Physical properties and the chemical composition of sphalerites from Yugoslavia     

S. Grafenauer  B. Gorenc  V. Marinković  D. Strmole  Z. Maksimović 《Mineralium Deposita》1969,4(3):275-282

Chemical and spectral analyses are given for 16 sphalerites from Yugoslavia. Since they were formed under various conditions the content of Fe and other metals (Mn and Cd especially) varies widely. The relation between the dimensions of elementary cell and the molar percent of FeS in the sphalerites of Yugoslavia shows only slight differences from Vegard's rule. The indices of refraction and reflectivity as well as dispersion for the wavelengths 440, 460, 480, 500, 540, 580, 620, and 660 nm were measured. For the wavelengths mentioned, diagrams are given showing the relation between reflectivity and microhardness of sphalerite and its chemical composition.

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Zusammenfassung Für 16 jugoslawische Zinkblenden wurde die chemische Zusammensetzung und spektralanalytisch der Gehalt an Spurenelementen ermittelt. Da die Zinkblenden unter sehr verschiedenen Bedingungen entstanden, schwankt ihr Gehalt an Fe und anderen Metallen, besonders Mn und Cd stark. Die Verhältnisse zwischen der Größe der Elementarzelle und den Molprozenten von FeS zeigen nur geringe Abweichungen von der Vegard-Regel. Für die Wellenlängen 440, 460, 480, 500, 540, 580, 620 und 660 nm wurden Refraktionsindices, Absorptionskoeffizient und Reflexionsvermögen ermittelt. Die Beziehungen zwischen Reflexionsvermögen, Mikrohärte und chemischer Zusammensetzung werden in Diagrammen dargestellt.

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Macroseismic practice in Slovenia     

Ina Cecić 《Natural Hazards》1994,10(1-2):59-64

In 1986, a project was started concerning the improvement of macroseismic data management in Slovenia. It was decided to establish a network of collaborators all over Slovenia (20 251 km², approx. 2 million inhabitants), dense enough to allow the use of the MSK scale. Since the uniform spatial distribution with desired density of collaborators is hard to achieve, several methods are being used to obtain new collaborators. At present we have approximately 4100 collaborators in our computer supported database.When an earthquake is felt in Slovenia, the seismologist decides to what areas the questionnaires are to be sent. The prospective observers can be chosen by two criteria: density and quality marks. The density mark allows us to choose a number of observers in the same town or village, based mostly on the quality of answers and demographic conditions. The quality mark is computed, combined with the previous marks, and updated every time a completed questionnaire is returned.The average number of shocks for which the questionnaires are being sent is about 25 per year during the normal seismic activity. The average number of questionnaires is approximately 300 per event. The percentage of the returned questionnaires is above 66%. A user-friendly, interactive program has been developed to manage the database with information about collaborators, to select an area, density and quality threshold of inquiry, and to print addresses onto questionnaires.  相似文献   

Calculation of initial temperature from interpolated pressure gradient force inσ coordinate models     

Dr. D. T. Mihafović 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1981,30(3):239-251

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Analysis of underground room geometry on the basis of secondary stresses for different ratios of horizontal and vertical pressure — Tušanj salt mine     

M. Stević  I. Jašarević 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》1977,9(2-3):145-172

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Toxicological effects of biocide Slimicide C-30 on some marine invertebrates     

Č. Lucu  J. Pavičić  M. Skreblin  M. Mastrović 《Marine pollution bulletin》1980,11(10):294-296

Sublethal and lethal effects of biocide Slimicide C-30 on the developmental stages of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis and juvenile and adult mysid Leptomysis mediterranea were studied.Biocide at a concentration as low as 0.02 mg l^?1 caused an incipient effect in the embryonic development of mussels where a decreased number of normally developed larvae from eggs was evident. Slimicide C-30 effective concentration (EC 50/96) was 0.07 mg l^?1.In the mysids, the median lethal concentration (96 h LC₅₀) was 0.11 mg l^?1.Previous incubation of Slimicide C-30 at 38°C affected a small delay in mortality time (LT₅₀) but did not cause marked change in the acute toxicity to mysids.  相似文献   

On the mean meridional circulation in the planetary boundary laye during the winter season in the Northern Hemisphere     

M. Ćurić 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》1978,27(3-4):257-264

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Alpine-type gabbros within the Krivaja-Konjuh ultramafic massif in the ophiolite zone of the Dinarides,Yugoslavia     

Dr. J. J. Pamić 《Mineralogy and Petrology》1974,21(3-4):261-279

Summary Gabbros of two kinds, one related to dolerite and the other related to peridotite, are widespread in the Dinaride ophiolite zone. Gabbros within the Krivaja-Konjuh peridotite massif, along the Gostovii River and near Romanovac Mountain, exemplify the second kind. The gabbroic rocks range from feldspathic wehrlite and feldspathic dunite through troctolite and olivine gabbro to olivine-free gabbro, all of which are more or less serpentinized or uralitized.The gabbro is characterized by foliation and layering in which cumulus textures are well shown. Peridotite and gabbro intergrade and are interlayered, but in places feldspar seems to have been introduced metasomatically into peridotite along gabbro dikes. The gabbro masses, like their internal structures, parallel layering in the surrounding peridotite. Intrusive relations, however, are indicated by gabbro dikes in peridotite, and xenoliths of peridotite in gabbro. Absence of gabbro dikes in the surrounding Jurassic rocks shows that the gabbro was intruded into peridotite before both were emplaced tectonically.Chemically, the gabbros are typically alpine, with high ratios of CaO: Na₂O, high MgO: FeO ratios, and low K₂O and TiO₂. Plots of chemical composition suggest a close affinity between gabbro and olivine tholeiite and olivine basalt.It is proposed that a primary magma of olivine tholeiite composition was produced by partial melting of the upper mantle material below an ancient Jurassic(?) Mid-oceanic ridge at a depth of 35 to 70 km. The melt was moved to higher levels and it was intruded into the peridotites moving upwards and crystallization began at a depth below 30 km. The trends of differentiation processes have been disscused in detail.

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Alpinotype Gabbros innerhalb des Ultramafit-Massivs von Krivaja-Konjuh in der Ophiolith-Zone der Dinariden, Jugoslawien

Zusammenfassung In der Ophiolith-Zone der Dinariden kommen verbreitet Gabbros zweierlei Art vor: die eine steht zu Doleriten in Beziehung, die andere zu Peridotiten. Gabbros innerhalb des Peridotit-Massivs von Krivaja-Konjuh, längs des Flusses Gostoviéi und nahe dem Berg Romanovac sind Beispiele für die zweite Art. Die gabbroiden Gesteine variieren von Feldspat-führenden Wehrliten und Feldspat-führenden Duniten über Troktolithe und Olivin-Gabbros bis zu Olivin-freiem Gabbro; sie sind alle mehr oder weniger serpentinisiert oder uralitisiert.Der Gabbro ist durch Faltung und Bänderung, in der Cumulus-Texturen gut erkennbar sind, charakterisiert. Peridotit und Gabbro gehen ineinander über und zeigen Wechsellagerung, aber an manchen Stellen scheint der Feldspat längs Gabbrogängen metasomatisch in den Peridotit eingedrungen zu sein. Die Gabbromassen liegen ebenso wie ihre internen Strukturen parallel zur Schichtung der umgebenden Periodotite. Gabbrogänge in Peridotit und Xenolithe von Peridotit in Gabbro zeigen indessen intrusive Beziehungen an. Die Abwesenheit von Gabbrogängen in den umgebenden jurassischen Gesteinen zeigt, daß der Gabbro in den Peridotit vor deren gemeinsamen tektonischen Platznahme intrudierte.Vom chemischen Standpunkt aus sind die Gabbros typisch alpin, mit großen (CaO: Na₂O)- und (MgO: FeO)-Verhältnissen und kleinen TiO₂-und K₂O-Werten.Es wird vorgeschlagen, daß ein primäres Magma von olivintholeiitischer Zusammensetzung durch partielle Aufschmelzung von Material des Oberen Mantels unterhalb einer alten jurassischen(?) mittelozeanischen Schwelle in einer Tiefe von 35–70 km entstand. Die Schmelze wurde in höhere Niveaus bewegt und in die sich aufwärts bewegenden Peridotite intrudiert; die Kristallisation begann in einer Tiefe von unter 30 km. Die Tendenzen der Differentiationsprozesse werden im Detail diskutiert.

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With 7 Figures  相似文献   

Analysis of the Saharan dust regional transport     

Z. Vukmirović  M. Unkašević  L. Lazić  I. Tošić  S. Rajšić  M. Tasić 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2004,85(4):265-273

Summary The Balkan Peninsula is situated in the impact zone of Saharan dust storms. The case of Saharan dust transport to Belgrade in the period of 14–17 April 1994 is analyzed using the Eta model for synoptic and meso scale processes. Air back trajectories are calculated at six model levels from 434 up to 5129m with horizontal grid resolutions of 1°×1° and 10×10. Following cyclonic circulation the dust was picked up from North Africa, and transported over Mediterranean. Simultaneously, according to the analysis of the three lowest trajectories, transport of trace metals from Macedonia and southern Serbia by the Koshava wind might be dominant in the observed episode. Turbulent flow enhanced the coagulation process of initially clean dust particles with particles containing Pb and Cd. The coagulation and scavenging processes below and in clouds increased deposition rates of Pb and Cd in Belgrade in the course of wet removal, and consequently trough resuspension processes. Dry deposition samples contained characteristic particles up to 30µm in diameter with Fe content of 11 to 15 atomic% and significant ratio Si/Fe of 3 to 5, determined for selected single particles by the SEM/EDX method. Following dry and wet deposition of Cd and Pb, a residual effect of dustfall is noticed throughout the vegetational period.  相似文献   

Seasonal variations of physiological and cellular biomarkers and their use in the biomonitoring of north Adriatic coastal waters (Croatia)     

Petrović S  Semencić L  Ozretić B  Ozretić M 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,49(9-10):713-720

Lysosomal membrane stability, the content of neutral lipids and lipofuscin as cellular biomarkers were measured in the digestive gland of mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam., during a one year survey at selected sites along the coast of the northern Adriatic. The ability of mussels to survive in air as a general physiological response was tested at the same sites. Annual changes of sea temperature, salinity, O(2) saturation, pH and chlorophyll a concentration were measured and the effects of these environmental factors on the biomarkers selected for this study were determined. Survival of mussels after aerial exposure was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in mussels collected from the contaminated harbors of Pula and Rijeka compared to clean control sites. Lysosomal membrane stability of mussels from urban and industrial areas was also lower indicating exposure to different environmental contaminants. At the same sites, the content of neutral lipids and lipofuscin in digestive cells was significantly higher compared to the reference sites, suggesting alterations in lipid metabolism and contaminant-induced peroxidation of cell membranes. The greatest influence of natural environmental factors was observed for the aerial survival of mussels and the neutral lipids and lipofuscin content in the digestive gland, indicating that the annual cycles of biomarker responses should be well understood for a correct interpretation of biomonitoring results.  相似文献   

Variability and probability of annual and extreme precipitation over Serbia and Montenegro   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. Unkašević  I. Tošić  D. Vujović 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2004,79(1-2):103-109

Summary Annual precipitation over Serbia and Montenegro is studied in terms of its variability. The dependence of three selected absolute measures of variability (standard deviation, absolute mean deviation and mean absolute interannual variability) from the mean annual precipitation are examined for the area of interest. Two cases of extreme precipitation in Serbia were analysed using the gamma probability density function and some transformations.  相似文献