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11.
Fethi Lachaal Ammar Mlayah Makram Anane Mourad Bédir Jamila Tarhouni Christian Leduc 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(7):2655-2671
In arid and semi-arid regions, the groundwater overexploitation caused drawdown in piezometric levels and a degradation of chemical water quality. That is why the groundwater monitoring needs a good comprehension of the hydrogeological aquifer properties. This is specially the case of Zéramdine–Béni Hassen deep aquifer (east-central Tunisia). Seismic profiles interpretation highlights the existence of the Zéramdine fault corridor, the Boumerdès anticline, the Moknine and Mahdia grabens that represent lateral boundaries for the study aquifer. The outcrop of the aquifer is located in the Zéramdine, Béni Hassen and Ain Ben Jannet regions, where two lithostratigraphic sections were realized. The piezometric study shows that the principal groundwater flow is from west to east. A secondary flow is from NW to SE. The hydrochemical study of 22 sample shows that the aquifer is characterized by freshwater, dominated by Na–Ca–Cl–SO4 facies. The salinity increase is from the west to the east, which coincides with the principal water flow direction. The integration of all results deduced from the hydrogeophysic, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical studies is developed to investigate hydrological processes of Zéramdine–Béni Hassen aquifer and consequently to propose a conceptual model, which will help to propose a rescue plan for the studied aquifer and to implement a spatial hydrogeological database using the global information system and then to characterize the complex aquifer system. 相似文献
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Abstract The Korba aquifer, located in the north of Tunisia, suffers heavily from salinization due to seawater intrusion. In 2000, the aquifer was exploited from more than 9000 wells. The problem is that no precise information was recorded concerning the current extraction rates, their spatial distribution, or their evolution in time. In this study, a geostatistical model of the exploitation rates was constructed based on a multi-linear regression model combining incomplete direct data and exhaustive secondary information. The impacts of the uncertainty on the spatial distribution of the pumping rates on seawater intrusion were evaluated using a 3-D density-dependent groundwater model. To circumvent the large amount of computing time required to run transient models, the simulations were run in a parallel fashion on the Grid infrastructure provided by the Enabling Grid for E-Science in Europe project. Monte Carlo simulations results showed that 8.3% of the aquifer area is affected by input uncertainty. Citation Kerrou, J., Renard, P., Lecca, G. & Tarhouni, J. (2010) Grid-enabled Monte Carlo analysis of the impacts of uncertain discharge rates on seawater intrusion in the Korba aquifer (Tunisia). Hydrol. Sci. J. 55(8), 1325–1336. 相似文献
13.
We develop, in this paper, an analytical approach of continuous medium type which improves the theory of Janssen and other existing approaches of the same type. This approach allows to calculate the stresses in any point of the ensiled granular medium and to represent as well qualitatively as quantitatively the stress saturation effect. The influence of the friction angles is studied. 相似文献
14.
Mohamed Fethi Ben Hamouda Jamila Tarhouni Christian Leduc Kamel Zouari 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(5):889-901
As in many other semi-arid regions, the Plio-quaternary aquifer of the eastern coast of Cap Bon peninsula (NE Tunisia) shows
a parallel increase in overexploitation and mineralization of groundwater resources and so the water quality is deteriorating.
Different methods using geochemistry (ions Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Br−) and stable isotopes (18O, 2H) are compared with the hydrodynamic information for identifying the main processes involved in the increase of salinization.
Along the coast, intrusion of seawater resulting from groundwater overexploitation is identified, but is not the only cause
of qualitative degradation: the development of irrigation that induces soil leaching and transfer of fertilizers to groundwater
over the whole aquifer extent is another major reason for the increase in salinization. A total of 48 groundwater wells were
sampled to obtain additional information on the hydrochemical characteristics of the groundwater defined in previous studies. 相似文献
15.
The observed aeromagnetic anomaly map of Southern High Plateaus provides general information about the magnetization variations that are associated with subsurface magnetic sources, but it does not bring clear information about all geological elements of the study area. In this work, we attempt, by analyzing these aeromagnetic data, to determine structures of Paleozoic basement that may indicate the presence of major deep-seated structures in this area. To better understand and outline the basement geological structures, two approaches have been performed. Such analysis includes application of a low-pass filtering and spectral analysis, which permits an enhanced visual interpretation of the magnetization sources and leads to a better knowledge of the geological structures especially basins or intrusive bodies. The results obtained show magnetic anomalies indicating geological features trending NE–SW. They also reveal two depths of magnetic sources in the area. The deeper sources range from 1074 to 4057 m and reflect the Paleozoic basement. However, the shallower sources range from 153 and 596 m reflecting magnetic sources shallower than the basement. The outcomes of this study suggest a new structure and will contribute to better understand the characteristics and organization of the basin as well as the improvement of the geological map of the area for hydrocarbon exploration. 相似文献
16.
A multi-method geophysical survey, using time-domain electromagnetic (TDEM) fields, is conducted on the north-eastern coastal aquifer of Cap Bon, Tunisia. The aim of the study is to investigate the inland extent saltwater intrusion, to estimate the fresh-saltwater transition zone, and to characterize the lithologic spatial variability of the underground layers. Moreover, the TDEM is used to determine both fluid resistivity and bulk resistivity which are required to calculate the porosity by applying the Archie’s equation. The survey of TDEM profiles is carried out along the left and right overbanks of the Lebna river from the coast until the Lebna dam. The interpretation and the analysis of these profiles allow us to better identify the flux exchanges between the river and the underlying aquifer. On the basis of the 1D and 2D longitudinal and transversal resistivity profiles as well as the existing boreholes data and groundwater quality, it seems that the freshwater-saltwater interface is moving forward inland. Furthermore, electromagnetic results combined to the Archie’s law show that the porosity values are at the ranges of 12–36 and 5–31% for the Quaternary outcropping and Pliocene formation, respectively. 相似文献
17.
Status of the Korba groundwater resources (Tunisia): observations and three-dimensional modelling of seawater intrusion 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Korba aquifer is located in the east of the Cape Bon peninsula in Tunisia. A large groundwater depression has been created in the central part of the aquifer since the 1980s, due to intense groundwater pumping for irrigation. The data collected show that the situation continues to deteriorate. Consequently, seawater is continuing to invade a large part of the aquifer. To better understand the situation and try to forecast its evolution, a three-dimensional (3D) transient density-dependent groundwater model has been developed. The model building process was difficult because of data required on groundwater discharge from thousands of unmonitored private wells. To circumvent that difficulty, indirect exhaustive information including remote sensing data and the physical parameters of the aquifer have been used in a multi-linear regression framework. The resulting 3D model shows that the aquifer is over-exploited. It also shows that after 50 years of exploitation, the time needed to turn back to the natural situation would be about 150 years if the authorities would ban all exploitation now. Such an asymmetry in the time scales required to contaminate or remediate an aquifer is an important characteristic of coastal aquifers that must be taken into account in their management. 相似文献
18.
Hamza Jerbi Sylvain Massuel Christian Leduc Jamila Tarhouni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(10):236
The aquifer of the semi-arid Kairouan plain has been exploited for decades to supply the growing irrigated agriculture and the need of drinking water. In parallel, the major hydraulic works drastically changed the natural groundwater recharge processes. The continuous groundwater level drop observed since the 1970s naturally raises the question of groundwater storage sustainability. To date, hydrogeological studies focused on groundwater fluxes, but the total amount of groundwater stored in the aquifer system has never been fully estimated. This is the purpose of the present paper. A complete database of all available geological, hydrogeological and geophysical data was created to build a 3D lithology model. Then, the lithological units were combined with the hydraulic properties to estimate the groundwater storage. Over the 700 km2 of the modelled area, the estimated storage in 2013 was around 18?×?109 m3 (equivalent to 80 times the annual consumption of 2010) with a highly variable spatial distribution. In 45 years (1968–2013), 12% of the amount of groundwater stored in the aquifer has been depleted. According to these results, individual farms will face strong regional disparities for their access to groundwater in the near future. 相似文献
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20.
Fethi Lachaal Hakim Gabtni Mourad Bédir Jamila Tarhouni 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(6):1391-1398
In the Jemmel?CZéramdine region, the combined analysis of petroleum well data, seismic reflection profiles, and gravity data show the presence of the Zéramdine fault corridor, which was activated in the Neogene period. Both tectonic activity and fluvio-deltaic sedimentation are the origin of the lithologic and hydrodynamic heterogeneities. Thus, the Zéramdine fault corridor constitutes a limit between two hydraulic systems formed by Miocene sandy reservoir layers. These reservoirs have not been exploited yet and could be new water resources which can extremely benefit the region; only the upper one is exploited in the Jemmel?CBembla and Zéramdine?CBéni Hassen deep aquifers. The wire line logging, seismic reflection, and gravity interpretations show the distribution of the Miocene layers which formed the Sahel Miocene deep aquifers. The Zéramdine fault corridor leads to a spatial variability in number, distribution, depths, and thicknesses of these reservoir layers. In the northern part of the Zéramdine fault corridor, seven layers were highlighted; their thicknesses range between 15 and 105?m. However, in the southern part, only four strata were deposited: their thicknesses vary between 45 and 53?m. The total porosity of the studied aquifers is about 30%. 相似文献