of mercury than unparasitized fish, and the parasite similarly accumulated less than the host. The lower uptake by the parasites compared to their hosts is counter to the general view of biomagnification of methylmercury, since parasites are a trophic level above their hosts. The mechanism whereby parasitized animals accumulate less toxicant than unparasitized ones is unknown, but may be partially due to lower metabolic rate.  相似文献   

地面自动气象观测设备运行状态信息检测技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李雁  周青  李峰  周薇  徐鸣一  梁海河 《气象科技》2015,43(6):1030-1039

地面自动气象观测设备运行状态检测机制不足一直是困扰我国地面气象观测运行保障工作的一大难题。本研究从运行监控实际业务需求角度出发,在梳理现有业务运行地面自动气象观测设备结构基础上,结合部分研究成果,从数据采集模块、气压观测模块、温湿度观测模块、风观测模块、地温观测模块、雨量观测模块、供电系统模块、软件模块、能见度观测模块和称重降水观测模块共10个方面逐一细化了每一主要部件的状态检测点,并对其进行了分类和编码,同时参考现行业务运行设备长Z数据报文,制定了地面自动气象观测设备运行状态报文规范,最终研制了地面自动气象观测设备运行状态信息检测技术。通过统一规范、标准,研究结果可解决目前我国地面自动气象观测设备监控信息设计规范缺失的问题,可缓解当前厂家多、型号杂、设备不统一的不利局面,有利于推进地面自动气象观测设备运行监控技术规范化建设工作。  相似文献   

北京“6.23”局地强对流天气的雷达产品特征分析     

李峰  周薇  张乐坚  谌芸 《干旱气象》2014,(4)

利用北京逐时降水资料以及雷达组网产品、RPG衍生的风暴跟踪产品和Cell Trend产品,针对北京"6.23"雨强大、局地性明显的暴雨过程进行较为细致的诊断分析。结果表明,雷达监测产品较好地反映出此次过程是由大量中小尺度涡旋构成的对流性系统暴雨,中尺度特征显著。雷达组网产品较好地捕捉了整体降雨系统的演变过程,单站雷达组合反射率、多仰角基本反射率和径向速度揭示了该暴雨系统的多个对流单体结构和更替变化,其剖面刻画了局地对流降雨系统的典型回波特征,伴随强降雨出现了明显的后向干冷空气侵入弱回波区、前向回波悬垂和穹窿,以及倾斜式的低层辐合、高层辐散结构特征。RPG衍生的风暴跟踪产品和Cell Trend产品很好地监测出暴雨过程中小尺度系统的活动信息。其中,中小尺度涡旋的回波顶高和底高、最大回波高度的变化揭示了造成局地降水的对流单体发生发展过程中的强度、结构、内部气流运动变化特征和雨滴活动;液态水含量以及冰雹概率在整个降水过程中一直处于极大值,表明了该系统的强度与降雨雨量、雨强一致。  相似文献   

cDNA cloning and expression of a cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) gene from the hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus     

Lee YM  Williams TD  Jung SO  Lee JS 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):769-775

We previously described the genomic structure of the cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) gene from the hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus [Kim, I.-C., Kim, Y.J., Yoon, Y.-D, Kawamura, S., Lee, Y.-S., Lee, J.-S., 2004a. Cloning of cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) genes from the hermaphroditic fish Rivulus marmoratus and the Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes. Mar. Environ. Res. 58, 125–129]. To further characterize R. marmoratus CYP1A, we cloned the cDNA sequence of a CYP1A gene from this species and also expressed its recombinant protein in an E. coli system. We exposed R. marmoratus to 4-nonylphenol, and found a small induction of CYP1A mRNA in the treated animals. In this paper, we discuss the characteristics of R. marmoratus CYP1A gene as well as its potential use in a biomonitoring assay.  相似文献   

Constraints on spatial variability in soft-sediment communities affected by contamination from an Antarctic waste disposal site   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stark JS  Snape I  Riddle MJ  Stark SC 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,50(3):276-290

A small-scale (<500 m length) transect-based survey was conducted in December 1998 to examine the spatial distribution of soft-sediment communities and of concentrations of heavy metals and hydrocarbons in sediments in Brown Bay, adjacent to an abandoned waste dump, at Casey Station, Antarctica. Samples were taken along three transects at increasing distances (nine stations) from the shore-line waste dump. A gradient of contamination was detected, but concentrations of contaminants were very variable with "hotspots" or high levels of contaminants at some stations. Multivariate analysis revealed that the distribution of soft-sediment communities was distinctly different between the inner, middle and outer stations. Abundances of most taxa were very variable with few patterns apparent, but some fauna displayed an abundance gradient from the inner to the outer part of the bay. Many taxa had maximum abundances at outer stations and minimum at inner stations. Multivariate correlations between environmental variables and soft-sediment communities indicated that combinations of some metals (Cd, Cu, Sn, Pb) and grain size (mainly finer fractions, fine sands and coarse silts) were the variables that best "matched" the community patterns within Brown Bay. This study indicated that there were significant correlations between the presence of contaminants and the distribution and composition of soft-sediment communities over very small spatial scales.  相似文献