排序方式： 共有28条查询结果，搜索用时 156 毫秒
11.
PARK Mirye PARK So Yun HWANG Jinik JUNG Seung Won LEE Juyun CHANG Man LEE Taek-Kyun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,(5)
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that function as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Some species of microalgae undergo rapid growth and cause harmful blooms in marine ecosystems. Heterocapsa triquetra is one of the most common bloom-forming species in estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. Although this species does not produce toxins, unlike some other Heterocapsa species, the high density of its blooms can cause significant ecological damage. We developed a H. triquetra species-specific nuclease protection assay sandwich hybridization(NPA-SH) probe that targets the large subunit of ribosomal RNA(LSU r RNA). We tested probe specificity and sensitivity with five other dinoflagellates that also cause red tides. Our assay detected H.triquetra at a concentration of 1.5×104 cells/m L, more sensitive than required for a red-tide guidance warning by the Korea Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2015(3.0×104 cells/m L). We also used the NPA-SH assay to monitor H. triquetra in the Tongyeong region of the southern sea area of Korea during 2014. This method could detect H.triquetra cells within 3 h. Our assay is useful for monitoring H. triquetra under field conditions. 相似文献
12.
Jiping LIU David BROMWICH Dake CHEN Raul CORDERO Thomas JUNG Marilyn RAPHAEL John TURNER Qinghua YANG 《大气科学进展》2020,37(5):421-422
The Antarctic,including the continent of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean,is a critically important part of the Earth system.Research in Antarctic meteorology and climate has always been a challenging endeavor.Studying and predicting weather patterns in the Antarctic are important for understanding their role in local-to-global processes and facilitating field studies and logistical operations in the Antarctic(e.g.,Walsh et al.,2018).Studies of climate change in the Antarctic are comparatively neglected compared to those of the Arctic.However,significant climate changes have occurred in the Antarctic in the past several decades,i.e.,a strong warming over the Antarctic Peninsula even with a recent minor cooling,a deepening of the Amundsen Sea low,a rapid warming of the upper ocean north of the circumpolar current,an increase of Antarctic sea ice since the late 1970s followed by a recent rapid decrease,and an accelerated ice loss from the Antarctic ice shelf/sheet since the late 1970s(e.g.,Turner et al.,2005;Raphael et al.,2016;Sallée,2018;Parkinson,2019;Rignot et al.,2019).Investigating recent climate change in the Antarctic and the underlying mechanisms are important for predicting future climate change and providing information to policymakers. 相似文献
13.
The 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake's influence on the Asian plates and Korean geodetic network 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 本研究分析了2011年3月11日发生的Mw9.0日本东北地区太平洋近海地震对亚洲地区和韩国国内GPS卫星常年跟踪站的位移影响.为此,利用了日本东北地区太平洋近海地震发生前后两周(2011年3月4日到3月18日)的GPS站点数据,包括震中附近地区(韩国,中国,中国台湾地区,日本和俄罗斯)55个GPS卫星常年跟踪站和284个IGS全球跟踪站,并采用GAMIT/GL,OBK软件进行处理和平差,估算出所有GPS站点的同震形变.结果显示,日本东北地区太平洋近海地震引起的同震形变影响在亚洲地区比较明显,包括日本和附近国家,距离震中2702 km的中国武汉(WUHN)站也观测到同震形变.为精确分析日本东北地区太平洋近海地震对韩国国家大地控制网的影响.通过GAMIT/GLLOBK软件计算出韩国GPS卫星常年跟踪站之间的基线长度变形,并分析出弹性变形量.结果表明:大部分GPS站点均向震中方向膨胀,且向震中的垂直方向收缩,由日本东北地区太平洋近海地震导致的最大剪应变达到韩国国家大地控制网年均变形率的约7倍,对韩国的地壳产生14.5～57.7 mm的水平位移,并导致韩国国家大地控制网产生弹性变形,因此,在不及时更新维护韩国国家大地控制网的情况下,GPS测量成果将会发生最大20 mm的位置误差. 相似文献
14.
Harmful algal blooms(HABs),caused by the overgrowth of certain phytoplankton species,have negative effects on marine environments and coastal fisheries.In addition to cell-counting methods using phytoplankton nets,a hydroacoustic technique based on acoustic backscattering has been proposed for the detection of phytoplankton blooms.However,little is known of the acoustic properties of HAB species.In this study,as essential data to support this technique,we measured the acoustic properties of two HAB species,Akashiwo sanguinea and Alexandrium affine,which occur in the South Sea off the coast of Korea.Due to the small size of the target,we used ultrasound for the measurements.Experiments were conducted under laboratory and field conditions.In the laboratory experiment,the acoustic signal received from each species was directly proportional to the cell abundance.We derived a relationship between the cell abundance and acoustic signal received for each species.The measured signals were compared to predictions of a fluid sphere scattering model.When A.sanguinea blooms appeared at an abundance greater than 3 500 cells/mL,the acoustic signals varied with cell abundance,showing a good correlation.These results confirm that acoustic measurements can be used to detect HAB species. 相似文献
15.
Precipitable Water (PW) derived from Global Positioning System (GPS)
measurements and numerical weather prediction (NWP) model analysis data were
compared to further evaluate the efficacy of applying GPS-derived PW to the
NWP model. The spatial and temporal variations of GPS-derived PW during a
rainfall event were also examined.
GPS-derived PW measurements show good agreement with the behavior of water
vapor at a high spatial resolution during the analysis period. Temporal
anomalies of GPS-derived PW moving along with the front are successfully
detected by the GPS array. Large positive anomalies of GPS-derived PW are
indicated immediately before a rainfall event, and the intensity of these
positive anomalies do not seem to decrease significantly as the
precipitation system passes. These results indicate that the Korean GPS
network may have great potential as a PW sensor over the Korean Peninsula.
In contrast with GPS-derived PW, NWP-derived PW shows negative biases. These
biases appear to stem mainly from the differences between modeled and actual
GPS site elevations, as GPS sites were generally located at elevations lower
than those employed by the NWP model. However, there still exists a
discernable dry bias after a PW correction is applied to NWP-derived PW.
GPS-derived PW better reflects the spatial and temporal moisture variations
of precipitation systems, as compared to NWP-derived PW. These results
provide entirely new information for improving the regional NWP system,
since GPS-derived PW produced with data from the Korean GPS network may be
incorporated into the NWP model to improve rainfall forecasts. 相似文献
16.
基于等效弹性球模型,由分析P波波谱的斜率和低频成分,测定了海城地震（M=7.3）前后,震源及其邻近地区内微震震源参数（地震矩、应力降和震源尺度）,以及相应路径上的介质品质因子-Q值。 结果表明:（1）海城地震前,发生在震源区内及沿北东向断裂带上的震级相近的小地震,其应力降高于震后相应地区小震的应力降,与此相应,震源尺度则震前比震后要小。（2）震前沿北东向断裂带应变能积累的范围大于余震分布区域,显示出北东向的构造运动在海城地震孕育过程中起了重要作用。（3）震前,海城地震震源区周围介质强度较高,Q值分布比较均匀,约为500-600;震后,在震中西南方向上Q值明显减小,约为180。 文中还初步提出了分析小震群震源参数,结合区域地质构造的特征,以及其他前兆现象预报未来大地震的可能性。 相似文献
17.
Guifu ZHANG Vivek N.MAHALE Bryan J.PUTNAM Youcun QI Qing CAO ANDrew D.BYRD Petar BUKOVCIC Dusan S.ZRNIC Jidong GAO Ming XUE Youngsun JUNG Heather D.REEVES Pamela L.HEINSELMAN AlexANDer RYZHKOV Robert D.PALMER Pengfei ZHANG Mark WEBER Greg M.MCFARQUHAR Berrien MOORE III Yan ZHANG Jian ZHANG J.VIVEKANANDAN Yasser AL-RASHID Richard L.ICE Daniel S.BERKOWITZ Chong-chi TONG Caleb FULTON Richard J.DOVIAK 《大气科学进展》2019,36(6):571-588
After decades of research and development, the WSR-88 D(NEXRAD) network in the United States was upgraded with dual-polarization capability, providing polarimetric radar data(PRD) that have the potential to improve weather observations,quantification, forecasting, and warnings. The weather radar networks in China and other countries are also being upgraded with dual-polarization capability. Now, with radar polarimetry technology having matured, and PRD available both nationally and globally, it is important to understand the current status and future challenges and opportunities. The potential impact of PRD has been limited by their oftentimes subjective and empirical use. More importantly, the community has not begun to regularly derive from PRD the state parameters, such as water mixing ratios and number concentrations, used in numerical weather prediction(NWP) models.In this review, we summarize the current status of weather radar polarimetry, discuss the issues and limitations of PRD usage, and explore potential approaches to more efficiently use PRD for quantitative precipitation estimation and forecasting based on statistical retrieval with physical constraints where prior information is used and observation error is included. This approach aligns the observation-based retrievals favored by the radar meteorology community with the model-based analysis of the NWP community. We also examine the challenges and opportunities of polarimetric phased array radar research and development for future weather observation. 相似文献
18.
A thermohaline front is located at the southeastern entrance of the Yellow Sea in winter, and it is generated by the intrusion of warm saline water into the Yellow Sea caused by a strong northerly wind. Recently, a westward transversal current traveling away from the west coast of Korea toward the open sea area along the front was reported. The westward transversal current is dominant in the surface layer during the temperature inversion period. The formation and structure of this current are examined using a numerical vertical ocean-slice model. When two different water masses meet, a front is formed and adjusted geostrophically. In this frontal zone, a horizontal pressure gradient flow by the vertically inclined isopycnal occurs under the thermal wind process in a baroclinic effect, and the cold fresh coastal water moves westward along the front in the upper layer. The barotropic effect across the front and the bottom friction effect strengthen the westward component of the velocity. The velocity of the bottom layer decreases remarkably in the increase of the bottom drag coefficient. This means that the bottom friction with the strong background tidal current causes a reduction in the current in the bottom layer. 相似文献
19.
In this study, the correlation between simulated and measured radar velocity spectrum width(σv) is investigated. The results show that the dendrites growth zones(DGZs) and needles growth zones(NGZs) mostly contain dendrites(DN) and needles(NE), respectively.Clear σv zones(1.1 < σv(m s–1) < 1.3 and 0.3 < σv(m s–1) < 0.7 for the DGZ and NGZ, respectively) could be identified in the case studies(27 and 28 February 2016) n... 相似文献
20.
Marcus JOHNSON Youngsun JUNG Daniel DAWSON Timothy SUPINIE Ming XUE Jongsook PARK Yong-Hee LEE 《大气科学进展》2018,35(7):771-784
The UK Met Office Unified Model(UM) is employed by many weather forecasting agencies around the globe. This model is designed to run across spatial and time scales and known to produce skillful predictions for large-scale weather systems. However, the model has only recently begun running operationally at horizontal grid spacings of ～1.5 km [e.g.,at the UK Met Office and the Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA)]. As its microphysics scheme was originally designed and tuned for large-scale precipitation systems, we investigate the performance of UM microphysics to determine potential inherent biases or weaknesses. Two rainfall cases from the KMA forecasting system are considered in this study: a Changma(quasi-stationary) front, and Typhoon Sanba(2012). The UM output is compared to polarimetric radar observations in terms of simulated polarimetric radar variables. Results show that the UM generally underpredicts median reflectivity in stratiform rain, producing high reflectivity cores and precipitation gaps between them. This is partially due to the diagnostic rain intercept parameter formulation used in the one-moment microphysics scheme. Model drop size is generally both underand overpredicted compared to observations. UM frozen hydrometeors favor generic ice(crystals and snow) rather than graupel, which is reasonable for Changma and typhoon cases. The model performed best with the typhoon case in terms of simulated precipitation coverage. 相似文献